Mod. 9-11: Traction, Compression, Man. Therapy Flashcards
(64 cards)
Traction Indications:
spinal disc bulge/herniation*
narrowing of IV foramen*
nerve root impingement*
joint hypomobility
mm guarding
mm spasm
osteophyte/bone spurs
spinal ligament/CT contractures
subacute/chronic pain
subacute/chronic joint inflammation
Traction Contraindications:
acute strain/sprain*
acute inflammation*
fracture or dislocation*
vertebral joint instability*
peripheralization of symptoms*
movement-exacerbating symptoms
pregnancy (lumbar)
spinal infection of bone/joint
spine malignancy/tumor
meningitis
severe HTN or cardiovasc. disease
rheumatoid arthritis
aortic aneurysm
osteoporosis
hiatal hernia
cardiopulm problems
positive Alar ligament test or vertebral artery test (cervical)
Traction Physio Effects:
decrease disc protrusion
decrease pain
increase joint mobility
increase mm relaxation
increase ST extensibility
promote arterial, venous & lymphatic flow
Traction effect on facet joints:
widens IV foramen
exchange synovial fluid
joint mobilization
Traction effect on muscles
increase spinal mm extensibility
mm relaxation
Traction effect on ligaments
viscoelasticity
low load/long duration
Traction effect on nervous system
relieves nerve pressure
facilitates blood flow
Traction effect on bone
stress can increase bone density (Wolff’s Law)
Traction effect on IV discs
decrease size of herniated disc material via pressure gradient
Traction effect on pain/inflammation
reduce pressure on inflamed joint surface
mechanical stimuli for gate control
Lumbar spine traction: initial/subacute phase-
force,
hold/relax,
time
29-44 lbs
static
5-10 min
Lumbar spine traction: joint distraction
force,
hold/relax,
time
50% of body weight (min. 50 lbs)
15 sec/15 sec
20-30 min
Lumbar spine traction: disc/ST stretch
force,
hold/relax,
time
25% body weight
60 sec/20 sec
20-30 min
Lumbar spine traction: mm spasm-
force,
hold/relax,
time
25% body weight
5 sec/5 sec
20-30 min
Cervical spine traction: initial/subacute phase-
force,
hold/relax,
time
7-9 lbs
static
5-10 min
Cervical spine traction: joint distraction-
force,
hold/relax,
time
7% body weight (< 30 lbs)
15 sec/15 sec
20-30 min
Cervical spine traction: disc/ST stretch-
force,
hold/relax,
time
11-15 lbs
60-sec/20sec
20-30 min
Cervical spine traction: mm spasm-
force,
hold/relax,
time
11-15 lbs
5 sec/5sec
20-30 min
use what type of exercise for posterolateral herniated discs?
extension-based; prone positioning
peripheralization vs. centralization of symptoms
P: when symptoms follow nerve pathway to periphery (inc. compression and worsened nerve function)
C: symptoms move back to localized origin
Lumbar spine traction: high angle of pull targets ___
low angle of pull targets ___
high: L1/L2
low: L3-L5
Cervical spine traction (supine):
0-5* flex targets ___
10-20* flex targets ___
25-35 * flex targets ___
0-5: C1/C2
10-20: C3/-C5
25-35*: C6/C7
Compression Indications:
edema
lymphedema
hypertrophic scarring
stasis ulcer
new residual limb
DVT risk (post-op)
Compression Contraindications
DVT
heart failure
infection of treated area (cellulitis)
pulmonary edema
circulatory obstruction (lymphatic or venous return)
acute/unstable fracture
malignant area
peripheral artery disease (arterial ulcer)
