Mod D Tech 20 Patient examination, assessment &

Question 1

Principles of Ambulance Aid

Answer 1

Question 2

List Stages of Pre-Hospital Care

Answer 2

1. Scene Survey
2. Primary Survey
3. Secondary Survey
4. Patient Management / Transport
5. Reassessment

6 Pre-alert

Question 3

1.Scene Survey

Answer 3

Ensure that:

•Correct PPE is worn

Look for:

• Dangers
• Number of casualties
• Mechanism of injury
• Patient position
• Obvious injuries
• Assistance already on scene

Consider:

•Extra resources required

Question 4

.Primary Survey

Answer 4

Initial, rapid assessment of the patient to identify and treat those conditions that present an immediate threat to life

[The Primary Survey is the first assessment made of every patient]

Question 5

Primary Survey

Answer 5

Primary Survey

Initial assessment:

• Catastrophic Haemorrhage
• Airway
• Breathing
• Circulation
• Disability (level of consciousness)

Question 6

(C) Catastrophic Haemorrhage

Question 7

(A) Airway

Answer 7

• Is it open? – if not, open and clear it
• Is there any suggestion of cervical spine injury?
• •Maintain head and neck in neutral alignment

Question 8

(B) Breathing

Answer 8

Question 9

(C) Circulation

Answer 9

Question 10

(D) Disability

Answer 10

Question 11

• A -
• V -
• P -
• U -

Answer 11

• A - alert
• V - responds to voice
• P - responds to pain
• U - unresponsive

Question 12

Secondary Survey

Answer 12

A systematic evaluation of the entire patient to detect less obvious or underlying problems.

It should only be carried out when all life-threatening conditions have been identified and treated

Two phases:

1.History taking

●

2.Physical assessment

History Taking

Refers to the events which caused the accident or the patient’s condition.

You should seek relevant medical history, together with details of medication or treatment which the patient is receiving

•Observation of the scene

• Mechanisms of injury
• Severity of injury
• Surroundings
• The patient
• Bystanders
• Relatives
• First Aiders
• Medical warning devices (“Medic Alert”, “SOS Talisman”)

Question 13

History Taking

Answer 13

•Chief Complaint (OPQRSTA)

•

•SAMPLE History

•

•Signs & Symptoms

•

•Past Medical History

Question 14

Physical Assessment

Answer 14

Physical Assessment

•General appearance and position of the patient

•

• Head to Toe examination
• Vital signs

Question 15

Vital Signs

Answer 15

• Pulse
• •Respiration
• •Temperature / skin colour
• Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)
• Pupils
• •Blood Sugar
• •Pulse Oximetry

Question 16

Respiratory Rates

Answer 16

Question 17

Heart Rates

Answer 17

Question 18

Glasgow Coma Scale

Answer 18

Question 19

GCS as an indicator of severity

•

Answer 19

• GCS 14-15 = mild
• GCS 9-13 = moderate
• GCS 3-8 = severe

GCS of less than 8 is considered to be coma

Question 20

Trauma and Revised Trauma Score

Answer 20