Modalites Flashcards
(115 cards)
0
Q
A constant current which electrons move at an even rate /flow is called:
A
Direct current
1
Q
What is the energy that produces light, heat, magnetic, and chemical changes?
A
Electricity
2
Q
Of the following terms, which indicates the number of cycles per second that a generator alternates current
A
Hertz rating
3
Q
A material that does not allows current to pass through is called a
A
Insulator
4
Q
Which of the following measures electricity
A
Amp- Measures- AM
5
Q
Which of the following terms is an unit of electric PRESSURE
A
VP-VOLT measures PRESSURE
6
Q
A unit of resistance is?
A
OR- OHM is a unit of RESISTANCE
7
Q
Which measures how much energy is being used
A
WE- WATT measures how much ENERGY. Is being used
8
Q
Which of the following is a path on which electricity leaves the source nd travels to to an appliance to provide power?
A
Closed path
9
Q
Microdermabrasion machine
A
- Light resurfacing of the epidermis w/ crystals and suction or diamond tip w/suction
- reduces fine lines and wrinkle, reduces Hyperpigmentation and scarring
10
Q
Rotating brush machine
A
Small round brush to exfoliate the skin
11
Q
Lucas spray
A
Electric pulverized spray
-uses various herbs, extracts or astringents onto the skin
14-16” from face
12
Q
Spray machine
A
Automated spray device
-mist of water-based solution to
- ) thoroughly cleanse
- ) after suction or extraction
- ) mask removal
- ) after mask
13
Q
What are contradictions of the suction machine
A
- sensitive skin
- rosacea
- think skin
- infected acne
- couperose skin
14
Q
Suction machine
A
Vacuum cleaner for deep pore cleansing (loosens sebum/ impurities)
-lightly suctions the skin w/ glass electrode
15
Q
What are the contradictions of the facial steamer
A
- sensitive skin
- couperose skin
- acne or rosacea
- sunburn
- skin irritation
- open cuts, abrasions and sores
16
Q
How far should the steamer be from the face
A
16” (40 cm)
17
Q
Facial steamer
A
- considered most important
- diffuses vapor mist on face
- softens dead skin cells, sebum, expands skin pores, increases penetration of product
18
Q
Purple fluorescent
A
Thin skin without enough moisture
Dehydrated
19
Q
Light violet
A
Dehydrated skin
20
Q
Bright fluorescent
A
Hydrated skin
21
Q
Blue-white
A
Normal, healthy skin
22
Q
Skin scope
A
Magnifying mirror
Light w/ black light to show client and you clients current skin condition
23
Q
Woods lamp
A
Light, magnification and uv Rays
24
Diopter
Measurement of the degree of magnification
3, 5, 10x diopter lenses
25
A loupe is
-magnifying light
26
Electrochemical effects
Electric currents travel through water-based solution
Relaxing or stimulation effects
27
Mechanical effects
Produced by push and pull via magnets
28
Radiation
Transfer of heat via vacuum (empty space)
29
Convection
Transfer of heat via liquid or gas
30
Conduction t
Transfer of heat via direct contact
31
Which 3 ways is thermal energy transferred?
1. ) conduction
2. ) convection
3. ) radiation
32
Thermal energy
Caused by "friction" to create heat
33
What is S. A. D.
Seasonal effective disorder
| -sadness occurs during the winter months (depression)
34
How far should a uv lamp be from a clients face? Back?
- 30" (76 cm)
| - 30"-36" (76-91 cm) back
35
U V A Rays
- longest ray, takes more time
- used in tanning beds
- destroys collagen and elastin
- makes vita D
36
U V B Rays
- stimulate melanin production
- most frequent exposure
- called the "burning rays@
- 1000 x's stronger than UVA rays
280 mm-320nm
37
UVC Rays
Have little effect on skin
| 200 nm to 280 nm
38
What are the 3 types of UV Rays
1. ) UVA
2. ) UVB
3. ) UVC
39
Ultra Violet Light
Small doses= vita D and germicidal
Large doses= skin cancer
3 different wave lengths
All are either helpful or negative
40
How far and long can infrared be used
5-15 min
| 30" (75 cm) from face
41
Infrared Rays
Penetrates all layers of the skin, muscles, bone, nerves and joints.
Produces heat
Stimulates, relaxes, and stimulates
42
Invisible light
Produces physical effects on the skin
43
Incandescent light
Produced by ordinary light bulb
Red and warm tones
Closest to natural light
44
Fluorescent light
Blue or cool tones
Cheaper
45
What are the 2 types of white light
1) fluorescent
| 2) incandescent
46
What color has the shortest wave length
Violet
47
What color has the longest wave length
Red
48
What are all the colors we can see
```
Red
Orange
Yellow
Green
Blue
Indigo
Violet
```
49
How many colors of light can be seen
7
50
Visible light
What we can see
Produces visible color
51
White light
Combination of all light
52
What are the 2 types of light
1 visible
2 invisible
53
Electromagnetic spectrum
Range of all wavelengths that can be produced
| -the shorter the wave = more energy
54
Electromagnetic radiation
Heat energy transferred by radiation in wave like patterns
55
Wavelength
Electric waves measured from the crest of one wave to the other
56
Contradictions for electrotherapy
1) pregnancy
2) heart conditions/ pace maker
3) epilepsy
4) high blood pressure
5) open cuts, sores and abrasions
6) diabetes
7) dilated capillaries
8) metal plates, pins and braces
57
Sinusoidal current
Ac current that produces muscle stimulation and contraction only 20 min. Long
State of CA has banned this
58
Indirect faradic
Esthetician wears moist wrist band while client holds electrode to perform facial massage
- most frequently used method of faradic
59
Direct faradic
Both electrodes are on clients skin and turned on to stimulate muscles
-stimulates muscles
Improves circulation
Improves muscle tone
Increases glandular activity
60
Faradic current
Uses ac current to stimulate the muscle to preserve muscle tone
61
Indirect high frequency
Client holds glass electrode while esthetician massages the face
For: stimulation and penetration, dry skin types and relaxation
62
Direct high frequency
Electrode is directly applied to the face creating ozone layer
For: oily skin with congestion
63
What are two methods using high frequency machine
1) direct
| 2) indirect
64
Sparking or spark gap
Creating ozone by slowly lifting away the electrode by no more than 1/4 inch of the skin
65
High frequency current
Alternating current using glass electrode filled with gas to penetrate product, kill bacteria and increase circulation using heat and ozone gases
66
Iontophoresis
Acidic solution using a positive charge to nourish and penetrate layers of the skin , tighten and form and soothe client hold negative
67
Disincrustation
Treats blockages in the skin, pimples, blackheads etc with alkaline solution and negative charge client holds positive
68
Polarity
Oppositely charged poles
Negative and positive
69
Electrodes
Attract or repel based on the positively or negatively charged particles in the solution and poles
70
Cathode
Negatively charged electrode
| Black -
71
Anode
Positively charged
| Red +
72
Polarity changer
Changes the current from positive to negative and vice versa
73
Electricity
Form of energy that produces light, heat, magnetic, and chemical changes
Travels via circuit
74
Cataphoresis
Uses acidic solution with a positive pole penetrate product
Benefits: tightens, firms, penetrates product, constricts blood vessels
75
Anaphoresis
Uses alkaline solution to enter the skin and negative pile of the electrode on the face
Benefits expands pores, soften tissue and blood flow
76
Phoresis
The process of forcing a water based solution into the skin by applying galvanic current to a solution anaphoresis
77
Ionization
Forces water soluble skin care products into the skin
78
Galvanic current
Only constant direct current ( DC)
| Penetration and Desincrustation
79
What are four types of electrotherapy treatments?
1 galvanic
2 high frequency (tesla)
3 faradic
4 sinusoidal
80
Electric current
Flow of energy along a conductor with an equal ration of voltage to resistance
81
Electrotherapy treatments
Facial treatments that require the U.S. Of electricity
82
What type of outlet should be used where water and electricity may be in contact
Ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI)
Has the test/ reset buttons
83
General shock
Passes through he nervous system
| -stops the heat, breathing and causes muscles to convulse
84
Local shock
Passes through a small part of the body
| Causes burns and muscles contractions
85
What are the two types of electrical shock
1) local shock
| 2) general shock aka electrocution
86
Electrical shock
Occurs when humans have contact with and electrical current
87
Grounding wire
3 wire system with two rectangular prongs and one circular prong
88
Circuit breaker
Breaks the flow of electricity
Does not need replacement
89
Fuse
A safety device that prevents wires from overheating
| - needs replacement
90
Short circuit
When a conductor comes in contact with a wire carrying a current to a load
91
Overload
Occurs when too many appliances are on one circuit
92
Load
Technical term for any appliance needing electricity to work
93
Rheostat
Indicates the amount of current flowing through the equipment
Controlled with dial or knob
94
Open circuit
Electricity does not travel to an appliance
95
Closed path
When electricity leaves the source and travels to an appliance to power it
96
A circuit is also called ____________
Closed path
97
What does the back of an appliance tell you
1) frequency = hertz needed aka Amps
2) volts needed
3) watts used per second
98
Watt
Measure of how much electricity is being used
99
Ohm's rating
Guarantees a safe and appropriate flow of electrical current
100
Ohm
Measures of electrical resistance
| - resistance to motion through a conductor
101
Volt
Aka voltage
Unit electrical pressure 110 or 220 volts is most common
102
Milliamperes
1/1000th of an amp
Power a skincare equipment puts out
103
Amp
Unit of strength
Also called ampere
ASA
104
Amp rating
Number of electrodes flowing through a particular line
10, 20, 30 + amp is general
105
Generator
Machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy
106
Insulator
Material that does not allow a current to pass through
types: silk, dry air, plastic, rubber, wood, glass, brick, cloth and certain liquids
107
Conductors
Transports electrical current in a circuit to an appliance
Types: silver and copper = best, aluminum, metals, carbon and water
108
Hertz rating
Number of cycles per second a current is alternated
Us= 60 hz
On back plate of machine
109
Rectifier
Changes ac to dc
110
Converter
Changes dc to ac
111
Frequency
Number of times an ac cycle occurs per second
112
Alternating current
| AC
Rapid oscillating cycle that alternate back and forth
113
Direct Current
| Dc
Constant current where electrons flow in an even rate and flow in only one direction
-galvanic method
114
Electrons
Negatively charged particles
