Models + Theories Flashcards
(25 cards)
What does the Marshmallow Test examine?
The predictive validity of self control/regulation at a young age
What three parts of the brain influence the ability to delay impulses?
Amygdala (emotions), ACC/PFC (self control center), cerebellum (movement)
Under which construct does self regulation and self control lie?
Prominent psychological constructs
Who invented the self-efficacy theory?
Albert Bandura
What does the self-efficacy theory propose?
Ppl have to be confident that they have the capabilities to execute something to act on it and produce attainments
What does Albert Bandura propose is strong and reliable predictor of behaviour?
Confidence (self-efficacy)
What are there three situation-specific theories in regards to exercises?
Exercise (adoption), Barrier (adoption and maintenance), planning (maintenance)
What are the four primary sources leading to self-efficacy?
Mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, affective + physiological states
What’s the strongest source contributing to self-efficacy?
Mastery experiences
What is a real life example of gaining confidence by vicarious experiences?
The Four Minute Mile (Robert Bannister)
What’s the main limitation of the self-efficacy theory?
Only for new or challenging behaviours
Who proposed the Theory of Planned Behaviour (Reasoned Action)
Icek Ajzen
What is the theory of planned behaviour?
Ppl’s intention is the most immediate predictor of that behaviour
What are the three aspects that control intentions?
Attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural controls
Which aspect least influences intention?
Subjective norms
What is the strongest predictor of intention?
Attitude
What is the main limitation of the theory of planned behaviour?
GAP (intentions often don’t lead to behaviour)
What does the Self-Determination Theory propose?
Motivation predicts behaviour; it is highest when autonomous and lowest when promoted by others
What are the three innate basic needs for motivation?
Autonomy (willingness), relatedness (others, connection), competence (experience of mastery)
What are the three levels of motivation?
Amotivation (none), Extrinsic motivation (external reasons), Intrinsic motivation (for one’s pleasure and satisfaction)
What is the strength of the self-determination theory?
Addresses needs across a continuum, allowing for deeper understanding
What is self regulation?
The current state towards a desired goal
What is self control?
Behaviour towards end state, inhibit to initiate
What are the four aspects under the theory of self regulation?
Reference value (goal), comparator, going above goals (positive), negative feedback loop
