modern period

Question 1

what did james watson and francis crick research

Answer 1

in 1953 used x-rays to show dna
proved the dna structure unzips itself and copies

Question 2

in 1900 what did mendal research

Answer 2

genes came in pairs and were inherited from patients

Question 3

what did james watson and francis crick prove about diseases

Answer 3

identified diseases like haemophillia stops blood clotting

Question 4

what were lifestyle causes of disease

Answer 4

smoking
diet
alchohol
tanning

Question 5

when did smoking become popular

Answer 5

1920s

Question 6

when did doctors notice a rise in lung cancer cases

Answer 6

1950s

Question 7

what other dieases does smoking link to

Answer 7

high blood pressure
different cancers
gum disease
tooth decay

Question 8

how did diet cause disease

Answer 8

poor diet with lots of sugars and fats could cause heart disease or type 2 diabetes

Question 9

what was advice for diet

Answer 9

have lots of fresh fruit and vegetables and other things in moderation

Question 10

what disease did alcohol cause

Answer 10

liver disease
kidney problems

Question 11

what disease did tanning lead to

Answer 11

skin cancer

Question 12

what improved in diagnosing disease

Answer 12

more technology allowed more accuracy
treatments faster and efficient

Question 13

when did blood tests become popular and what for

Answer 13

1930s
test for alot of conditions

Question 14

when did blood sugar testing become popular and what for

Answer 14

1960s
allowed diabetes sufferers to check their blood sugar levels

Question 15

what did x-rays do and when were they created

Answer 15

1890s
helped see the inside of the human body without cutting into it

Question 16

when was blood pressure monitoring created

Answer 16

1880s
helps diagnose if blood pressure is to high or to low

Question 17

what is endoscopes and when was it created

Answer 17

1900s
camera on the end of a thin tube
used to investigate digestive system

Question 18

what are EDGs and when were they created

Answer 18

1900s
electro cardiograms measure heart activity

Question 19

what are CT scans and when were they created

Answer 19

1970s
advanced form of x-rays
diagnoses tumors and growths in the body

Question 20

what are ultrasound scans and when were they created

Answer 20

1940s
uses soundwaves to build a picture of body

Question 21

what are MRI scans and when were they created

Answer 21

1970s
uses magnets to create an internal image of the body

Question 22

what were magic bullets

Answer 22

idea that a chemical cure would attack a specific disease in the body

Question 23

what did Paul Erlich and Hata research

Answer 23

syphilis

Question 24

how did paul erlich find a cure for syphilsis

Answer 24

tested over 600 compounds
mixing in more or less arsenic
tested each one on a rabbit
either killed rabbit an disease
or didnt kill either

Question 25

how did hata help find the cure

Answer 25

in 1909 hata retested and found the 606th one cured syphilis

Question 26

what was the cure for syphylis named

Answer 26

salvarson 606

Question 27

what did gerhad domagk research

Answer 27

prontosil and antibiotics

Question 28

how did domagk research antibiotics

Answer 28

noticed a red dye called protonsil killed germs in mice tested it on his daughter with blood poisoning cured her stopped bacteria multiplying

Question 29

what are antibiotics

Answer 29

treatments that stop the growth and multiplying of bacteria

Question 30

what was the first antibiotic

Answer 30

penicillin

Question 31

what were government actions for the prevention of disease

Answer 31

mass vaccinations government legislation lifestyle campaigns

Question 32

what are mass vaccinations

Answer 32

lots of people get vaccinated for a specific disease

Question 33

what are examples of mass vaccinations

Answer 33

1942-diphtheria 1956-polio

Question 34

what was government legilsation

Answer 34

passed laws such as clean air act of 1956 and 1968 dealt with smog heavy fog caused by pollution

Question 35

what were lifestyle campaigns

Answer 35

government advertised healthier lifestyle dangers of smoking and binge drinking

Question 36

what are examples of lifestyle campaigns

Answer 36

stoptober-people stop smoking in october change4life-encorage healthy eating and excersize

Question 37

when was the nhs launched and what is it

Answer 37

1948 everyone should have free healthcare

Question 38

what were the different phases of the nhs

Answer 38

phase one phase two development to treatments developments in access to care

Question 39

what was phase one

Answer 39

access to care nhs took over hospitals and medical centre ambulances and health visitors were added gps and dentists became part of the nhs hospitals updated and built

Question 40

what was phase two

Answer 40

a focus on high tech equipment

Question 41

what was added in phase two of the nhs

Answer 41

advanced x-rays dialysis machine-test kidneys and heart bypasses prosthetic limbs to a higher standard microsurgery-tiny surgical instruments keyhole surgery-tiny cameras-surgery impact less

Question 42

what were developments for treatments

Answer 42

lots of developments taken place limitations

Question 43

what were linitations to developments in treatments

Answer 43

drug-resistant bacteria lifestyle choices have no cure viruses difficult to create vaccines

Question 44

what were developments for access to care

Answer 44

hospitals were now just for treatment of the sick

Question 45

who was alexander flemming

Answer 45

english doctor studied bacteria in 1928 expermineted bacteria and left a petri dish out which got dirty noticed the mold growing seemed to kill off bacteria-penicillin didnt research it further

Question 46

what did howard florey and ernst chain develop penicillin

Answer 46

revisited old research in 1938 grew the mould again and tested it on mice killed infections tested on human in 1941- started to recover

Question 47

what was mass-production of penicillin

Answer 47

they needed to produce lots of it but couldnt because of WW2 Us companies agreed to produce it Us government got invloved

Question 48

what is lung cancer and what causes it

Answer 48

second most common cancer in the uk smoking and breathing in chemicals often to blame

Question 49

what were treatments for lung cancer

Answer 49

transplants replace lungs radiotherapy shrinks tumours chemotherapy kills it

Question 50

what was government action for lung cancer

Answer 50

government banned smoking in workplaces because cost of lung cancer is so high raising legal age of smoking to 18 raised tax on smoking