Modern States Video Flashcards

Question

Subkingdoms of anamalia

Answer 1

Parazoa- differentiated cells but no distinct tissues or body symmetry Eumetazoa- 2/3 distinct layers of cells with differentiated tissues and have radial or bilateral symmetry

Answer 2

Eukaryotic More similar to animals than plants Cells walls of chitin Asexual via spores or Sexual via meiosis

Answer 3

Yeast, mold, rust, familiar mushrooms

Answer 4

In soil, on dead matter, live on plants/animals/other fungi

Answer 5

Decomposition Leavening agent for bread Enzyme in detergent Food Fermentation Antibiotics Pesticides Some toxic

Answer 6

Green algae No vascular plants Vascular plants

Answer 7

Tracheophytes

Answer 8

Spermatophytes Gymnosperms- no flowers Angiosperms - flowering plants

Answer 9

Cellulose and lignin (lignin provide structure)

Answer 10

The study of plants

Answer 11

Sexual reproduction in eukaryotes involves a form of cell division

Answer 12

Interphase Prophase I Metaphase I Anaphase I Telophase I Cytokinesis I (Repeats P-C)

Answer 13

Eukaryotic cells reproduce asexually by dividing into two genetically identical daughter cells

Answer 14

Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

Answer 15

Period of cell growth and DNA replication Chromosomes are chromatin Nucleus may still be present

Answer 16

Chromatin condense into chromosomes Nuclear membrane breaks down Sister chromatids joined by centromeres Centrosomes move to opposite ends of poles

Answer 17

Chromosomes align at equilateral Micro tubes attach to sister chromosomes to centrosomes

Answer 18

Centromeres divide Micro tubes shorten Chromosomes to opposite sides of cell

Answer 19

Cytoplasm divides along cleavage Chromosomes condense to chromatin Nucleolus reappears Nuclear membrane reforming around clear nucleus

Answer 20

Linear chain of nucleotides

Answer 21

Consists of nitrogenous base -purine - Adenine and Guanine - pyrimidine - cytosine, thynine, uracil a Pentose (5C sugar) - ribose or deoxyribose And a phosphate group

Answer 22

Ribonucleic acid Made of base pair connected by sugar and phosphate molecules : Ribose+AGCU Usually single stranded - can fold on self creating double helix

Answer 23

carry code from DNA in nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm

Answer 24

Read the code carried by the mRNA

Answer 25

Bring amino acids to ribosomes where they are linked to proteins

Answer 26

Tiny nonliving biological infectious agent

Answer 27

DNA or RNA genome encased in a protein coat aka capsid Can be single or double stranded

Answer 28

Infect and take over living host cell Can be dormant Inserts genetic material into host’s Takes control of host DNA - produces viral genes and protein- form new visions to destroy host and infect more

Answer 29

Pressure x Volume = Constant or Pressure = constant/volume

Answer 30

A buoyant force in a submerged object is equal to the weight of the liquid displace by the object Volume= (mass of object-mass in water)/density of water

Answer 31

1g/cubic cm

Answer 32

A substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process Lowers activation energy Provides surface for molecules to gather and bind

Answer 33

Same phase as reactants Ex) liquid with liquid

Answer 34

Different phase than reactants

Answer 35

Contains chromosomes and regulates DNA of a cell

Answer 36

Thread like rods of DNA

Answer 37

DNA and protein that make up chromosomes

Answer 38

Involved in protein synthesis Synthesizes and stores RNA

Answer 39

Exchange of material

Answer 40

Encloses the structures of the cell

Answer 41

Liquid within the nucleus

Answer 42

Liquid material within the cell

Answer 43

The cytosol and substructure found within plasma membrane

Answer 44

Defines cell acting as a barrier

Answer 45

Tubular network that comprises the transport system of a cell

Answer 46

Generates ATP and is involved in cell growth and death

Answer 47

Involved in synthesizing proteins from amino acids

Answer 48

Involved in synthesizing materials such as proteins that are transported out of the cell

Answer 49

Sacs used for storage digestion and waste removal

Answer 50

Moving materials within a cell

Answer 51

Consists of microtubules that help shape and support the cell

Answer 52

Involved in cellular division

Answer 53

Involved in mitosis and the cell cycle

Answer 54

Digest proteins lipids and carbs

Answer 55

Causes cell to live and can result in fluid being moved by the cell

Answer 56

Use whip like movements to help cell move

Answer 57

Provides plants with sturdy barrier that can hold fluid within cell

Answer 58

Plant cells use for photosynthesis

Answer 59

Used to make chemical compounds store food

Answer 60

Allow for transport between cells

Answer 61

All of the chemical reactions that take place in living organisms Convert nutrients to energy and macromolecules

Answer 62

Series of reactions where the product of one reaction is the substrate for the next

Answer 63

Require energy Build larger and more complex molecules from smaller ones

Answer 64

Release energy Break down large molecules to smaller less complex ones

Answer 65

Set of metabolic reactions that convert chemical bonds into energy stored in form of ATP

Answer 66

How quickly or slowly chemical reactions occur

Answer 67

Based on Frequencies of contact, temp, and properties (shape) Can be accelerated via catalyst or decreased via inhibitors

Answer 68

Heat Light Electrons Ions

Answer 69

Heat and other

Answer 70

2 or more reactants combine to form one product

Answer 71

Substances containing two or more elements Formed by chemical reactions Different properties from the original elements

Answer 72

Homogenous mixtures Two or more substances Ex) salt water

Answer 73

Two or more substances that have combined No chemical reaction Can be separated

Answer 74

Heat transfer through movement or circulation of fluids Heat moves away from source to cooler denser area

Answer 75

Reactant is broken down to more products

Answer 76

Final position - original placement

Answer 77

Explanation and description of the ways matter moves

Answer 78

Magnitude (size) and direction

Answer 79

Magnitude (size) alone

Answer 80

When normal gene sequence is altered

Answer 81

Passed form parent to child

Answer 82

Occur only in sex cells it shortly after fertilization

Answer 83

Occurs in a cell during and early embryonic stage

Answer 84

Due to environmental factors or replication occurred

Answer 85

Where splitting starts

Answer 86

Enzyme helicase instigates deforming of hydrogen bonds between bases to split two strands

Answer 87

The portion of DNA that is unwound to be replicated

Answer 88

Ions or bonds are replaced by two compounds to form two different compounds

Answer 89

Universal force that exists between any two electrical charged objects Opposite attract and like repel

Answer 90

F=(kq1q2)/r^2 K> constant 9x10^9 Q > magnitude of charge R > distance between objects

Answer 91

Force that results as resistance to motion where 2 surfaces are in contact

Answer 92

Small amount of force is exerted but neither object moves

Answer 93

Larger amount of force is exerted and one of the objects move

Answer 94

Static > kinetic

Answer 95

Formed from one ovary

Answer 96

Develop from flower

Answer 97

Many ovaries 1 flower Raspberries blackberries

Answer 98

Many flowers single structure Pineapple Figs

Answer 99

Conduct nutrients and oxygen to the tissues Remove waste Transport hormones and agents Carry and produce blood

Answer 100

Water movement in above and within earth

Answer 101

Liquid Ice Vapor

Answer 102

Water vapor falls in earth via rain sleet snow

Answer 103

Precipitation land on plants instead of grounds

Answer 104

Runoff from melting snow

Answer 105

Flows from surface into ground

Answer 106

Flows underground

Answer 107

Liquid to gas

Answer 108

Solid water turns to gas without turning into liquid

Answer 109

Movement of water through atmosphere

Answer 110

Water vapor to liquid

Answer 111

Vapor is released from plants to air

Answer 112

The lithosphere , upper solid of mantle and crust, major and minor plates move

Answer 113

Transform - two slide past Divergent- pull away form new crust Convergent - push into each other (subduction one plate goes under other)

Answer 114

Aggregates of more than one mineral (may contain mineraloids) and organic matters No definite structure or shape

Answer 115

Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic Classified by formation and minerals

Answer 116

Naturally occurring Inorganic Silvia with definite chemical Conor and orderly internal crystalline structure Polymorph is two minerals with same chem comp Classified by chemical comp

Answer 117

Mineralogy

Answer 118

Hot magma cooling beneath the ground or lava cools above ground to form large or fine grained crystalline, porous, or glassy rocks or varying chemical composition

Answer 119

Granite Pumice

Answer 120

Formed from previously weathered and eroded material which may have been igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic rocks

Answer 121

Dolomite Limestone

Answer 122

Altered, partially remelted, generally highly crystalline Igneous sedimentary or even older metamorphic rocks Extreme heat and compression

Answer 123

Slate Marble

Answer 124

Universal force that causes every object to exert a force on all other objects

Answer 125

F=(Gm1m2)/r^2 G> gravitational constant 6.672x10^-11 M1+m2 > masses of the two objects R > distance between them

Answer 126

Thermal mass Amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of an object

Answer 127

Q is heat energy transferred C is heat capacity if the body 🔺T is Change in objects temp Answer in joules

Answer 128

Heat capacity per unit mass Q=mc🔺T Specific heat=mass times shc times change in temperature

Answer 129

A rock in space

Answer 130

The streak of light from a meteoroid in earths atmosphere

Answer 131

Meteoroid that reached the Earths surface

Answer 132

Higher than normal number of meteors

Answer 133

Very bright meteors with trails that can last as long as 30 minutes

Answer 134

Large biological molecules consisting of one or more chains of amino acid peptide

Answer 135

Amino acids sequence

Answer 136

Regularly repeating local structures stabilized by hydrogen bonds (alpha helix , beta sheet, turns)

Answer 137

Overall shape of a single protein molecule; the spatial relationship of secondary structures to one another

Answer 138

The structure fired by several protein molecules (usually called protein subunit which function as a protein complex)

Answer 139

Give stiffness and rigidity to biological components that would otherwise be fluid (ex keratin)

Answer 140

Bind a signaling molecule to induce a biochemical response

Answer 141

Bind antigens and target them for destruction

Answer 142

Generate the forces responsible for muscle construction

Answer 143

Transport ions or small molecules across a membrane

Answer 144

Act as an on off switch based on the presence of absence of certain other molecules in a cell

Answer 145

The scientific study of celestial objects and their positions, movements, and structures

Answer 146

All living organisms made of cells New cells are formed from pre existing cells All cells are similar Cells are the most basic unit of life

Answer 147

Eukaryotic Nucleus Reproduction Cell membrane Cytoplasm Microtubules Vacuoles

Answer 148

Plant cell wall made of cellulose Animals have no cell walls Plant cells with chloroplasts, consistent shape of cells, large cells and cell plates Animals have mitochondria , many shapes, smaller , and pinch in half

Answer 149

expression of potential energy per unit charge

Answer 150

Electric potential difference between 2 points in a circuit V=E/Q

Answer 151

Typically only moves from areas of high electric potential to areas of low electrical potential

Answer 152

V=kT Volume equals k as a constancy times T in absolute temp in Kelvins

Answer 153

When a substance breaks apart to form two more substances AB-> A+B

Answer 154

Bending of waves around small objects and the spreading out of waves past small openings

Answer 155

F= speed of light divided by wavelength

Answer 156

Radio waves Microwaves Infrared radiation Visible light UV radiation X rays Gamma rays

Answer 157

Capacity to do work Measured in joules

Answer 158

PV=nRT Pressure times volume equals number of moles times absolute temperature times universal gas constant

Answer 159

Lack carbon Geological process Distinction not always clear Ex of inorganic carbon compounds Carbon monoxide Carbon dioxide

Answer 160

Natural and synthetic Produced by plants and animals Sugars

Answer 161

The amount of energy it takes to remove the first valence electron of an atom

Answer 162

Energy is always conserved

Answer 163

A system develops a uniform temperature

Answer 164

Entropy becomes constant as temp approaches zero

Answer 165

Portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible because of its ability to stimulate the retina

Answer 166

If light is reflected from the surface of the object Angle will stay the same

Answer 167

When light transmitted through the object It’s direction may be altered

Answer 168

Light that is neither reflected or transmitted will be absorbed

Answer 169

Fats oils or waxed

Answer 170

Consists of a glycerol molecule that is blunt to three long chain fatty acids

Answer 171

Consists of two fatty acids bound to a phosphate head group

Answer 172

Lipids that are derived from cholesterol

Answer 173

Formed when long chain alcohol binds to a long chain fatty acid

Answer 174

Soft - respond more and can lose magnetism fast Hard - keep magnetism for long time

Answer 175

Coil wrapped around soft material for on off effect

Answer 176

First- object at rest/motion stays at rest/motion unless acted upon by outside force Greater the mass the greater resistance

Answer 177

Unbalanced force acting upon body will produce a change in that body’s acceleration that is directly proportional to the force applied and inversely proportional to the body’s mass F=ma

Answer 178

Every actin has an equal and opposite reaction

Answer 179

Tendency of objects to resist any change in their state of motion

Answer 180

Rows/period- putter electrons are in the same energy level Column or group - same number of valence electron in litter shell

Answer 181

Photons from light provide the energy to split a water molecule

Answer 182

Atmospheric CO2 is captured and converted by the reducing equivalence and ATP into sucrose and starch

Answer 183

Plants and animals Larger than prokaryotic Linear double stranded DNA combined with histore and packaged as chromosomes Chromosomes found in nucleus bound by two membranes

Answer 184

Single celled organism such as bacteria Smaller than eukaryotic Lack membrane bound nucleus Single stranded circular DNA free float in cytoplasm

Answer 185

The decay of the nucleus of an unstable atom

Answer 186

Nucleus if helium atoms High energy Short distances Can’t penetrate paper or skin

Answer 187

Electrons emitted from nucleus Don’t participate in chemical reactions Not penetrate aluminum foil

Answer 188

Electromagnetic waves emitted from the nucleus High energy Can be stopped by lead

Answer 189

Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune

Answer 190

70 hydrogen 28 helium 2 various metals

Answer 191

Photosphere

Answer 192

Above the photosphere

Answer 193

Millions of miles into space after chromosphere

Answer 194

Cool regions on surface of sun

Answer 195

Bubble surrounding the sun Area affected by sun particles Far beyond Pluto

Answer 196

Solids- volume and density , structural rigidity and shape, resistant to flow Liquid- volume and density, flow readily, does not expand to fill container Gas- will expand to fill container

Answer 197

Question Hypothesis Prediction Test Analysis

Answer 198

Stratus- blanket (warm air over cold) Cumulus- puffy cotton balls (warm air forces up) Cirrus- wispy thin feathery (ice crystals)

Answer 199

The rate of motion or speed in a specific destination Magnitude and direction V=distance divided by time

Answer 200

The chance in velocity of an object acceleration is also a vector Same direction as velocity

Answer 201

Amount of energy expended in accomplishing a goal W=Fd force time displacement (only if force is same direction ) Joules

Answer 202

Zero No work is done

Modern States Video Flashcards

(230 cards)