modernisation Flashcards
(10 cards)
1
Q
basics of modernisation
A
functionalist theory proposing that capitalist investment is the best way to develop countries
2
Q
Marshall Plan
A
- USA offering loans to european countries devastated by WW2
- ensured a captive market for USA as the majority of Europe’s manufacturing market destroyed by WW2
- they also had to pay back US loans, meaning they were “paying twice”
3
Q
Rostow Model
A
- staircase model showing stages of capitalist progression
- intended to draw european countries away from soviet communism
1. traditional society (subsistence farming)
2. pre conditions for take off (infrastructure)
3. take off (increased growth)
4. drive to maturity (new tech)
5. high mass consumption (global consumption)
4
Q
Parsons
A
- For a country to develop, it will naturally become more capitalist as a sign of efficient development (innovation etc.)
- there are barriers to development that hold back countries:
- being traditional
- strictly religious countries
- lack of meritocracy
- lack of technology
- high birth rates
5
Q
Hoselitz
A
- modernisation means accepting new patterns of work
- western ideas spread through cities to rural areas (emphasised by mass media)
6
Q
supporting modernisation
A
- functionalism, new right and liberalists
- vouch for a system where free markets are encouraged, allowing government to step back and focus on other issues
7
Q
criticising modernisation
A
- marxist and neo marxist
- argue its a form of imperialism and forms a hegemony
8
Q
Lerner
A
countries must substitute traditional ideology for more modern ones today (media) as being able to identify with a large range of people drives change
9
Q
smith
A
statistically higher up rostows model = less war
- in modern society however this is flawed (Russia who are in 4th stage)
10
Q
Avalos
A
criticises the spread of modernisation as smaller countries dont have the same capacities as western did —> they adopt the model and things like education arent good enough
