Modernisation - L4-5 Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is modernization in sports governance? (Tacon & Walters, 2016)
A set of beliefs, structures, policies, and political influences informed by neo-liberalism, emphasizing efficiency and rationalization.
What philosophy underpins modernization?
Professionalization, efficiencies, and “value for money” in the public sector.
What are some similar terms to modernization?
New public management, new managerialism, governmentality.
How was sport used from the 1960s to the 1980s?
To deliver political, economic, and social priorities, including nationalism and health (Cashmore, 2010).
What are the stages of modernization in National Sports Organizations (NSOs)? (Kikulis, Slack & Hinings, 1992)
Kitchen Table: Volunteer-based, centralized decision-making.
Boardroom: Volunteer hierarchy with professional staff.
Executive Office: Professionally led with decentralized decision-making.
What sparked the modernization of sport policy in the 2000s?
Reactions to ‘failing organizations’ and a desire for transparency (Green & Houlihan, 2006; Piggin, Jackson & Lewis, 2009).
What is the contemporary context of modernization in sports? (Hoye et al., 2020)
Athlete-centeredness, impact of new media, brand management, and diversity in stakeholders.
What are key components of the modernization framework for NSOs? (Houlihan & Green, 2009)
Managerialism, choice, responsiveness, partnership development, inspection, audit, and anti-bureaucracy.
What does managerialism mean in sports governance?
The belief that professionally trained managers outperform sport-focused volunteers.
How does choice relate to managerialism?
Managerialism provides sport administrators with strategic choices for action.
What does responsiveness refer to in the context of sports organizations?
Organizations being more adaptable and informed when managers have choices.
What is the significance of partnership development and stakeholding?
Partnerships enhance resource maximization; stakeholders perform better when they have a ‘stake’ in the organization.
What role do inspection and audit play in modernization?
They ensure organizations meet goals while avoiding excessive bureaucracy.
What does professionalism in sport delivery entail? (Shilbury et al., 2013)
Transitioning from volunteer-delivered amateur sport to professionally managed sport supported by volunteers.
What are the key components of modernization as a development framework?
Managerialism, choice, responsiveness, partnership development, inspection and audit, anti-bureaucracy, and professionalism of sport delivery (Houlihan & Green, 2009, in Tacon & Walters, 2016).
Describe Sport NZ’s funding model pre-2022.
Based on participation and high performance, it was a conventional model similar to international standards, with a ‘we know best’ approach and limited Māori-focused programs.
What was the only Māori-focused program by Sport NZ in 2020?
He Oranga Poutama.
What is Whare Tapa Wha? (Durie, 1984)
A framework encompassing four dimensions: Wairua (spirituality), Tinana (physicality), Hunengaro (thoughts and feelings), Whānau (family).
What feedback did focus groups provide about Sport NZ’s direction?
Concerns included lack of Māori partnership and that Sport NZ does not recognize Māori constructs of physical activity.
What is Mana Ōrite in the context of Māori partnership?
Genuine collaboration with Māori National Sports Organizations (NSOs) and iwi.
What does Mana Māori refer to?
Protection of Māori culture, promoting te reo and tikanga in planning and policy.
What are the guiding principles of Aho tapu Te Tiriti?
Capability and capacity building, and contributions to Māori well-being.
What does Mana Taurite focus on?
Reviewing inequities in sport, developing Māori leadership pathways, and addressing funding biases.
