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HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY WITH PATHOPHYSIOLOGY > MODULE 01 > Flashcards

MODULE 01 Flashcards

(91 cards)

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1
Q

The Study of the structure and relationship between body parts.

A

ANATOMY

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2
Q

The study of the function of body parts and the body as a whole.

A

PHYSIOLOGY

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3
Q

The functional changes associated with or resulting from disease or injury.

A

PATHO-PHYSIOLOGY

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4
Q

LEVEL OF ORGANIZATION OF HUMAN BODY

(small to largest)

A

ATOM
MOLECULE
CELL
TISSUE
ORGAN
ORGAN SYSTEM
ORGANISM

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5
Q

MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY:
FUNCTION
- Transports oxygen, nutrients, and other substances to the cells and transports wastes, carbon dioxide, and other substances away from the cells; it can also help stabilize body temperature and pH

A

CARDIOVASCULAR

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6
Q

MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY:
FUNCTION
- Defends against infection and disease and transfers lymph between tissues and the blood stream

A

LYMPHATIC

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7
Q

MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY:
FUNCTION
- Processes foods and absorbs nutrients, minerals, vitamins, and water

A

DIGESTIVE

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8
Q

MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY:
FUNCTION
- Provides communication within the body via hormones and directs long-term change in other organ systems to maintain homeostasis.

A

ENDOCRINE

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9
Q

MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY:
FUNCTION
- Provides protection from injury and fluid loss and provides physical defense against infection by microorganisms; involved in temperature control.

A

INTEGUMENTARY

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10
Q

MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY:
FUNCTION
- Provides movement, support, and heat production

A

MUSCULAR

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11
Q

MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY:
FUNCTION
- Collects, transfers, and processes information and directs short-term change in other organ systems.

A

NERVOUS

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12
Q

MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY:
FUNCTION
- Produces gametes—sex cells—and sex hormones; ultimately produces offspring.

A

REPRODUCTIVE

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13
Q

MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY:
FUNCTION
- Delivers air to sites where gas exchange can occur.

A

RESPIRATORY

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14
Q

MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY:
FUNCTION
- Supports and protects soft tissues of the body; provides movement at joints; produces blood cells; and stores minerals.

A

SKELETAL

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15
Q

MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY:
FUNCTION
- Removes excess water, salts, and products from the blood and body and controls pH.

A

URINARY

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16
Q

MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY:
FUNCTION
- Defends against microbial pathogens—disease-causing agents—and other diseases.

A

IMMUNE

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17
Q

MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY:
ORGANS, TISSUES, AND STRUCTURES INVOLVED

  • Heart, Blood, and Blood vessels
A

CARDIOVASCULAR

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18
Q

MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY:
ORGANS, TISSUES, AND STRUCTURES INVOLVED

  • Lymph, Lymph nodes, and Lymph vessels
A

LYMPHATIC

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19
Q

MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY:
ORGANS, TISSUES, AND STRUCTURES INVOLVED

  • Mouth, Salivary glands, Esophagus, Stomach, Liver, Gallbladder, Exocrine pancreas, Small intestine, and Large intestine
A

DIGESTIVE

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20
Q

MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY:
ORGANS, TISSUES, AND STRUCTURES INVOLVED

  • Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Parathyroids, Endocrine pancreas, Adrenals, Testes, and Ovaries
A

ENDOCRINE

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21
Q

MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY:
ORGANS, TISSUES, AND STRUCTURES INVOLVED

  • Skin, Hair, and Nails
A

INTEGUMENTARY

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22
Q

MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY:
ORGANS, TISSUES, AND STRUCTURES INVOLVED

  • Skeletal, Cardiac, and Smooth muscles
A

MASCULAR

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23
Q

MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY:
ORGANS, TISSUES, AND STRUCTURES INVOLVED

  • Brain, Spinal corn, Nerves, and Sensory organs (eyes, ears, tongue, skin, and nose)
A

NERVOUS

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24
Q

MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY:
ORGANS, TISSUES, AND STRUCTURES INVOLVED

  • Fallopian tube, Uterus, Vagina, Ovaries, Mammary glands (female), Testes, Vascular deferens, Seminal vesicles, Prostate, and Penis (male)
A

REPRODUCTIVE

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25
MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY: ORGANS, TISSUES, AND STRUCTURES INVOLVED - Mouth, Nose, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs, and Diahragm
RESPIRATORY
26
MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY: ORGANS, TISSUES, AND STRUCTURES INVOLVED - Bones, Cartilage, Joints, Tendons, and Ligaments
SKELETAL
27
MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY: ORGANS, TISSUES, AND STRUCTURES INVOLVED - Kidneys, Uterus, Urinary bladder, and Urethra
URINARY
28
MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY: ORGANS, TISSUES, AND STRUCTURES INVOLVED - Leukocytes, Tonsils, Adenoids, Thymus, and Spleen
IMMUNE
29
SELECTED BRANCHES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
EMBRYOLOGY DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY HISTOLOGY SURFACE ANATOMY GROSS ANATOMY SYSTEMATIC ANATOMY REGIONAL ANATOMY RADIOGRAPHIC ANATOMY PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY NEUROPHYSIOLOGY ENDOCRINOLOGY CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY RENAL PHYSIOLOGY EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
30
SELECTED BRANCHES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY - Structures that emerge from the time of the fertilized egg through the eight week in utero.
EMBRYOLOGY
31
SELECTED BRANCHES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY - Structures that emerge from the time of the fertilized egg to the adult form.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
32
SELECTED BRANCHES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY - Microscopic structure of tissues.
HISTOLOGY
33
SELECTED BRANCHES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY - Anatomical landmarks on the surface of the body through visualization and palpitation.
SURFACE ANATOMY
34
SELECTED BRANCHES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY - Structures that can be examined without using a microscope.
GROSS ANATOMY
35
SELECTED BRANCHES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY - Structure of specific systems of the body such as the nervous or respiratory systems.
SYSTEMIC ANATOMY
36
SELECTED BRANCHES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY - Specific regions of the body such as the head or chest.
REGIONAL ANATOMY
37
SELECTED BRANCHES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY - Body structures that can be visualized with x-rays.
RADIOGRAPHIC ANATOMY
38
SELECTED BRANCHES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY - Structural changes (from gross to microscopic) associated with disease.
PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY
39
SELECTED BRANCHES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY - Functional properties of nerve cells.
NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
40
SELECTED BRANCHES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY - Hormones (chemical regulators in the blood) and how they control body functions.
ENDOCRINOLOGY
41
SELECTED BRANCHES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY - Functions of the heart and blood vessels.
CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY
42
SELECTED BRANCHES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY - How the body defends itself against disease-causing agents.
IMMUNOLOGY
43
SELECTED BRANCHES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY - Functions of the air passageways and lungs.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY
44
SELECTED BRANCHES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY - Functions of the kidneys.
RENAL PHYSIOLOGY
45
SELECTED BRANCHES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY - Changes in cell and organ functions as a result of muscular activity.
EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY
46
SELECTED BRANCHES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY - Functional changes associated with disease and aging.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
47
Growth and development Respond to the environment Cellular structure & composition Metabolism energy from chemical reactions Homeostasis stable inner conditions Heredity of traits Reproduce offspring
CHARACTERISTIC OF LIFE
48
A characteristic of all living systems is ______________, or the maintenance of stable, internal conditions within specific limits.
HOMEOSTASIS
49
STIMULUS — Sensor — Control — Effector
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK LOOP
50
Type of regulation in biological systems in which the end product of a process in turn reduces the stimulus of that same process.
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK MECHANISM
51
A feedback mechanism resulting in the amplification or growth of the output signal.
POSITIVE FEEDBACK MECHANISM
52
TYPES OF BUILD
ECTOMORPH MESOMORPH ENDOMORPH
53
TYPES OF BUILD - A form of opposite of the Endomorph. Physically, they tend to have: Narrow shoulders and hips, A thin and narrow face with a high forehead, A thin and narrow chest and abdomen, Very little body fat, and Thin legs and arms.
ECTOMORPH
54
TYPES OF BUILD - Somewhere between the round endomorph and the thin ectomorph. Physically they have the more ‘desirable’ body and have: Large head, Broad shoulders, and Narrow waist (wedge-shaped); Muscular body, with strong forearms and thighs; Very little body fat, Genetically gifted; greatest body building potential; Long torso, full chest, good shoulder to waist ratio.
MESOMORPH
55
TYPES OF BUILD - Physically quite round, and is typified as the ‘barrel of fun’ person. They tend to have: Wide hips and narrow shoulders, which makes them rather pear-shaped; Quite a lot of fat spread across the body, including upper arms and thighs; They have quite slim ankles and wrists, which only serves to accentuate the fatty other parts; Wide bone structure; Slower metabolism; Weight gain is easy, though fat loss is difficult; Tends to store fat, which hides muscle gains.
ENDOMORPH
56
BASIC MECHANISM OF DISEASE - It refer to organism capable of causing disease in its host.
PATHOGENIC ORGANISMS
57
BASIC MECHANISM OF DISEASE - The result of a continuous process based in degenerative cell changes, affecting tissues or organs, which will increasingly deteriorate over time. Sometime the main or partial cause behind such disease is genetic.
DEGENERATIVE
58
BASIC MECHANISM OF DISEASE - A new, often uncontrolled growth of abnormal tissue; tumor.
NEOPLASM
59
BASIC MECHANISM OF DISEASE - A disorder can happen when abnormal chemical reactions in the. body alter the normal metabolic process. It can also be defined as inherited single gene anomaly, most of which are autosomal recessive.
METABOLIC DISEASE
60
BASIC MECHANISM OF DISEASE - It is caused by ingestion of a poison. Ex. Inhalation of carbon monoxide from automobile exhaust in an enclosed garage may cause tissue hypoxia.
TOXIC DISEASE
61
BASIC MECHANISM OF DISEASE - It originate in the mind, having an emotional or psychologic origin in relation to a symptoms.
PSYCHOGENIC DISEASE
62
BASIC MECHANISM OF DISEASE - It is caused by physical injury.
TRAUMATIC DISEASE
63
BASIC MECHANISM OF DISEASE - It result when an individual’s diet is inadequate in terms of the amount or type of proteins, essential amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, minerals or water.
NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY
64
BASIC MECHANISM OF DISEASE - Result from the activity or treatments of physicians or other health-care providers.
IATROGENIC DISEASE
65
BASIC MECHANISM OF DISEASE - Refer to disorders whose causes are yet unknown.
IDIOPATHIC DISEASE
66
BASIC MECHANISM OF DISEASE - Present at birth
CONGENITAL DISEASE
67
BASIC MECHANISM OF DISEASE - Results from excessive or inadequate levels of hormones production.
ENDOCRINE DISEASE
68
CLINICAL APPLICATION - Examination with the hands, feeling for organs, masses or infiltration of a part of the body, feeling the heart or pulse beat or vibrations in the chest.
PALPATIONS
69
CLINICAL APPLICATION - Listening ti the internal sounds of the body, usually using a stethoscope.
AUSCULTATIONS
70
CLINICAL APPLICATION - The act or technique of tapping the surface of a body part to learn the condition of the parts beneath by the resulting sound.
PERCUSSION
71
CLINICAL APPLICATION - Incorporates an assessment pf the function and interplay of both sensory and motor pathways. It is simple yet informative and can give important insights into the integrity of the nervous system at many different levels.
REFLEX TESTING
72
SELECTED DISEASE TERMINOLOGIES - Study of the essential nature of diseases and especially of the structural and functional changes produced by them.
PATHOLOGY
73
SELECTED DISEASE TERMINOLOGIES - Medical specialty that is concerned with the diagnosis of disease based on the laboratory analysis of bodily fluids such as blood and urine, as well as tissues, using the tools of chemistry, clinical microbiology, hematology and molecular pathology.
ANATOMIC PATHOLOGY
74
SELECTED DISEASE TERMINOLOGIES - Cause of a disease or the science that deals with such causes.
ETIOLOGY
75
SELECTED DISEASE TERMINOLOGIES - Abnormal condition of an organism which interrupts the normal bodily functions that often leads to feeling of pain and weakness, and usually associated with symptoms and signs.
DISEASE
76
SELECTED DISEASE TERMINOLOGIES - The sequence of events that leads from cause, to structural and functional abnormalities and finally to manifestation of disease.
PATHOGENESIS
77
SELECTED DISEASE TERMINOLOGIES - Any objective evidence of disease.
SIGN
78
SELECTED DISEASE TERMINOLOGIES - A subjective evidence of disease
SYMPTOMS
79
SELECTED DISEASE TERMINOLOGIES - An aftereffect of a disease, condition, or injury.
SEQUELA
80
SELECTED DISEASE TERMINOLOGIES - It connotes an illness that is of shirt duration, rapidly progressive, and in need of urgent care.
ACUTE DISEASE
81
SELECTED DISEASE TERMINOLOGIES - It is one that lasts 3 months or more.
CHRONIC DISEASE
82
SELECTED DISEASE TERMINOLOGIES - A branch of medical science that deals with the incidence, distribution, and control of disease in a population.
EPIDEMIOLOGY
83
SELECTED DISEASE TERMINOLOGIES - Native to or limited to a certain region.
ENDEMIC
84
SELECTED DISEASE TERMINOLOGIES - The occurrence if more cases of a disease than would being a community or region during a given time period. (ex. a sudden severe outbreak of a disease such as SARS)
EPIDEMIC
85
SELECTED DISEASE TERMINOLOGIES - A disease which occurs in single and scattered cases.
SPORADIC
86
SELECTED DISEASE TERMINOLOGIES - An outbreak of a disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects an exceptionally high proportion of the population.
PANDEMIC
87
SELECTED DISEASE TERMINOLOGIES - The gradual recovery of health and strength after illness or injury.
CONVALESCENCE
88
SELECTED DISEASE TERMINOLOGIES - A prediction of the course of a disease following its onset. It refers to the possible outcomes of a disease and the frequency with which they can be expected to occur.
PROGNOSIS
89
SELECTED DISEASE TERMINOLOGIES - Refers to having a disease or a symptom of disease, or to the amount of disease within a population. It also refers to medical problems caused by a treatment.
MORBIDITY
90
SELECTED DISEASE TERMINOLOGIES - The number of deaths on a given area, or from a particular cause.
MORTALITY
91
SELECTED DISEASE TERMINOLOGIES - A postmortem examination to discover the cause of death or the extent of disease.
AUTOPSY

HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY WITH PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (2 decks)

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