Module 1 Flashcards
(92 cards)
1
Q
“An unexamined life is not worth living”
A
Socrates
2
Q
Prized student of Socrates
A
Plato
3
Q
Compiled the teachings and philosophies of Socrates
A
Plato
4
Q
One of the students of Plato
A
Aristotle
5
Q
“Humans are the highest form of animals”
A
Aristotle
6
Q
Follower of Charles Darwin
A
Aristotle
7
Q
Christian philosopher who believes: “To understand ourselves, we have to put God in the center of our existence”
A
Augustine
8
Q
Famous to his dictum “Cogito, ergo sum” or “I think, therefore I am”
A
Descartes
9
Q
“Our mind at work is like a blank slate or a tabula rasa”
A
Locke
10
Q
“We’re the ones who construct our self”
A
Kant
11
Q
“There is no such thing as self”
A
Hume
12
Q
“Human beings are innately good”
A
Rousseau
13
Q
Whose anaxagoras is the greatest ignorance
A
Philosopher famous for his discovery of eclipses
14
Q
Greatest Ignorance
A
Ignorance of oneself
15
Q
Nature of Human Existence
A
Lifelong journey of attaining happiness
16
Q
Mother of all disciplines
A
Philosophy
17
Q
Who coined the term Philosophy?
A
Pythagoras
18
Q
Philosophy originated from this Greek word that means “love of wisdom”
A
philosophia
19
Q
People who pursue wisdom through thinking and reasoning
A
Philosophers
20
Q
Unified being, essentially connected to consciousness, awareness, and agency
A
The Self
21
Q
Under the compositions of self: present characteristics
A
Actual self
22
Q
Under the compositions of self: future self, what we want to become
A
Ideal self
23
Q
Under the compositions of self: characteristics known to others
A
Potential self
24
Q
First moral philosopher
A
Socrates
25
One of the founders of Western philosophy
Socrates
26
Motivating force of a person is to “know thyself”
Socrates
27
Self is synonymous with the ___.
Who said this?
"soul"
Socrates
28
Socratic method; evaluation and reflection of existence
Introspection
29
What are the dichotomous realms said by Socrates?
Physical and Ideal
30
“Self is an immortal soul”
Plato
31
Socrates’ prized student who thoroughly expounded on Socrates ideas of self
Plato
32
Founder of Academy in Athes
Plato
33
One of the philosophers who acknowledged the presence and existence of hereditary factors (innate faculty)
Plato
34
What are the 3 parts of soul or self as said by Plato?
1. Reason / Rational Soul
2. Physical Appetite / Appetitive Soul
3. Spirit / Passion / Spiritual Soul
35
Under the 3 parts of soul: the Rational Soul is located on the ___
head
36
Under the 3 parts of soul: the Appetitive Soul is located on the ___
abdomen
37
Under the 3 parts of soul: the Spiritual Soul is located on the ___
chest
38
What theory is the 3 parts of soul or self is it applicable?
Sigmund Freud; classification of types of personality
39
“Soul is the essence of self; however, without the body, the soul cannot exist”
Aristotle
40
First systematic philosophical view whose writings integrate biological, psychological, social, and political dimensions of life
Aristotle
41
Naturalistic; doesn't believe that self is solely governed by soul
Aristotle
42
Pioneer of Biology
Aristotle
43
Follower of Charles Darwin
Aristotle
44
“Man as rational animal”
Aristotle
45
What are the 3 kinds of soul as said by Aristotle?
1. Vegetative
2. Sentient
3. Rational
46
Under the 3 kinds of soul: part of physical body that can grow
Vegetative
47
Under the 3 kinds of soul: Emotions, feelings, desires
Sentient
48
Under the 3 kinds of soul: What makes man human
Rational
49
“I think, therefore I am” (Cogito, ergo sum)
Rene Descartes
50
Father of Modern Philosophy
Rene Descartes
51
Promoted the development of new perspective grounded in observation and experimentation
Rene Descartes
52
Rationalist; more scientific, non-existence of the soul
Rene Descartes
53
Who believes on the philosophy "Cartesian Dualism"
Rene Descartes
54
Philosophy where brain and mind are separate entities and the brain serves as connection between mind and body
Cartesian Dualism
55
What are the 2 dimensions of Human Self by Rene Descartes?
1. Thinking Self
| 2. Physical Body
56
Under the 2 dimensions of human self: considered as the soul; non-material, immortal, conscious being, and independent of the physical laws of universe
Thinking Self
57
Under the 2 dimensions of human self: material, mortal, non-thinking entity, fully governed by the physical laws of nature
Physical Body
58
“The self is consciousness”
John Locke
59
First to define self through a continuity of consciousness
John Locke
60
Postulated that at birth, the human mind is “tabula rasa” or blank slate
John Locke
61
Believed about the influence of environmental factors
John Locke
62
Empiricist; experience before gaining knowledge
John Locke
63
"We have to compensate our inferiority feelings to strive for perfection of ourselves"
Alfred Adler
64
“We construct the self”
Immanuel Kant
65
Man is responsible for creation and construction of own self and identity
Immanuel Kant
66
Identity is based on summation or totality of decisions we made in the past
Immanuel Kant
67
Kant is a follower of ____ where knowledge is only attained through the senses
empiricism
68
Kant postulated ___ where reason is the foundation of all knowledge than experience
rationalism
69
Known for lack of self-theory
David Hume
70
Empiricist who believes there is no self
David Hume
71
Descartes: What we know about ourselves is just _________ that we have made to ourselves and others
a collection of different impressions
72
Under Hume: Everything that originates from our senses
Impression
73
Under Hume: Faint images of thinking and reasoning based on impression
Ideas
74
Assertion that property we can sense are only real parts of an object
Bundle theory
75
“The idea of personal identity is a result of imagination”
David Hume
76
“Man is inherently good at birth”
Jean Jaques Rousseau
77
“Man is not born evil at birth”
Thomas Hobbes
78
Proposed to change and transform man into law abiding citizen through formal education to instill moral character
Thomas Hobbes
79
Atheist philosopher and an existentialist
Jean Paul Sartre
80
One of the founders and distributers of field of Psychology
Jean Paul Sartre
81
With freedom attached to human existence, he should be fully responsible for his own destiny
Jean Paul Sartre
82
Believed that ourselves is product of decisions we made in the past
Jean Paul Sartre
83
“I am doubting, therefore I am”
St. Augustine
84
Believes it is great necessity that we acknowledge presence of God
St. Augustine
85
Self has an immortal soul
St. Augustine
86
“Love of self should be above all human values”
Ayn Rand
87
"The soul is said to be constituted of the physical, emotional and spiritual self"
Plato
88
"We are afraid to be hurt that will result to limiting our freedom and not living our life to the fullest"
Sartre
89
According to Socrates, there are prerequisites to a happy and meaningful life
Self knowledge and virtue
90
Emphasized free-will in human existence
Sartre
91
Locke: Identity is tied with our ____, which to him is the perception of what passes in a man's own mind. Compromises our memories of experiences which gives us our identity
Consciousness
92
Soul and body are functioning complementarily, not separated from each other
Aristotle
