Module 1

Question 1

3 ways biochemists study biological organisms

Answer 1

1) relationship between structure and function of biomolecules
2) chemical reaction of organisms (metabolism)
3) communication within and among organisms

Question 2

Definition of Biochemistry

Answer 2

how properties of organisms relate to their molecules; Chemistry of life

Question 3

Another name for Fireflies

Answer 3

Lightning Bug

Question 4

Is Li an element common in biological organisms

Answer 4

No

Question 5

Bulk vs Trace elements examples

Answer 5

Bulk: (C, O, N, S, H, Na, P, S, Cl, K, Ca)
Trace: (Mg, Cr, Fe, V, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Mo, I, W)

Question 6

Different bond angles

Answer 6

Linear (180) *Carbon dioxide

Trigonal Planar (120)

Trigonal Pyramidal (107.5) *Nitrogen atoms

Tetrahedral (109.5)

Question 7

Medium of life

Answer 7

Water

Question 8

Are transitional metals commonly found in biological organisms

Answer 8

yes, they are trace elements

Question 9

Angle of water

Answer 9

bent shape, 104.5

Question 10

T or F
water can make up 85% (by mass) of a living organism

Answer 10

T; two components of water makes up 70% or more of living things

Question 11

T or F
Large elements tend to make the strongest covalent bonds

Answer 11

F; smaller elements tend to make stronger due to significant overlap

Question 12

Organic Chemistry vs Inorganic Chemistry

Answer 12

Organic Chemistry: study of carbon-based compounds
Inorganic Chemistry: study of all other compounds, including metals, minerals, and other non-organic compounds

Question 13

is H20 an organic molecule

Answer 13

No, no carbon

Question 14

is CO2 organic compounds

Answer 14

Yes

Question 15

C100H202 organic?

Answer 15

yes

Question 16

Describe some characteristics of Carbon

Answer 16

• 4 valence electrons
• forms long bonds (polymers)
• forms rings
• forms double and triple bonds
• bonds with other atoms (NOH)

Question 17

Polymers

Answer 17

long chains of carbon

Question 18

Alkane

Answer 18

Straight chains compounds with only C and H atoms

Question 19

1 carbon alkane

Answer 19

methane
Chemical: CH4
Condensed: CH4

Question 20

2 carbon alkane

Answer 20

Ethane
Chemical: C2H6
Condensed: CH3CH3

Question 21

3 carbon alkane

Answer 21

Propane
Chemical: CH3H8
Condensed: CH3CH2CH3

Question 22

4 carbon alkane

Answer 22

Butane
Chemical: CH4H10
Condensed: CH3CH2CH2CH3

Question 23

5 carbon alkane

Answer 23

Pentane
Chemical:C5H12
Condensed: CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3

Question 24

Chemical Formula and Condensed for 6-carbon alkane, hexane

Answer 24

Chemical: C6H14
Condensed: CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3

Question 25

Ways to draw Organic Molecules

Answer 25

1) Chemical Formulas 2) Condensed Formula 3) Kukule or Structural Formulas 4) Line bond Formulas

Question 26

Functional group

Answer 26

Specific arrangement of atoms; define chemistry of molecule and control properties of compound

Question 27

What functional groups are found in glycine?

Answer 27

Carboxylic acid and amine

Question 28

Supramolecular complex

Answer 28

two or more macromolecules to form a larger complex (e.g. cell wall.

Question 29

Monomer of proteins

Answer 29

Amino acids

Question 30

Monomer CHO

Answer 30

sugar/monosaccharide

Question 31

Monomer of DNA

Answer 31

nucleotide

Question 32

Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes

Answer 32

Prokaryotes--> simple structure with no organelles Eukaryotes--> true nucleus and organelles; larger than prokaryotes

Question 33

Bacteria vs Archaea

Answer 33

Bacteria and Archaea are both simple cells with no organelle structure Archaea live in extreme conditions such as hot springs and arctic

Question 34

Function of mitochondria

Answer 34

powerhouse of cell; produces ATP

Question 35

Function of lysosomes

Answer 35

degrade macromolecules (protein, lipid, carbohydrates, nucleic acid) into smaller pieces; organelle has acidic pH

Question 36

Function of vacuoles

Answer 36

has digestive enzymes to degrade proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids, and function as storage center

Question 37

Energy molecule produced by mitochondria

Answer 37

ATP (adenosine triphosphate )