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ITC AAAA > MODULE 1 > Flashcards

MODULE 1 Flashcards

1
Q

a device that you can describe to be a combination of
electromechanical and electronic components. It does three things: accepts
structured input processes according to prescribed rules and produces the
result as output,

A

Computer

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2
Q

Instructions and data are stored in the computer in
machine-readable form to enable the processing of data electronically, a
process more commonly known as

A

electronic data processing (EDP)

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3
Q

(EDP)

A

electronic data processing

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4
Q

The purpose of a computer system is to convert data into information. A
computer system is a combination of six elements. These are:

A
  1. Hardware
  2. Software
  3. Data/Information
  4. Procedures
  5. People
  6. Communications
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5
Q

are said to be the largest and most powerful among computers. A
supercomputer is a term to mean the biggest of these mainframes. Usually,
these are found only in large corporate institutions, organizations dealing in
research, some government agencies, and even tertiary institutions.

A

Mainframes

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6
Q

also referred to as thin clients, are called dumb terminals
sometimes. The mainframe does all the processing while users input
commands or data and remotely access the mainframe. You can download the
requested information from the mainframe, thus the term dumb terminals, since
there is little computing capacity done on their own.

A

Network computer

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7
Q

Network computer
also called

A

dumb terminals

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8
Q

users refer to it as desktop computers. It is composed of
different peripherals such as mouse, keyboard, CPU, display unit, and installed
with software application packages.

A

Personal computers

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9
Q

Personal computers
also called

A

Desktop Computers

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10
Q

belongs to the category of personal computers comprised of an
integrated circuit and is commonly called a notebook computer. It has a
touchpad for pointing and clicking instead of a mouse. The screen is on the lid.
A separate speaker is also not needed for audio.

A

Laptop

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11
Q

Laptop also called

A

notebook computer

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12
Q

is a mobile gadget, typically with a mobile operating system, a
rechargeable battery in a single thin package, and a touchscreen display
processing circuitry.

A

Tablets and Smartphones

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13
Q

the four essential functions of a computer
system are

A

input, process, output, and storage.

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14
Q

Capabilities of Computers

A

Computers can perform arithmetic and logical operations.

Computers can store or remember a vast amount and variety of
information and retrieve or recall the information needed almost
instantly.

Computers can handle large volumes of repetitive tasks accurately over
long periods

Computers can communicate with their operators and other machines
in the form of printed output or messages

Computers are capable of remote processing.

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15
Q

Limitations of Computers

A

Computers are still subject to human direction and control. They can
only function when users provide input data and the necessary
instructions to process the information.

Computers can detect but generally cannot correct an inaccurate entry
on their own.

Computers are subject to occasional breakdown or computer
malfunctions

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16
Q

John Napier invents

A

Napier’s bones

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17
Q

Who invented Napier’s bones

A

John Napier

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18
Q

a manual computing invention for calculating number quotas. (from 1-9 specifically)

A

Napier’s bones

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19
Q

made the first mechanical computer, using a mechanism called ‘toothed wheels’. His computer was called the Computer clock because the mechanism used was the same that was used in watches back in the old days.

A

Wilhelm Shickard

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20
Q

first mechanical computer, using a mechanism called ‘toothed wheels’.

A

Computer clock

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21
Q

invented the barometer— a computational machine he made for his father to help him calculate taxes.

A

Blaise Pascal

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22
Q

Blaise Pascal what he invented?

A

barometer
Pascal’s calculator (Pascaline)

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23
Q

device could perform basic arithmetic operations like addition and subtraction using wheels numbered from zero to nine.

A

barometer

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24
Q

perfected the binary system

A

Gottfried Leibniz

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25
Q

Gottfried Leibniz

A

binary system

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26
Q

continued Pascal’s work and created a more advanced computational device capable of performing multiplication through repeated assembly (repeated addition, subtraction or any other operation basically)

A

Gottfried Leibniz

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27
Q

used a perforated paper loop in a weaving war to reproduce a template on a fabric.

A

Basile Bouchon

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28
Q

Basile Bouchon

A

used a perforated paper loop in a weaving war to reproduce a template on a fabric.

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29
Q

Bouchon’s collaborator, improved his invention by creating a semi-automatic weaver which used perforated cards that are caught together.

A

Jean-Baptiste Falcon

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30
Q

Jean-Baptiste Falcon

A

Bouchon’s collaborator, improved his invention by creating a semi-automatic weaver which used perforated cards that are caught together.

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31
Q

conducts his lightning and kite experiment to prove a connection between lightning and electricity.

A

Benjamin Franklin

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32
Q

invented the first semi-automatic weaving war using the concept of punching cards to weave patterns onto a canvas. This invention becomes the substratum for programmable machines.

A

Joseph Marie Jacquard

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33
Q

Joseph Marie Jacquard

A

invented the first semi-automatic weaving war using the concept of punching cards to weave patterns onto a canvas. This invention becomes the substratum for programmable machines.

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34
Q

Created the electric dynamite, which is able to obtain and store electricity in a practical way.

A

Michael Faraday

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35
Q

Michael Faraday

A

Created the electric dynamite, which is able to obtain and store electricity in a practical way.

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36
Q

Designed the analytical engine, which was a complex general-purpose mechanical computer

A

Charles Babbage

37
Q

Charles Babbage

A

Designed the analytical engine, which was a complex general-purpose mechanical computer

38
Q

Published the article called “An Investigation into the Law of Thought”, which p much led to boolean algebra and created the groundwork for a new kind of logic, mathematical logic, it was called.

A

George Boole

39
Q

George Boole

A

Published the article called “An Investigation into the Law of Thought”, which p much led to boolean algebra and created the groundwork for a new kind of logic, mathematical logic, it was called.

40
Q

Introduced Boolean Algebra to the US.
Introduced the concept of Inductive reasoning, mathematical induction and logical inference

A

Charles Sanders Pierce

41
Q

Charles Sanders Pierce

A

Introduced Boolean Algebra to the US.
Introduced the concept of Inductive reasoning, mathematical induction and logical inference

42
Q

The process of deriving logical conclusions from premises known to be true

A

Logical inference

43
Q

Logical inference

A

The process of deriving logical conclusions from premises known to be true

44
Q

“iNvEnTeD” the light bulb.

A

Thomas Edison and Joseph Swan

45
Q

The first power generation station was opened on

A

pearl street, lower manhattan in New York

46
Q

pearl street, lower manhattan in New York, 1882

A

The first power generation station was opened on

47
Q

Created the mechanical tabs that used perforated holes to calculate the census of the US,

A

Herman Hollerith

48
Q

Herman Hollerith

A

Created the mechanical tabs that used perforated holes to calculate the census of the US,

49
Q

(1924)Hollerith’s company joins with other companies to form

A

IBM corporation

50
Q

IBM corporation

A

International Business Machine corporation

51
Q

invents cars named after him. Apparently they are capable of performing mathematical problems based on arithmetic procedure.

A

Alan Turing

52
Q

will eventually be the base for modern computers.

A

Turing machines

53
Q

created the first digital electronic computer with help from Clifford Berry

A

John V. Atanasoff & Clifford Berry

54
Q

ENIAC

A

Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer

55
Q

the first fully programmable digital computer

A

British Colossus Computer

56
Q

British Colossus Computer

A

the first fully programmable digital computer

57
Q

British Colossus Computer invented by

A

Tommy Flower

58
Q

architecture where input device stores data in the CPU wherein it is regulated by the Control Unit and the Arithmetic Logic Unit into and out of the memory unit to be displayed through the output device.

A

Von Neumann Architecture

59
Q

A renowned mathematician and computer pioneer, talks about the ability of a computer to store programs on the logical design of an electronic tool.
Most modern computers are modeled off his architecture

A

John Von Neumann

60
Q

John Von Neumann

A

created Von Neumann Architecture

61
Q

Designed by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert of the University of Pennsylvania

A

ENIAC - Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer

62
Q

ENIAC - Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer made by who?

A

Designed by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert of the University of Pennsylvania

63
Q

was the first general purpose PC that could be reprogrammed to solve different kinds of problems.

A

ENIAC - Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer

64
Q

first pc that was made with the binary system

A

Baby

65
Q

the first commercial-data processing machine

A

UNIVAC1 (Universal Automatic Computer)

66
Q

UNIVAC1 (Universal Automatic Computer) made by who?

A

John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert

67
Q

founded CDC

A

Seymour Cray and William Noris

68
Q

CDC

A

(Control Data Corporation)

69
Q

invents the first transistor

A

Bell Labs

70
Q

Bell Labs

A

invents the first transistor

71
Q

invent the first game called Spacewar!

A

Stephen Russel, Martin Graetz and Wayne Wiitanen

72
Q

Stephen Russel, Martin Graetz and Wayne Wiitanen

A

invent the first game called Spacewar!

73
Q

invent the mouse

A

Douglas Engelbart and Bill Englis

74
Q

Douglas Engelbart and Bill Englis

A

invent the mouse

75
Q

becomes the fastest computer

A

CDC 6600

76
Q

Designs a new communication network called ARPANET

A

-Paul Baran

77
Q

-Paul Baran

A

Designs a new communication network called ARPANET

78
Q

ARPANET

A

Advanced Research Projects Agency Network

79
Q

Provides three services- Remote login, file transfer protocol and remote printing.

A

ARPANET

80
Q

Create the TCP Transmission Control Protocol to replace the NCP (Network Control Protocol) used by ARPANET

A

Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn

81
Q

Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn

A

Create the TCP Transmission Control Protocol to replace the NCP (Network Control Protocol) used by ARPANET

82
Q

TCP

A

Transmission Control Protocol

83
Q

NCP

A

(Network Control Protocol)

84
Q

the first Computer with graphical interface

A

Xerox Alto

85
Q

Xerox Alto created by

A

Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn

86
Q

an 8-bit processor with a 14-bit memory capable of processing 16 kb of ram

A

8008 processor

87
Q

was a microcomputer that was sold as a kit to build a computer at home

A

Altair 8800

88
Q

First PC to be successfully sold.

A

Altair 8800

ITC AAAA (2 decks)

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