Module 1 Flashcards by Stephen Parris

What are the two descriptions of bucket capacities?

Heaped and Struck

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The maximum capacity of the bucket with material heaped above the edges

Heaped capacity

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The capacity of a bucket filled to the level of the rim- water carrying capacity

Struck capacity

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The factor used to compensate for the swell of soil volume

Load factor

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The formula for load factor is

bank volume /bank volume+swell %

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The formula for compacted volume of material is

Bank Volume -shrinkage%=compacted CY volume

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A ____________ roller is effective in compacting a wide trench that has no crosslines

Sheepsfoot

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A __________ roller is effective in a narrow trench and for compacting around crosslines

Hoe- mounted vibratory

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A ________ is a small stake driven into the ground to identify a reference point

Hub

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The distance shown on the reference stake is a horizontal distance from the hub to the ______ or ________ to begin

Cut or fill

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_________ rise is expressed in units compared to a _________ distance of 100 units

Vertical and Horizontal
a 5% slope will rise 5 vertical feet in a horizontal distance of 100 ft

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A __________ angle is a 100% slope

45
if the rise is equal to the run, the slope is 100%

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To calculate slope as a percent, divide_______ by the the ___________

Vertical rise by the horizontal distance

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The level of the underground water is known as the ___________

Water table

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The water table varies in depth from ____________

Season to season

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Groundwater creates problems for the utility contractor as it ________

Creates unstable soil that is dangerous to work in and cannot be used as backfill

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A ________ can be used to lower the groundwater table in bad groundwater conditions

well point system

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A _____ is the length of a trench a backhoe can excavate in one position

Set

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A set can be further broken down into ____________

Digging cycles

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To calculate the time required to excavate a set divide_______

Volume of dirt in set/dirt removed per cycle= digging cycles per set
Digging cycles per set Average cycle time= time required to excavate a set

To calculate backhoe production rates, the ________ of the bucket must be considered

Heaped capacity

The two most common methods of compaction are ____ and _____

Puddling (water settling- washed gravel or sand) and a combination of weight and vibration

________ is the easiest compaction method

Puddling

Manholes are used to _______

Change direction of Iines and at intersections of lines from different directions

Push scrapers are used on _________

extremely large earth moving projects

A self loading scraper is more productive in hard or muddy soil when assisted ________

By a dozer pushing on the push blocks at the rear of the bowl

Road graders work to very close tolerances and are used primarily for _______

trimming the cut and fill area and processing material

______________ is the hardest part of a graders work

Finish blading

_______ can be used for light clearing and grubbing, maintaining haul roads and finish grading

Graders

__________ uses are residential/commercial foundations, fine grading, trench backfill, landscaping, light logging, swamp dozing

Light utility dozer

________ dozer applications include trench backfill, logging, road building, land leveling, light duty ripping, tree and stump removal, and short distance production dozing

Mid-sized production

_______ dozer applications include production dozing, ripping, push scrapper work and road building

Heavyweight

If a dozer operator does not lift, tilt and angle the blade properly most of the load ______

will be lost before getting to its destination

_______ convert engine power and machine weight more efficiently than rubber tires on dirt surfaces

Crawler tracks

A _____ will work in soft soil while a ____ will bog down

track dozer ; wheeled machine

There are two common dozer blade positions ________ and _________

Dozing position- blade at 90 degrees to the line of travel and angle dozing position

Whenever possible, align the the direction of dozer travel with the ___

Blade dump area

Rows of spoil created by part of a load lost off the blade of a dozer are called _______

windrows

You can reduce the amount of load lost while dozing by _________

slot dozing

"A" blade dozing allows the dozer to ___________

sidecast material and position it at 90 degrees to the line of travel

A ________ grade is an uphill slope

Positive

A _______ grade is a downhill slope

Negative

The blade load capacity of a dozer _____ when a load is pushed down a negative slope of 40 degrees

Doubles

The blade load capacity of a dozer _____ when a load is pushed up a positive slope of 40 degrees

Is cut in half

The contractor shall submit a blasting plan to the engineer within _______ after each shot.

24 hours after

_________ is a condition of wrinkling, bubbling or ridging turf following installation

Buckling

The test for septic systems to determine the soil is ________

Perk test (percolation test)

_________ is the loosening of soil

Swell