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ANA 209 > Module 1 > Flashcards

Module 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Anatomy

A

The study of the structural basis of body function

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2
Q

Physiology

A

The study of the functional relevance of a structure

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3
Q

Functional morphology

A

The study of anatomy (structure) of organs functional and the reasons behind it

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4
Q

Gross anatomy

A

The study of structure visible to the naked eye

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5
Q

Surface anatomy

A

The external structure of the body

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6
Q

Radiological anatomy

A

The study of internal structure using X-rays and other imaging techniques

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7
Q

Systemic anatomy

A

The study of one organ system at a time

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8
Q

Regional anatomy

A

The study of multiple organ systems at once in body given region

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9
Q

Histology

A

Microscopic anatomy

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10
Q

Histopathology

A

The microscopic analysis of diseased tissue

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11
Q

Cytology

A

The study of structure and function of individual cells

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12
Q

Ultra structure

A

The structure at the molecular level

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13
Q

Inspection

A

Looking at the body

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14
Q

Palpitation

A

Feeling a structure with the hands

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15
Q

Auscultation

A

Listening to sounds made by the body

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16
Q

Percussion

A

Tapping on the body to feel for abnormal resistance, listening to the emitted sounds

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17
Q

Dissection

A

Cutting, separating tissues

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18
Q

Exploratory surgery

A

Opening the body to see what is wrong and what can be done

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19
Q

Medical imaging

A

Viewing inside the body without surgery

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20
Q

Radiology

A

A branch of medicine concerned with imaging

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21
Q

Radiography

A

Photographing internal structures with X-rays

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22
Q

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

A high-resolution technique that uses a magnetic field instead of X-rays

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23
Q

Computed tomography (CT scan)

A

Imaging thin “slices” of the body using X-rays

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24
Q

Dynamic spatial reconstructor (dsr)

A

A modified CT scanner that produces 3D video images to show motive and volume changes

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25
Position emission tomography (PET scan)
Allows for the visualization the metabolic state of a tissue using glucose
26
Sonography
Uses ultrasound waves visualize internal organsm
27
Lowest level of human structure
Atoms
28
Second-lowest level of human structure
Molecules
29
Third - lowest level of human structure
Organelles
30
Fourth-lowest level of human structure
Cells
31
Fifth-lowest level of human anatomy
Tissues
32
Sixth-lowest level of human anatomy
Organs
33
Seventh-lowest level of human anatomy (second-highest)
Organ system
34
Highest level of human anatomy
Organism
35
Anatomical position
Person standing bright with arms at sides and palms facing forward
36
Supine
Lying face up (on back)
37
Prone
Lying face down (on belly)
38
Saggital Plane
Divides the body or organ into right and left portions
39
Midsaggital Plane
Passes through the midline of the body; divides the body into right and left halves
40
Parasagittal Plane
Divide the body into unequal right and left portions
41
Frontal (Coronal) Plane
Divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions
42
Transverse (axial, horizontal) plane
Passes through body or organ perpendicular to its long axis; divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions
43
Anterior
Toward the front of the body
44
Posterior
Toward the back of the body
45
Ventral
Toward the anterior side
46
Dorsal
Toward the posterior side
47
Superior
Above
48
Inferior
Below
49
Cephalic
Toward the head or superior end
50
Rostral
Toward the forehead or nose
51
Caudal
Toward the tail or inferior end
52
Medial
Toward the midline of the body
53
Lateral
Away from the midline of body
54
Proximal
Closer to the point of attachment or origin
55
Distal
Farther from the point of attachment or origin
56
Ipsilateral
On the same side of the body (right or left)
57
Contralateral
On opposite sides of the body (right and left)
58
Superficial
Closer to the body surface
59
Deep
Farther farther form the body surface
60
Axial
Consists of head, neck (cervical region), and trunk
61
Thoracic Region
Above the diaphragm
62
Abdominal region
Below the diaphragm
63
Appendicular Region
Consists of upper and lower limbs
64
Segment
Region of limb from one joint to the next
65
Membrane
A thin sheet of tissue
66
Viscera
Membranes the enfold or surround internal organs
67
Cranial Cavity
Enclosed by cranial bones, contains the brain
68
Vertebral Canal
Enclosed by vertebral column, contains spinal cord
69
Mediastinum
Space between lungs, occupied by heart, major vessels, esophagus, trachea, bronchitis, thymus
70
Pericardium
- Outer fibrous pericardium - Inner serous pericardium
71
Pericardial Cavity
Between the two layers of the serous pericardium *Lubricated by the thin film of pericardial Fluid
72
Pleura
- Inner visceral pleura (surface of the lungs) - Outer parietal pleura (Lines inside of the rib cage) * between the layers of the pleural cavity, there is pleural fluid
73
Abdominopelvic cavity
Consists of the abdominal cavity superiorly and the pelvic cavity inferiorly
74
Abdominal Cavity
- Contains most digestive organs, spleen, kidneys, ureters - Extends inferiorly to the brim of the pelvis
75
Pelvic Cavity
- Is continuous with the abdominal cavity, but below the rim, and is narrower - Contains the rectum, urinary bladder, urethra, reproductive organs
76
Peritoneum
- Parietal peritoneum lines the body walls - Visceral peritoneum enfolds and suspends the abdominal viscera *Space in the peritoneal cavity contains peritoneal fluid
77
Retroperitoneal
Organs lie against the body wall with the peritoneum only on anterior side
78
Intraperitoneal
Organs are encircled by visceral peritoneum; this layer is also called the serosa
79
Mesentary
Visceral peritoneum forms a single, extensively folded membrane
80
Posterior mesentary
Anchors digestive organs to the posterior body wall * includes the MESOCOLON anchoring large intestine
81
Anterior mesentety
Includes the greater and lesser omentum
82
Potential Spaces
between body membranes that are pressed together; not actual space, but can be filled with fluid or other matter
83
Eponyms
Terms that are names after people

ANA 209 (1 decks)

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