Module 1 Flashcards
(19 cards)
what are the parts of an information system
people
procedures
software
hardware
data
internet
Explain software
Software/Programs.
* Tell the computer how to process data into the form you
want.
Two major kinds of software:
* System Software: Software used by computers.
* Application Software: Software you use.
What is System Software
Software that enables application software to interact with
the computer hardware.
Background software helps manage resources.
Collection of system programs including:
* Operating Systems.
* Utilities.
Operating System
Coordinates computer resources.
Provides the user interface.
Runs applications.
Types of Operating Systems:
* Embedded operating system.
* Used by Smartphones, tablets,
and other mobile devices.
* Also known as real-time
operating systems (RTOS).
* Standalone operating system.
* Used by desktops.
* Networking operating systems.
* Used to run networks.
Utilities
Perform specific tasks related to managing computer
resources.
Example: Antivirus Program.
* Protects from viruses.
* Can damage your software or hardware.
* Comprise the security and privacy of personal data.
Application Software
End-user software.
Types of application software include:
1. General-Purpose applications.
* Word Processor.
* Spreadsheets.
* Database Management Systems.
* Presentation software.
2. Specialized applications
* Web Authoring.
3. Apps.
* Social media apps.
Hardware – Types of Computers
Supercomputers.
* Most powerful computers.
Mainframe computers.
* Process large amounts of data.
Midrange computers.
* Servers.
Personal computers.
* PCs.
* Five types of PCs.
Personal Computer Types
tablet
laptop
desktop
smartphone
wearables
Personal Computer Hardware
Four basic categories of equipment.
* System Unit.
* Input/Output.
* Secondary Storage.
* Communication.
System Unit
Houses most of the electronic
components.
Contains two important
components.
Microprocessor.
Memory.
* Holds data currently being
processed.
* Holds the processed
information before it is
output.
* Temporary storage,
contents are lost when
power is off
Input/Output Devices
Input.
* Translate data into computer language.
* Keyboard and Mouse.
Output.
* Translate computer data into usable information.
* Display, also known as the monitor.
Secondary Storage
Holds data and programs even
if power is off.
Hard disk.
Solid-state storage.
* No moving parts.
* More reliable.
* Requires less power.
Optical disc.
* Laser technology.
* CDs, DVDs, Blu-ray
Communication
Communication devices.
* Provide the ability for personal computers to communicate.
Modems.
* Modify audio, video and other types of data for Internet
usage.
Data
Raw, unprocessed facts.
Processed data becomes information.
Digital data is stored electronically in files.
Common Types of Files
- Document.
- Database.
- Worksheet.
- Presentation
Connectivity and the Mobile Internet
Connectivity.
* Sharing of information.
Network.
* Communications system connecting two or more devices.
* Central to the concept of connectivity.
* Largest network is the Internet.
* Web provides a multimedia interface for Internet
resources.
Forces of Technology
- Cloud computing.
* Computers on the Internet.
* Access to more resources. - Wireless technology.
* Changing the way we communicate.
* Tablets, smartphones, wearable devices. - Internet of Things (IoT).
* Continuing development of the Internet.
* Allowing all types of devices to communicate.
Careers in IT
Web Developer.
* Develops and maintains
websites and web
resources.
Software Engineer.
* Analyzes users’ needs and
creates application
software.
Computer Support Specialist.
* Provides technical support
to customers and other
users.
Computer Technician.
* Repairs and installs computer
components and systems.
Technical Writer.
* Prepares instruction manuals,
technical reports, and other
scientific or technical
documents.
Network Administrator.
* Creates and maintains
computer networks.
