Module 1 Flashcards
(50 cards)
An atom consists of three basic units:
*proton
*neutron
*Electron
An atom consists of three basic units:
*proton
*neutron
*Electron
Protons and neutrons are located in..
a small,dense region atthe center of the atom known as nucleus
accounts for only a small part of the total volume of the atom,having a diameterapproximately 1/10,000 that of the entire atom
Nucleus Account
Account for most of the mass of the atom
Protons andneutrons account
the mass of an________ is negligible compared to the masses of protons andneutrons.
Electron
The ________ are located outside the nucleus in regionsknown as orbitals.
Electrons
are region of space within the energy level where electrons are found.
Orbitals
differ in their number of protons,neutrons,and electrons.
Atoms of various types
is the number of protons in the atom
The atomic number (Z)
the number of _________________in an atom must be equal to the number of negativelycharged electrons
positively charged protons
For _____ (+ions),where there is loss of electrons,electrons will be subtracted by the number equal to the charge of the ion.
cations
No of p=
No of e
For _______ (-ions),where there is gain of electrons,electrons will be added by the number equal to the charge of the ion.
anions
The mass number (A)(atomic mass rounded off to a whole number)is equal to the _______________________.
sum of the number of protons and neutrons (A=p+n)
Stands for energy level
n
orbit atoms in clouds of distinct shapes and sizes.
Electrons
are layered one inside the other into units called shells or energy levels
electron clouds
The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals is known as
electron configuration
The electrons are assigned to the properorbitals by the following rules:
1.The orbitals of lowest energy are filled first (Aufbau Principle)
2.Only two electrons can occupy the same orbital,and they must be of opposite spin (Pauli Exclusion Principle)
3.If two or more empty orbitals of equal energy are available,one electron is placed in each until all are half-fu( Hund’s Rule).
The study of ___________ was separated from compounds of all theother elements of the Periodic table.
carbon compounds
Chemists have discovered or made more than_________of carbon compounds and an estimated 10,000 new ones each year.
10 million
Chemists have discovered or made more than 10 million of carbon compounds and an estimated ______________ each year.
10,000 new ones
_______,_______,______,_______,_______,__,______and almost all other important chemicals in living systems are organic compounds.
*carbohydrates
*lipids
*proteins
*enzymes
*nucleic acids
*hormones
*vitamins,
