Module 1 Flashcards
(22 cards)
It is the science of collecting, organizing, summarizing, and analyzing information to draw conclusions or answer questions. It is about providing a measure of confidence in any conclusions.
Statistics
It is factual information used as a basis for reasoning, discussion, or calculation. It can be numerical, as in height, or nonnumerical, as in gender. In either case, it describes characteristics of an individual.
Data
What are the Field of Statistics
Mathematical Statistics and Applied Statistics
The study and development of statistical theory and methods in the abstract.
Mathematical Statistics
The application of statistical methods to solve real problems involving randomly generated data and the development of new statistical methodology motivated by real problems.
Applied Statistics
It is the set of all entities under study.
Universe
It is the total or entire group of individuals or observations from which information is desired by a researcher.
Population
It is a person or object that is a member of the population being studied.
Individual
It is the subset of the population.
Sample
it consist of organizing and summarizing data. It describe data through numerical summaries, tables and graphs.
Descriptive Statistics.
It uses methods that take a result from a sample, extend it to the population, and measure the reliability of the result.
Inferential Statistics
It is a numerical summary of a population.
Parameter
What are the process of Statistics?
1) Identify the research objective.
2) Collect the information needed to answer the questions.
3) Organize and summarize the information.
4) Draw conclusion from the information.
These are the characteristics of the individuals within the population.
Variable
It is variable that yields categorical responses. It is a word or a code that represents a class or category.
Qualitative Variables (Categorical)
It takes on numerical variables representing an amount or quantity.
Quantitative Variables (Numeric)
It is a quantitative variable that either a finite number of possible values or a countable number of possible values. If you count to get the value of a quantitative variable, it is…
Discrete Variable
It is a quantitative variable that has an infinite number of possible values that are not countable. If you measure to get the value of a quantitative variable, it is..
Continuous Variable
They are sometimes called categorical scales or categorical data. Such a scale classifies persons or objects into two or more categories. Whatever the basis for classification, a person can only be in one category, and members of a given category have a common set of characteristics.
Nominal Level
This involves data that may be arranged in some order, but differences between data values either cannot be determined or meaningless. It not only classifies subjects but also ranks them in terms of the degree to which they possess a characteristics of interest. In other words, it puts the subjects in order from highest to lowest, from most to least. Although it indicate that some subjects are higher, or lower than others, they do not indicate how much higher or how much better.
Ordinal level
This is a measurement level not only classifies and orders the measurements, but it also specifies that the distances between each interval on the scale are equivalent along the scale from low interval to high interval. A value of zero does not mean the absence of the quantity. Arithmetic operations such as addition and subtraction can be performed on values of the variable.
Interval Level
It represents the highest, most precise, level of measurement. It has the properties of the interval level of measurement and the ratios of the values of the variable have meaning. A value of zero means the absence of the quantity. Arithmetic operations such as multiplication and division can be performed on the values of the variable.
Ratio Level
