Module 1 Flashcards
(133 cards)
What percentage of the brain does the cerebrum comprise?
83%
The cerebrum includes both right and left hemispheres, separated by the central sulcus.
What are the two halves of the cerebrum called?
Right Hemisphere and Left Hemisphere
Each hemisphere controls functions of the opposite side of the body.
What is the primary function of the left hemisphere?
Controls most functions of the right side of the body
Dominant in most people, especially for tasks like writing.
What is the primary function of the right hemisphere?
Controls most functions of the left side of the body
Responsible for understanding facial expressions and emotions.
List the four major lobes of the cerebrum.
- Frontal Lobe
- Parietal Lobe
- Temporal Lobe
- Occipital Lobe
What is the primary function of the frontal lobe?
Responsible for critical thinking and decision-making
Involved in advanced cognitive processes.
What acronym helps remember the functions of the frontal lobe?
FLIPPER JW
F - Flexibility, L - Language, I - Insight, P - Planning, P - Prioritizing, E - Expressive Speech, R - Reasoning, J - Judgment, W - Working Memory.
What is Broca’s area associated with?
Expressive speech
Damage here leads to Broca’s aphasia, affecting speech production.
What is the primary function of the temporal lobe?
Processes auditory information and memory formation
Includes Wernicke’s area for language comprehension.
What mnemonic is associated with Wernicke’s area?
Wernicke’s for Word Comprehension
This area is crucial for receptive speech and language understanding.
What is the primary function of the occipital lobe?
Responsible for interpreting visual information
Contains the primary visual cortex.
What are visual field defects?
Partial or complete loss of vision within one or both eyes’ visual field
Can result from damage to the occipital lobe.
What is agnosia?
Inability to recognize or interpret sensory information
Can occur due to damage in the parietal lobe.
Which lobe is primarily responsible for sensory information processing?
Parietal Lobe
Involved in spatial awareness and sensation interpretation.
What does the limbic system regulate?
Emotions and memory
Includes structures like the hypothalamus, thalamus, hippocampus, and amygdala.
What is the function of the hypothalamus?
Regulates appetite, thirst, circadian rhythms, and hormonal balance
Important for maintaining homeostasis.
What is the role of the amygdala?
Modulates mood and emotional memories
Involved in fear and anxiety responses.
What does the Clock Drawing Test assess?
Signs of neurological issues such as Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias
Quick screening method completed in under 2 minutes.
What cranial nerve is associated with the sense of smell?
Olfactory Nerve (I)
Remembered with the mnemonic ‘On’.
What does the optic nerve (II) control?
Vision
Remembered with the mnemonic ‘Old’.
What is the function of the vagus nerve (X)?
Autonomic functions, swallowing, speech
Remembered with the mnemonic ‘Guarded’.
What is receptive aphasia also known as?
Wernicke’s aphasia
Inability to comprehend spoken and written language.
What is a symptom of dysfunction in the frontal lobe?
Memory difficulties, planning challenges, prioritizing issues, lack of insight, and impulse control problems
Indicates potential frontal lobe damage.
What is the function of the Opharyngeal Nerve (IX)?
Taste, swallowing, saliva
Mnemonic: German. Example: Picture being at a German bakery, tasting delicious pastries, and swallowing them afterward.