Module 1-2 (Birth/L&D)

Question 1

5 P’s (the critical factors affecting Labor and birth)

Answer 1

Powers (contractions)
Passage (pelvis and birth canal)
Passenger (fetus)
Psyche (response of mom)
Position (maternal postures and physical positions to facilitate labor)

Question 2

the 7 Cardinal movements (2nd stage of labor)

Answer 2

Engagement
Descent
Flexion
Internal rotation
Extension
External rotation
Expulsion

Question 3

Stages of Labor

Answer 3

P. 237 - Figure 8-21
• 1st stage of labor – Starts when cervical dilation begins and ends at 10 cm dilation
o 3 phases
 Latent phase – Dilation begins and stops at 4 cm
 Active phase – Dilation is between 5-7 cm; Regular contractions
 Transition phase – Dilation 8-10 cm (Dilation is complete)
• 2nd stage of labor – 10 cm dilation to birth
• 3rd stage of labor – Separation and delivery of the placenta
• 4th stage of labor – Recovery (First 4 hours post-delivery)

Question 4

Leopold’s maneuvers

Answer 4

P. 242, Figure 8-25