Module 1

Question 1

List the three primary benefits of cloud computing

Answer 1

Reduced Investment and Proportional Costs
Increased Scalability
Increased Availability and Reliability

Question 2

Explain the resiliency charactestics of a cloud

Answer 2

a form of failover that distributes redundant implementations of IT resources across physical locations

Question 3

Explain why it can be challenging for a cloud consumer to move from one cloud to another

Answer 3

due to a lack of industry standardisation , different cloud providers can impose proprietary requirements. Cloud consumers that form dependencies on proprietary characteristics of a cloud owned by one cloud provider may find it diffciult to move to another cloud from a different cloud provider

Question 4

List the four cloud deployment models.

Answer 4

“*public cloud

• community cloud
• private cloud
• hybrid cloud”

Question 5

An organisation that is a cloud consumer has a cloud service consumer that accesses a cloud service by a cloud owned by an organisation that is a cloud provider. What is the minimum number of trust boundaries that need to exist?

Answer 5

One. A single trust boundary can span the two organisation boundaries of the cloud consumer and the cloud provider.

Question 6

When compared to an on–premise environment, an organisation will have ________________ governance and administrative control over IT resources leased from a cloud provider.

Answer 6

When compared to an on–premise environment, an organisation will have –reduced– governance and administrative control over IT resources leased from a cloud provider.

Question 7

Explain the measured usage characteristic of cloud.

Answer 7

The ability of a cloud platform to keep track of the usage of its IT resources by cloud consumers.

Question 8

Which cloud delivery model provides cloud consumers with the least amount of administrative control?

Answer 8

Software–as–a–Service (SaaS)

Question 9

Explain how organisations can use cloud computing to increase the availability and reliability of their solutions.

Answer 9

Cloud providers generally offer resilient IT resources for which they are able to guarantee high levels of availability. Cloud environments can provide extensive failover support to increase reliability.

Question 10

Explain the ubiquitous access characteristic of a cloud.

Answer 10

The IT resources offered by the cloud are widely accessible.

Question 11

Which cloud delivery model is primarily defined by the incorporation of the ready–made environment mechanism?

Answer 11

Platform–as–a–Service (PaaS)

Question 12

Which cloud deployment model provides a cloud environment comprised of two or more different cloud deployment models?

Answer 12

Hybrid cloud

Question 13

Explain how cloud computing enables organisations to become more scalable and responsive.

Answer 13

Usage of self–provisioned cloud–based IT resources us automated, requiring no further human involvement by the cloud consumer or cloud provider

Question 14

Which cloud delivery model provides a pre–defined IT environment with already deployed and configured IT resources suitable for the development and deployment of applications?

Answer 14

Platform–as–a–Service (PaaS)

Question 15

Which cloud deployment model represents a cloud owned by a single organisation?

Answer 15

Private cloud

Question 16

Explain how cloud computing allows organisations to fund the scaling of IT resources with proportional costs.

Answer 16

Organisations can lease IT resources from cloud providers using a pay–for–use model that only charges them for the amount that the IT resources are actually used. Therefore, the costs are proportional to the usage.

Question 17

List the six characteristics of a cloud.

Answer 17

“*on–demand usage

• ubiquitous access
• multitenancy
• elasticity

measured usage

resiliency (or resilient computing)”

Question 18

Which cloud delivery model provides a self–contained IT environment comprised of infrastructure–centric IT resources?

Answer 18

Infrastructure–as–a–Service (IaaS)

Question 19

Which cloud deployment model limits access to a specific group of cloud consumers?

Answer 19

Community cloud

Question 20

Explain why cloud computing can reduce up–front IT investment requirements for organisations.

Answer 20

Instead of having to purchase required IT resources, organisations can lease them from a cloud provider. This reduces the up–front investment required.

Question 21

Explain why there maybe be a cloud computing challenges pertaining to multi–regional issues.

Answer 21

Because clouds can hide underlying implementation details from cloud consumers, cloud consumers may not be aware of where their date and IT resources may be actually be geographically located. Depending on the nature of the cloud consumer’s business, there may be industry or government regulations and policies that impose specific legal requirements that pertain to the geographical location of data or IT resources.

Question 22

List the three cloud delivery models.

Answer 22

”* Infrastructure–as–a–Service (IaaS)

• Platform–as–a–Service (PaaS)
• Software–as–a–Service (SaaS)”

Question 23

Which cloud deployment model provides a publicly accessible cloud environment owned by a third–party cloud provider?

Answer 23

Public cloud

Question 24

The cloud computing challenge of Increased Security Vulnerabilities is based on two main security–related problems. What are they?

Answer 24

”* compatibility of cloud consumer and cloud provider security technologies.

• overlapping trust boundaries from different cloud consumers within the same cloud”

Question 25

Explain the elasticity characteristic of a cloud.

Answer 25

The ability of a cloud to enable cloud consumers to scale cloud–based IT resources out or in, as required.

Question 26

Which cloud delivery model generally provides cloud consumers with the greatest amount of administrative control?

Answer 26

Infrastructure–as–a–Service (IaaS)

Question 27

List three of the four common cloud computing challenges.

Answer 27

"Any three from: * Increased Security Vulnerabilities * Reduced Operational Governance Control * Limited Portability Between Cloud Providers * Multi–Regional Compliance and Legal Issues"

Question 28

Explain the multitenancy characteristic of a cloud.

Answer 28

The cloud enables an instance of an IT resource (that exists as a software program) to serve different cloud service consumers, each of which is isolated from the other.

Question 29

"A cloud service can assume the role of cloud service consumer (True/False)"

Answer 29

TRUE

Question 30

Explain what is meant by the cost of capital" for an on–promise IT resource."

Answer 30

The cost of capital represents the cost incurred by raising funds. For the purchase of an on–premise IT resource, the cost of capital can be high.

Question 31

What are the two terms used to communicate an increase or decrease in resources when discussing horizontal scaling?

Answer 31

"* Scaling in * Scaling out"

Question 32

List three common types of cloud services.

Answer 32

"* Web service * REST service * virtual server Other correct answers exist because any software program that can be made remotely accessible via a cloud can be considered a cloud service."

Question 33

What are the three primary quality–of–service characteristics covered by an SLA for a cloud service?

Answer 33

"* availability * reliability * performance"

Question 34

The prior investment that has been made in an organisation's on–premise IT resources is referred to as _________ costs.

Answer 34

"The prior investment that has been made in an organisation's on–premise IT resources is referred to as –sunk– costs."

Question 35

What are the two terms used to communicate an increase or decrease in resources when discussing vertical scaling?

Answer 35

"* scaling up * scaling down"

Question 36

What is the temporary runtime role assumed by a software program when it accesses a cloud service?

Answer 36

Cloud service consumer.

Question 37

Which SLA measurement represents the capacity up to which an IT resource is able to perform is functions?

Answer 37

performance

Question 38

When calculating the availability rating of a cloud service, you begin by dividing the amount of hours the cloud service was________________ (within a measured period) by the total amount of hours within the measured period. We then multiply this value by 100 and deduct the result from 100.

Answer 38

When calculating the availability rating of a cloud service, you begin by dividing the amount of hours the cloud service was –unavailable–(within a measured period) by the total amount of hours within the measured period. We then multiply this value by 100 and deduct the result from 100.

Question 39

"Consumers of virtual IT resources maintain centralised administrative control over the underlying physical IT resource (True/False)"

Answer 39

FALSE

Question 40

What is the difference between a cloud consumer and a cloud service consumer?

Answer 40

"* A cloud consumer is an organisation or a human that uses a cloud service consumer to access a cloud service. * A cloud service consumer is a temporary runtime role assumed by a software program when it accesses a cloud service."

Question 41

List four of the six types of cost metrics that can be collected and measured for cloud–based IT resources.

Answer 41

"Any four from: * Up–front Costs * On–going Costs * Cost of Capital * Sunk Costs * Integration Costs * Locked–in Costs"

Question 42

A ____________________ is a distinct and remote IT environment designed for the purpose of remotely provisioning scalable and measured IT resources.

Answer 42

A –cloud– is a distinct and remote IT environment designed for the purpose of remotely provisioning scalable and measured IT resources.

Question 43

"For a remote environment to be considered a cloud, it must provides its IT resources using virtualisation technology. (True/False)"

Answer 43

FALSE

Question 44

What is an organisation boundary?

Answer 44

An organisation boundary represents the physical perimeter (or boundary) that surrounds a set of IT resources owned by a specific organisation.

Question 45

Which SLA measurement is represented by the amount of time that an IT resource is accessible during given period?

Answer 45

availability

Question 46

The funds required to carry out integration testing are referred to as ____________________.

Answer 46

The funds required to carry out integration testing are referred to as –integration costs–.

Question 47

________________ scaling refers to the allocation or releasing of resources of the same type, whereas ________________ scaling occurs when an existing resource is replaced by another.

Answer 47

–Horizontal– scaling refers to the allocation or releasing of resources of the same type, whereas –vertical–scaling occurs when an existing resource is replaced by another.

Question 48

List three common types of cloud service consumer.

Answer 48

"Any three from: * Software program * Service * Cloud service * Any hardware device (workstation, laptop, mobile, device) running software capable of remotely accessing a cloud service."

Question 49

Which SLA measurement represents the probability that an IT resource will continue to perform its intended functions without failure under pre–defined conditions?

Answer 49

reliability

Question 50

The cloud computing challenge of Limited Portability Between Cloud Providers" is most relevant to which cost metric?"

Answer 50

locked–in costs

Question 51

Multiple images of a single physical IT resources are provided so that the underlying processing capabilities of the physical IT resource can be shared individually by multiple consumers. This is an example of what form of technology?

Answer 51

virtualization

Question 52

A software program that resides within a cloud accesses a cloud service that resides in a different cloud. What temporary runtime role did the software program assume?

Answer 52

cloud service consumer

Question 53

"_____________ costs for leasing cloud–based IT resources tend to be lower, whereas _____________ costs for the initial purchase of on–premise IT resources tend to be higher Note: A single term is the same answer for both blank fields."

Answer 53

–Up–front– costs for leasing cloud–based IT resources tend to be lower, whereas –up–front– costs for the initial purchase of on–premise IT resources tend to be higher.

Question 54

"For an environment to be considered a cloud, it must be remotely accessible via Web–based protocols and technologies. (True/False)"

Answer 54

FALSE

Question 55

A ________________ provides the technology used to establish an operational layer between physical and virtual IT resources.

Answer 55

A –virtualization environment– provides the technology used to establish an operational layer between physical and virtual IT resources.

Question 56

An organisation that is a cloud consumer has a contractual relationship with an organisation that is a cloud provider. How many organisational boundaries exist.

Answer 56

Two. The cloud consumer and the cloud provider each have their own organisational boundary.

Question 57

"On–going costs for the operation of cloud–based IT resources can exceed the on–going costs of on–premise IT resources. (True/False)"

Answer 57

TRUE

Question 58

List three common cloud–based IT resources.

Answer 58

"Any three from: * physical server * virtual servers * software program * storage device * network device * cloud service (or service) Note that not every IT resource that resides inside a cloud needs to be made directly available to consumers. A cloud–based IT resource can be remotely accessed or it can support the remote access of other cloud–based IT resources. Therefore, other types of cloud–based IT resources can also exist."

Question 59

Within cloud computing, any _____________ IT resource is classified as a service.

Answer 59

Within cloud computing, any –remotely accessible– IT resource is classified as a service.

Question 60

What is a trust boundary?

Answer 60

A trust boundary is a logical perimeter wherein IT resources are trusted from a security perspective.

Question 61

Which cloud delivery model generally represents a product that exists as a shared cloud service offered by a cloud provider to cloud consumers?

Answer 61

Software–as–a–Service (SaaS)