Module 1

Question 1

First working laser device from whom and when?

Answer 1

Theodore Maiman

1960

Question 2

What is the LASER acronym?

Answer 2

Light
Amplification
Stimulated
Emission of
Radiation

Question 3

Ordinary light characteristics?

Answer 3

multiple wavelengths (colors)
non-collimated
incoherent

Question 4

Laser irradiation characteristics?

Answer 4

monochrome
coherent (in phase; same wavelength)
collimated (parallel)

Question 5

Unit of wavelength

Answer 5

micron 10^-6

nanometer 10^-9

Question 6

unit of pulse duration

Answer 6

PICO, Nano

Question 7

Unit of pulse repetition

Answer 7

Hz

Question 8

Unit of energy

Answer 8

J or mJ

Question 9

Unit of power average and peak

Answer 9

W

Question 10

Unit of energy density/fluence

Answer 10

J/cm^2

Question 11

Unit of power density

Answer 11

W/cm^2

Question 12

What is population inversion?

Answer 12

• more atoms in excited state, more opportunities for stimulated emission to occur
• situation that allows avalanche principle to occur

Question 13

ionizing radiation?

Answer 13

charged portion (electron) given enough energy to break away from atom

Question 14

non-ionizing radiation?

Answer 14

laser light

enough energy for excitation to a higher state ONLY

Question 15

What laser in visible range?

Answer 15

Argon

I.e. Diagnodent

Question 16

What lasers in near-IR for SOFT tissue?

Answer 16

Nd:YAG

Diodes

Question 17

What lasers in mid-IR for HARD tissue?

Answer 17

Er:YAG
Er:Cr:YSGG

Question 18

What laser in far-IR for SOFT tissue?

Answer 18

CO2

Question 19

Modes of Operation with mechanically gated-foot panel or electronically gated

Answer 19

continuous wave