MODULE 1: HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE Flashcards
(91 cards)
The science and practice of discovering, producing, preparing, dispensing, reviewing and monitoring medications, aiming to ensure the safe, effective, QUALITY and affordable use of medicines.
PHARMACY
Defined as the Profession which is concerned with the art and science of preparing drugs from natural and synthetic sources, and from suitable and convenient dosage form for administration for the treatment and prevention of diseases both of man and of animals.
PHARMACY
Embraces the knowledge of the
• identification,
• selection,
• pharmacologic action,
• preservation,
•analysis, and
• standardization of drugs & medicine.
PHARMACY
From the Greek word “Pharmakon”—meaning
DRUG OR MEDICINE
WHY IS PHARMACY IMPORTANT?
•Pharmacists play an important role in helping people get the best results from their medications.
•Pharmacists are medication experts who enhance patient care and promote wellness.
Person considered the expert on drugs or considered as the medication expert.
PHARMACIST
It is his legally granted responsibility to handle drugs and to know all about those drugs.
PHARMACIST
Also known as a chemist or a druggist , is a healthcare professional who specializes in the preparation, dispensing, and management of medications to ensure safe and effective use, while also providing medication counseling and guidance to patients and healthcare providers.
PHARMACIST
Serve as primary care providers in the community, and may offer other services such as health screenings and immunizations.
PHARMACIST
A store/outlet where medicinal drugs are prepared, dispensed and sold which is under the supervision of a licensed pharmacist.
PHARMACY/PHARMACIES
A drug used to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent disease or to promote well being.
MEDICATION
Also called medicament, medicine, pharmaceutical drug, medicinal drug or simply drug
MEDICATION
A chemical substance, typically of known structure, which, when administered to a living organism, produces a biological effect.
DRUG
FIVE HISTORICAL PERIODS IN PHARMACY
- Ancient Through Early Modern Era: Human prehistory to AD 1500
•Empiric Era: 1600 to 1940
•Industrialization Era: 1940 to 1970
•Patient Care Era: 1970 to present
•Biotechnology and genetic engineering: The new horizon
•Ancient man learned from instinct from observation of birds and beasts.
•Cool water, a leaf, dirt, or mud was his first soothing application.
BEFORE THE DAWN OF HISTORY
BEFORE THE DAWN OF HISTORY
Why people got sick before
◦ victim of evil forces
◦ god’s anger
◦ disease as a punishment of god
BEFORE THE DAWN OF HISTORY
Use for treating ailment before
- SUPERNATURAL
- NATURAL RESOURCES
BEFORE THE DAWN OF HISTORY
Healer during the early days
- SHAMAN
- PRIEST
Jewel of ancient Mesopotamia, often called the cradle of civilization, provides the earliest practice of the art of the apothecary.
PHARMACY IN ANCIENT BABYLONIA
Practitioners of healing of this era were priest, pharmacist and physician, all in one.
PHARMACY IN ANCIENT BABYLONIA
Medical texts were written on _________ record first the symptoms of illness, the prescription and directions for compounding, then an invocation to the gods.
CLAY TABLETS
2 types of medical care in Babylonia
- ASIPU
- ASU-EMPIRICAL HEALER
Types of medical care in Babylonia
- Magical healer –rely on spells and magical stones
ASIPU
Types of medical care in Babylonia
- Make use of plant materials- drew from large collections of drugs and manipulated them into several dosage forms
ASU-EMPIRICAL HEALER