Module 1 (Rhetoric, arguments, fallacies)

Question 1

What is argument?

Answer 1

Claim supported by reason

Question 2

What is rhetoric?

Answer 2

Art or skill of speaking or writing effectively and formally

Question 3

What is coercion?

Answer 3

Influencing behavior using force or threats

Question 4

What is persuasion?

Answer 4

Influencing behavior using ethical rhetorical appeals

Question 5

Should TV show titles be italicized?

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

What is inductive reasoning?

Answer 6

Using past experiences to make future predictions; relying on the predictability of nature

Question 7

What is deductive reasoning?

Answer 7

Using general ideas to draw specific conclusions

Question 8

What is abductive reasoning?

Answer 8

Using a state of events to draw specific conclusions

Question 9

What is an interlocuter?

Answer 9

Someone participating in a conversation

Question 10

What is a fallacy?

Answer 10

Statements that may sound true but are based on false logic

Question 11

What is the sweeping/hasty generalization fallacy?

Answer 11

Basing an inference on too small of a sample size

Question 12

What is the appeal to tradition fallacy?

Answer 12

Argues that a belief, action, or system is inherently good because it has “always been this way”

Question 13

What is the appeal to nature fallacy?

Answer 13

When something is claimed to be good/bad because it is natural/unnatural

Question 14

What is slippery slope fallacy?

Answer 14

Claim that describes chain of events with an extreme or undesirable outcome

Question 15

What is the bandwagon fallacy?

Answer 15

Argues that a belief or action is valid because the majority agrees

Question 16

What is the false analogies fallacy?

Answer 16

Comparing two things that aren’t similar enough to draw a conclusion for

Question 17

What is the appeal to ignorance fallacy?

Answer 17

Claims that something is true because it has yet to or cannot be proven false

Question 18

What is the red herring fallacy?

Answer 18

Argument that is introduced to distract from the main argument

Question 19

What is the ad hominem fallacy?

Answer 19

Attacking the character of the speaker instead of their argument

Question 20

What is the either/or (false dichotomy) fallacy?

Answer 20

Reduces a complex set of circumstances to only two possible choices of positive and negative extremes

Question 21

What is the appeal to doubtful authority fallacy?

Answer 21

When someone with no expertise on an issue is cited as an authority

Question 22

What is the ad populum fallacy?

Answer 22

When a certain action or belief will result in being desirable or undesirable within a group

Question 23

What is the post hoc ergo propter hoc fallacy?

Answer 23

Assuming a cause and effect between two events because they occurred together

Question 24

What is the begging the question fallacy?

Answer 24

Assumes the initial premise is true when it is really open to question

Question 25

What is the strawman fallacy?

Answer 25

Misrepresents the opponents position as the weaker argument