Module 1: State and Non-state Institutions Flashcards
defined as the organized way in which power is allocated and decisions are
made within society.
Political Structures/Institutions
is comprised of the President and the Vice President who
are chosen by direct popular vote and fulfill a term of six years.
The Executive Branch
grants the President authority to appoint his Cabinet. These departments form a
large portion of the country’s bureaucracy.
The Constitution
can make laws, alter, and reverse them through the power
bestowed in the Philippine Congress. This institution is divided into the Senate and
the House of Representatives
The Legislative Branch
maintains the power to resolve disputes concerning rights
that are legally demandable and enforceable. This branch decides whether there
has been a serious abuse of judgment amounting to lack or excess of authority on
the part and instrumentality of the government. It is made up of a Supreme Court
and lower courts.
The Judicial Branch
This court is explicitly permitted the power of Judicial Review
as the power to declare a treaty, international or executive agreement, law,
presidential decree, proclamation, order, instruction, ordinance, or regulation
unconstitutional
The Supreme Court
the capacity to realize desired ends despite opposition from others. The utilization of power is the business of government, which is defined as a formal organization that directs the political life of a society (Macionis, 2012) Therefore, governments demand compliance on the part of a
population
Power
a power that people perceive as legitimate rather than coercive
Weber’s concept of authority
What are the 3 types of authority?
- Traditional Authority
- Rational-Legal Authority
- Charismatic Authority
respect for a long-standing cultural pattern is used to legitimize power.
Traditional Authority
or also known as bureaucratic authority; legally created rules and regulations are used to legitimize power.
Rational-Legal Authority
extraordinary personal skills that inspire devotion and obedience are used to
legitimize power.
Charismatic Authority
defined as an enduring organization, practice, or relationship created by individuals to handle and cope with basic economic dilemmas.
Economic Institution
Transaction between two
socially equal parties
having the same status
with regards to values of
goods or services.
Reciprocity
3 types of Reciprocity
- Generalized Reciprocity
- Balanced Reciprocity
- Negative Reciprocity
A form of transaction
which utilizes gestures
that expresses personal
relationships than
economic transactions.
Generalized Reciprocity
In this form of
transaction, the giver is
expected to gain
something in return
although it does not have
to be given instantly.
Balanced Reciprocity
This transaction is being
practiced using deceiving
ways to gain profit. In this
form of transaction,
individuals involved try to
gain as much as
conceivable while paying
the least amount possible
Negative Reciprocity
The process by which
products produced out from
the community is sent to a
place where they are stored,
counted, and later distributed
back to the people.
Redistribution
The price of the transactions
of deliverables and services
are supposedly governed by
the rules of supply and
demand.
Market Exchange
a financial institution that
receives deposits from the public and generates credit.
Bank
Manage withdrawals and deposits as well as supplying short-term loans to a person and
small-scale businesses.
Commercial/Retail Bank
A bank that purchases large holdings of
newly issued shares and resells them to
investors.
Investment Bank
Offers insurance policies to the public
either by selling them directly to a person or
through an employer’s benefit plan.
Insurance and Companies
