Module 1 Study guide Flashcards
(27 cards)
What are the 6Ps used for assessing fractures?
Pain, Pallor, Paresthesia, Pulse, Paralysis, Poikilothermia
What is the purpose of assessing if a fracture is open or closed?
To determine the appropriate treatment and intervention
What are the key prevention strategies for fractures in older adults?
- Education
- Safety
- Safe living environments
- Screenings
What does ORIF stand for in fracture treatment?
Open reduction and internal fixation
What are common causes of hip fractures?
- Osteoporosis
- Poor mobility
- Medication side effects
- Alcohol abuse
What is the first line of treatment for hip fractures?
Surgery
What are the treatment goals for hip fractures?
- Reduce and stabilize the fracture
- Increase mobility
- Decrease pain
- Prevent complications
What does RICE stand for in osteoarthritis treatment?
Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation
What are the assessment criteria for multiple sclerosis?
- Pain
- Coordination, balance, and gait
- Paresthesia
- Dizziness or tremors
- Muscle weakness or spasticity
- Bladder and bowel control
What are the three diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis?
- Lesions in two separate areas of the CNS
- Evidence that damage occurred at least 1 month apart
- Ability to rule out all other diagnoses
What are the types of multiple sclerosis?
- Relapsing-remitting type
- Primary progressive
- Secondary progressive
- Progressive relapsing
What are common non-pharmacological treatments for multiple sclerosis?
- Rehab
- Nutrition and fluids
- PT/OT
- Speech/cognitive therapy
- Vocational rehab
- Acupuncture/massage/aromatherapy
What is the Cobb angle used for?
To estimate the degree of curvature of the spine in scoliosis
Name two types of thyroid disease.
- Graves’s disease
- Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
What is a thyroid storm?
An extreme state of hyperthyroidism
What are the complications of longstanding untreated hypothyroidism?
- Myxedema Coma
- Stroke
- Heart failure
- Hypotension
- Bradycardia
What is the primary cause of osteoporosis?
When reabsorption by osteoclasts outpaces bone replacement by osteoblasts
What are the two types of primary osteoporosis?
- Type 1: Associated with menopause
- Type 2: Associated with aging
What is the diagnostic test for osteoporosis?
Bone scan/Dexascan with a T score of -2.5 or below
What is the mechanism of action for Ibandronate (Boniva)?
Inhibits bone reabsorption through suppression of osteoclasts
What is the role of Methimazole in thyroid treatment?
Blocks the use of iodine by the thyroid gland in hormone synthesis
What are common side effects of anticholinergics?
- Confusion
- Dry mouth
- Urinary retention
- Blurred vision
- Constipation
True or False: Glucosamine and Chondroitin have been proven effective for osteoarthritis.
False
Fill in the blank: A common complication of untreated hyperthyroidism is _______.
Thyroid storm
