Module 10 Flashcards by Ashley Yewell

A nurse is planning to conduct a nursing research study and is seeking federal funding. Which institution would be most helpful for the nurse to contact regarding acquiring funding?

National Institute of Nursing Research
Explanation:
The nurse would most likely contact the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), which was established under the National Institutes of Health in response to a 1983 study by the Institute of Medicine. The institute’s purpose was to place nursing securely in the sphere of scientific investigation and to support research and training in client care, health promotion, and disease prevention, as well as the mitigation of effects of acute and chronic disabilities.

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A nurse is discussing dietary issues with a Latino client in the clinic. The client states, “My grandmother always told me that I needed to include beans in my diet so that my muscles would grow.” The information that the client is expressing is known as what?

Traditional knowledge
Explanation:
Traditional knowledge is known as knowledge that is passed down from one generation to the next. A grandmother passing information is an example of traditional knowledge.

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_______ knowledge is information that is gleaned from an expert based on their perceived experience.

Authoritative

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______ knowledge is derived through the scientific method.

Scientific

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A nurse is preparing to conduct a research study and uses the PICO format to develop the foreground question which is: “In adults, does reducing salt intake, compared to no change in salt intake, lower blood pressure?” The nurse identifies the “P” as:

adults.

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What does PICOT stand for?

Population 
Intervention 
Comparison
Outcome 
Time

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The focus of nursing is always on which of the four common concepts in nursing theory?

Person

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A group of nurses is planning to investigate the effectiveness of turning immobilized stroke clients more frequently in order to prevent skin breakdown. The team has begun by formulating a PICO question. Which element will the “O” in the team’s PICO question refer to?

Preventing skin breakdown

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A nurse who works in a pediatric practice assesses the developmental level of children of various ages to determine their psychosocial development. These assessments are based on the work of:

Erikson.
Explanation:
Erik Erikson based his theory of psychosocial development on the process of socialization, emphasizing how individuals learn to interact with the world. Erikson recognized the role of social, biologic, and environmental factors in development, and defined specific tasks or conflicts that people accomplish or overcome during what he defined as the eight stages of life, based on chronologic age

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Who is considered to be the first nursing theorist who conceptualized nursing in terms of manipulating the environment?

Florence Nightingale

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A nurse researcher who plans to collect and analyze data for the purpose of improving clinical practice should select which method of research?

Applied research
Explanation:
Applied research is used to improve clinical practice.

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What nursing activity forms the bridge between theory and practice?

Evidence-based research

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A nurse researcher develops a foreground question in preparation for conducting a research study. The question is: “In clients with intravenous catheters, how does replacing administration sets every 72 hours (h) compared with other frequent intervals (24h, 48h, or 96h) decrease infection rates?” Applying the PICO framework, which part of the statement reflects the “O”?

Decrease infection rates

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Which is a focus of medical research rather than nursing research?

Drug metabolism

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A nurse working in a long-established hospital learned a specific approach to administering intravenous injections from the previous generation of nurses at the hospital. This is an example of which type of knowledge?

Traditional knowledge
Explanation:
Traditional knowledge is passed from one generation to another.

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A nursing theorist examines a hospital environment by studying each ward and how it works individually, and then relates this information to the hospital as a whole working entity. This is an example of the use of which theory?

General systems theory
Explanation:
General systems theory is an example of an interdisciplinary base for a nursing theory. This theory describes how to break whole things into parts and then to learn how the parts work together in “systems.” It emphasizes relationships between the whole and the parts and describes how parts function and behave.

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A nurse is reading a research article from a nursing journal. The nurse is aware that the opening paragraph summarizing the article and the research findings is a good place to start. What part of the article is the nurse reading?

abstract

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When looking at a model for evidence-based practice, what is the final step of the process?

Evaluating practice change
Explanation:
The fifth and final step in the process of implementing evidence-based practice is to evaluate and critically appraise the change in practice.

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Evidence-based care emphasizes decision making based on the best available evidence and:

use of outcome studies to guide decisions.

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A nurse is developing a foreground question for nursing research using the PICO model. Which component would be represented by the statement, “a 45-year-old male with coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation”?

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One of the primary reasons for conducting nursing research is to:

generate knowledge to guide practice.

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A group of concepts and the relationships among them is what?

theory

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In order for the nurse to be able to apply the knowledge that has been obtained in the formal education process, which theory would best break whole concepts into parts and then determine how the parts would work together as a whole?

General systems theory
Explanation:
Ludwig von Bertalanffy developed the theory for universal application which is a general systems theory. It describes how to break whole things into parts and then to learn how the parts work together in “systems”. It emphasizes relationships between the whole and the parts and describes how parts function and behave.

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What is the process of considering a group of specific ideas and then drawing conclusions that relate to a general idea?

Inductive reasoning
Explanation:
Inductive reasoning is derived from consideration of specific properties to draw conclusions about a general idea.

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_____ reasoning involves considering an idea as a whole and then considering more specific ideas.

Deductive

A teenaged client reports having diarrhea before every test in school. The nurse recognizes that this client needs to focus on which dimension of health?

Emotional dimension

A nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse explains to the client that COPD is a chronic disease. Why is COPD considered a chronic disease?

It has a gradual onset and lasts for a long time.

A nurse is planning a health fair in the community to highlight promotion and prevention of the leading cause of death in the United States. Which disease process should the nurse address?

Coronary artery disease

A client who has recently been diagnosed with a chronic illness appears to be depressed. When the nurse asks if there is something wrong, the client states, "Nothing will ever be the same for me since I have this disease." What is the most appropriate response for the nurse?

"If you maintain a positive self-concept, you can live as normally as possible."

A nurse refers an HIV-positive client to a local support group. This is an example of what level of preventive care?

Tertiary Explanation: Tertiary health promotion and illness prevention begins after an illness is diagnosed and treated, with the goal of reducing disability and helping rehabilitate clients to a maximum level of functioning. Referring an HIV-positive client to a local support group would be an example of tertiary preventive care.

What is the definition of wellness?

An active state of being healthy

A nurse is caring for a client who has COPD, a chronic illness of the lungs. The client is in remission. Which statement best describes a period of remission in a client with a chronic illness?

Symptoms are not experienced.

The nurse should identify the need for further teaching when the client with diabetes who is taking daily insulin and follows a strict diet makes which statement?

"I cannot possibly ever be considered as healthy."

When chronic illnesses and disabilities are present, individuals benefit most from activities that:

help them maintain independence.

The nurse is caring for a very active, athletic adolescent recently diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. The client appears to be withdrawn and depressed when the nurse asks how the client is doing today. Using the health belief model, what step(s) will the nurse take to create a plan of care for this client? Select all that apply

Encourage the client to participate in as many activities as he or she can tolerate and provide information for health counselling. Review possible outcomes of the diagnosis with the client, allowing the client to express concerns while providing support. Conduct an in-depth interview of the client’s previous health issues, how the client reacted to the illness, and what support system the client has.

The nurse is caring for a client admitted to the hospital with pneumonia and associated pleuritic chest pain. Which would be a priority when creating the nursing care plan?

Monitoring airway clearance.

Risk factors for illness are divided into six categories. Working with carcinogenic chemicals is an example of which type of risk factor?

Environmental risk factor

A client has been admitted to the hospital for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis, with a random blood glucose reading of 575 mg/dL (31.91 mmol/L), vomiting, and shortness of breath. This client has experienced which phenomenon?

exacerbation

A community health nurse arranges for a dentist to teach local children in the school district how to properly brush their teeth. Which goal will the nurse set for this event?

health promotion Explanation: The education on lifestyle choices is part of health promotion activity, which focuses on protecting the person's health. Brushing one's teeth is a lifestyle choice.

Why are health promotion and illness prevention a key responsibility of nurses?

Chronic illnesses are the leading health problem in the world.

The nurse in a free clinic caring for clients uses the Health Belief Model, which is based on three components. What is the main focus for this model?

What people believe to be true about their health

Consultation and diagnostic tests are included in which level of health care?

Secondary care

Which nursing intervention is an example of tertiary preventive care?

Assisting with speech therapy a client with a traumatic brain injury Explanation: Tertiary prevention begins after the illness and is used to help rehabilitate clients. Speech therapy is an example of tertiary preventive care.

Which are factors that impact how a client defines health? Select all that apply

Family Culture Community Society

Which definition of health is the best?

Health is a state of complete well-being.

_____ health promotion and illness prevention are directed toward promoting health and preventing the development of disease processes or injury

Primary

_____ health promotion and illness prevention focus on screening for early detection of disease, with prompt diagnosis and treatment of any found.

Secondary

A community-based nurse acts as a case manager for a small town about 60 miles from a major healthcare center. What is the most important factor of community-based nursing for this nurse to be knowledgeable about?

Community resources available to clients

In conjunction with the client, the nurse has set the following client outcomes. Which client outcome reflects Maslow’s level of self-esteem needs?

The client will verbalize feelings of increased confidence in performing a finger-stick blood sugar.

The home health nurse is making an initial assessment visit to a family that consists of two parents and twin 3-year-old boys. During the interview, the nurse is most concerned if the client makes which statement?

The father states, "I don't discuss money matters with my wife because I don't want her to worry."

A client says, “I live in a small community on the northwest side of the city.” Why does the nurse consider it significant that the client reports living in a community rather than a neighborhood?

Community indicates people who share similar characteristics.

A nurse is working at a community clinic that serves mostly families with young children. What would be a priority intervention for clients in this developmental stage?

Setting up parenting classes

The nurse enters the client's room in the acute care unit immediately after the client experiences a generalized tonic-clonic type seizure in bed. What is the first action the nurse should take?

Position the client in a side-lying position. Explanation: The need for oxygen is the most essential of all physiological needs. Aspiration is a risk for the client after a seizure because of lethargy and increased oral secretions. The client needs to be positioned on the side to allow the secretions to drain from the mouth. Immediately following a seizure, the client experiences postictal confusion, which usually resolves in 1 hour unless complicated by a head injury or hypoxia.

During the nurse’s admission interview the client says, “I don’t get too much rest because I am in nursing school and work full time to support myself and my kids.” The nurse classifies this statement as an issue at which level of Maslow’s basic needs?

Physiologic

A nurse is providing care to a client who is feeling lonely and isolated. In an effort to develop a trusting nurse–client relationship, the nurse exhibits a caring attitude, ensures the client's privacy, and spends time with the client to promote therapeutic communication. The nurse is meeting which category of client needs?

Love and belonging

What is an example of a community risk factor?

Children are kept inside on a sunny day due to a lack of recreational opportunities.

A nurse is working with a single-parent family. When planning the care for this family, which need should the nurse anticipate as being a priority concern?

Financial concerns

The home health nurse is making an initial visit to a client's home. During the visit the nurse observes the mother cooking dinner, the father watching television with a child on the lap, and the grandmother in a rocking chair reading the Bible. The nurse recognizes this family structure as which of the following?

Extended family

Which is the basic unit of human society?

Family

A nurse is assessing a family for possible risk factors that may be contributing to the family's altered health status. When assessing for environmental risk factors, which questions would the nurse ask? Select all that apply.

"Is there anything going on at work that is causing you stress?" "Are you financially able to keep your home safe for your children?" Explanation: Environmental risk factors address a lack of knowledge or finances to provide safe and clean living conditions; work or social pressures that cause stress; and pollution (including air, water, or food).

A nurse is planning education on self-administration of insulin to the client and the client's family members. The client asks the nurse why the family members are also included in the teaching. What should the nurse's response be?

"Family members are equally involved in planning and implementation of care."

The nurse in the adolescent in-patient psychiatric unit is interviewing the family of a 16-year-old client admitted for depression and threatened suicide. What assessment information is most essential for the nurse in determining the affective and coping function of the family?

Family patterns of communication

A new graduate nurse asks a nurse manager working at the community health center, "I've heard people talk about community health nursing and community-based nursing. Is there a difference?" Which response by the nurse manager would be appropriate?

"Community health nursing involves care for entire populations whereas community-based nursing focuses on individuals and families in that population."

Which are stressors that affect the health of the family?

Inadequate childcare services

The nurse is explaining the expected developmental tasks of a typical family with adolescents. Which of the following would be incorrect for the nurse to include?

Adjustment to retirement

A nurse is caring for an adolescent who has just lost a leg in a motor vehicle accident. Which human need would the nurse most likely need to address?

Self-esteem needs

A nurse is implementing interventions that focus on protecting a client from physical and emotional harm. Which category of needs is the nurse addressing?

Safety and security

A nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and developing a holistic plan of care. For this plan of care to be successful, it must what?

Address the disease but also incorporate the mind, body, and spirit. A holistic plan of care seeks to balance and integrate the use of crisis medicine, advanced technology, and the mind, body, and spirit, which are incorporated though the use of the nursing process.

The nurse is assessing the communication style of the client. Communication is an example of which dimension of the individual?

Sociocultural dimension Explanation: Communication is essential for interaction with others and is an example of the sociocultural dimension.

Which action by the nurse demonstrates the nurse’s efforts to meet the client’s self-actualization needs?

The nurse arranges for the client’s clergy to visit after visiting hours. Explanation: Self-actualization needs encompass the intellectual and spiritual dimensions of the individual, which is reflected in the nurse arranging for the client’s clergy to visit after visiting hours.

The nurse overhears a colleague state, “All people from that client’s country are rude.” What is the appropriate nursing response?

Respond by saying, “Stereotypes keep us from accepting others as unique individuals.”

A nurse is conducting a cultural assessment of a client. Which person would the nurse identify as the expert?

Client

The nurse is caring for a terminally ill client who immigrated from Mexico. Which nursing intervention regarding spiritual care is appropriate?

Ask the client if a spiritual leader is desired.

The nurse is preparing the discharge plan for a new mother and her newborn son. Which new teaching should the nurse ensure is included after noting the family is Jewish?

care following the scheduled circumcision

An older adult client who only speaks the nondominant language has been admitted to the emergency department after suffering a fall and suspected hip fracture in the home. Who is the best person to perform translation services for the client?

a hospital translator

The nurse is preparing to administer prescribed medication to a client who is Native American/First Nations. The nurse enters the room and observes a tribal traditional healer performing a healing ritual for the client. What action would be the most appropriate by the nurse?

Unless asked to stay, leave the room and return when the healer is finished.

The home health nurse is conducting the health history interview with a client who does not speak the dominant language. What would be the best action made by the nurse?

Conduct the health history utilizing a telephonic interpreter (over-the-phone translation).

Which scenario is an example of cultural competence in nursing?

Attending a conference for cultural diversity

The client is admitted to the hospital with a ruptured ovarian cyst. The client has expressed that it is very important that the spouse be present to receive all medical information. Using the concepts of culturally competent care, which is the best response?

Document the client's request in the nursing care plan.

The nurse is taking a client history. With which client is direct eye contact appropriate?

32-year-old white woman

A client believes that the illness is caused by an imbalance of yin and yang. The nurse states, “You can call it whatever you believe, but you have a metabolic disorder.” What is this nurse demonstrating?

Cultural blindness

A nurse who usually works on the surgical unit is asked to float to the oncology unit because of staffing needs. Which statement by the nurse indicates the possibility of the nurse experiencing culture shock?

“I am very stressed now because I do not understand how things work on this unit.”

The nurse is caring for a client 4 days after total hip arthroplasty and notes the client has lost weight. The unlicensed assistive personnel reports the client’s food intake has decreased. Which question will the nurse ask the client to determine if cultural causes are responsible for the weight loss?

“What type of food do you like to eat at home?”

A community health nurse is providing care to a group of Hispanic people living in an area that is predominantly populated by white people. What are the Hispanic people in this community an example of?

A minority

A nurse is demonstrating ethnocentrism. Which statement would reflect this concept?

"My Russian heritage is superior to all others."

The nurse is caring for a client who does not speak the dominant language. In order to facilitate unencumbered communication with the client, the nurse will take which action(s)? Select all that apply.

Determine in which language the client communicates effectively. Review facility policy on communication with clients who do not speak the dominant language. Schedule a certified interpreter when collecting client health history.

The nurse just attended a seminar on cultural diversity. Which statement by the nurse would require further education?

“Ethnicity and race are the same thing and are affected by cultural practice.” Ethnicity and race are terms used interchangeably; however, they are not the same thing. Race refers specifically to physical characteristics.

A woman has moved from the east coast to the west coast. She is a single parent of four children who is having difficulty finding employment due to a lack of a car and primarily speaking an uncommon language for the area. Which factor is a barrier to health care?

primary language other than the dominant one

The nurse is caring for several clients of different cultures. Which client situation would the nurse recognize as the client with highest risk of culture shock?

The client from Ethiopia states, “All these machines attached to me scare me and I need to get them off.”

Healthcare facilities that sponsor health promotion activities only in affluent areas are considered:

culturally blind.

Module 10 Flashcards

(90 cards)