Module 11 : Global Demography

Question 1

It is the study of statistics such as births, deaths, income, or the incidence of disease, which illustrate the changing structure of human populations.

Answer 1

GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHY

Question 2

It encompasses the study of the size, structure, and distribution of these populations, and spatial or temporal changes in them in response to birth, migration, ageing, and death.

Answer 2

GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHY

Question 3

SOURCES OF DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

Answer 3

CENSUS
VITAL STATISTICS
HISTORICAL RECORDS
ADMINISTRATIVE RECORDS
SAMPLE SURVEY

Question 4

is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information
about the members of a given population.

Answer 4

CENSUS

Question 5

It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population.

Answer 5

CENSUS

Question 6

are statistics on live births, deaths, fetal deaths, marriages and divorces.

Answer 6

VITAL STATISTICS

Question 7

an administrative system used by governments to record
vital events which occur in their populations.

Answer 7

Civil registration

Question 8

The most common way of collecting information on these events is through civil registration

Answer 8

VITAL STATISTICS

Question 9

Refers to important documents of recorded events kept in the
national archives.

Answer 9

HISTORICAL RECORDS

Question 10

Refers to stored data of government or non- governmental agencies.

Answer 10

ADMINISTRATIVE RECORDS

Question 11

It refers to studies of representative portions of the total population.

Answer 11

SAMPLE SURVEY

Question 12

THEORIES OF POPULATIONS:

Answer 12

MALTHUSIAN THEORY OF POPULATION GROWTH
DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION THEORY
ARSENE DUMONT’S SOCIAL CAPILLARITY THEORY
KINGSLEY DAVIS’ THEORY OF CHANGE AND RESPONSE

Question 13

human populations grow exponentially (i.e., doubling with each cycle) while food production grows at an arithmetic rate (i.e. by the repeated
addition of a uniform increment in each uniform interval of time).

Answer 13

MALTHUSIAN THEORY OF POPULATION GROWTH

Question 14

Disaster, war, famine and/or pestilence

Answer 14

Positive Checks

Question 15

Birth control, abortion and abstinence

Answer 15

Preventive Checks

Question 16

It describes a progressive movement from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates.

Answer 16

DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION THEORY

Question 17

It is a generalised description of the changing pattern of mortality, fertility and growth rates as societies move from one demographic regime to another

Answer 17

DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION THEORY

Question 18

It describes four stages of population growth, following patterns that connect birth and death rates with stages of industrial development.

Answer 18

DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION THEORY

Question 19

STAGES OF DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION MODEL

Answer 19

Stage 1: Stage of high potential growth
Stage 2: Stage of explosive growth
Stage 3: Stage of incipient decline
Stage 4: Stage of low to very low birth rate and very low death rate
Stage 5: fertility rates

Question 20

pre-industrial society, death rates and birth rates are high and roughly in balance, and population growth is typically very slow and constrained by the available food supply. What stage is this?

Answer 20

Stage 1: Stage of high potential growth

Question 21

that of a developing country, the death rates drop rapidly due to improvements in food supply and sanitation, which increase life spans and reduce disease. What stage is this?

Answer 21

Stage 2: Stage of explosive growth

Question 22

birth rates fall due to access to contraception, increases in wages, urbanization, increase in the status and education of women, and increase in investment in education. Population growth begins to level
off. What stage is this?

Answer 22

Stage 3: Stage of incipient decline

Question 23

birth rates and death rates are both low. The large group born during stage two ages and creates an economic burden on the shrinking working population. What stage is this?

Answer 23

Stage 4: Stage of low to very low birth rate and very low death rate

Question 24

fertility rates transition to either below- replacement or above-
replacement. What stage is this?

Answer 24

Stage 5: fertility rates

Question 25

This principle is based on the recognition that every society is marked with a set of hierarchic social order in which individuals in the upper hierarchy enjoy greater prestige than those belonging to the lower hierarchy.

Answer 25

ARSENE DUMONT’S SOCIAL CAPILLARITY THEORY

Question 26

The desires of people to improve their social status, wealth and individuality can make them long for less number of children/limit their family size because they consider children as a liability or burden to social mobility.

Answer 26

ARSENE DUMONT’S SOCIAL CAPILLARITY THEORY

Question 27

It posits that industrialized countries solve the problem of population growth by using demographic measures to maximize new opportunities and avoid relative loss of status.

Answer 27

KINGSLEY DAVIS’ THEORY OF CHANGE AND RESPONSE

Question 28

Modern societies reduce their population as a response to the operating social organizations, changing conditions which arise from past performance, the altering socio-economic environment, and the families’ concern for prospective standing in the community in comparison with other families.

Answer 28

KINGSLEY DAVIS’ THEORY OF CHANGE AND RESPONSE

Question 29

POPULATION VARIABLES

Answer 29

Fertility Fecundity Mortality Life expectancy Migration

Question 30

It is the natural capability to produce offspring

Answer 30

Fertility

Question 31

is the number of offspring born per mating pair, individual or population

Answer 31

fertility rate

Question 32

The capacity for producing offspring, especially in abundance.

Answer 32

Fecundity

Question 33

It is the actual reproductive rate of an organism or population, measured by the number of gametes (eggs), seed set, or asexual propagules.

Answer 33

Fecundity

Question 34

It is the state of being mortal, or susceptible to death; the opposite of immortality.

Answer 34

Mortality

Question 35

It is a statistical measure of the average time an organism is expected to live, based on the year of their birth, their current age and other demographic factors including sex.

Answer 35

Life expectancy

Question 36

It is the movement by people from one place to another with the intentions of settling temporarily or permanently in the new location.

Answer 36

Migration

Question 37

LEADING CAUSES OF DEATH

Answer 37

Ø Prematurity Ø Road injury Ø Diabetes mellitus Ø Respiratory cancers Ø HIV/AIDS Ø Diarrhoeal diseases Ø Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (asthma, emphysema & bronchitis) Ø Lower respiratory infection (flu, pneumonia & TB) Ø Stroke Ø Ischaemic heart disease/Coronary heart disease

Question 38

IMPLICATIONS OF POPULATION GROWTH

Answer 38

- Population and labor force - Population and poverty incidence - Population and hunger incidence - Population and housing - Population and health - Population and water supply - Population and waste disposal

Question 39

CHALLENGES

Answer 39

- Human population is rising by 79 million people annually. - Many more people are born into poverty than into wealth. - Rich and poor nations are divided by a “wealth gap.” - HIV/AIDS is taking a heavy toll. - Population growth has severe environmental effects.

Question 40

SOLUTIONS

Answer 40

- Expanding women’s rights is crucial to encourage the demographic transition. - Health and reproductive education and counseling can reduce fertility rates. - Education, medicine, and policies can lessen the toll of HIV/AIDS. - New “green” technologies can help reduce population growth’s environmental impacts.

Question 41

It is a summation of all the organisms of the same group or species, which live in a particular geographical area, and have the capability of interbreeding.

Answer 41

POPULATION

Question 42

It is a measure of the number of deaths (in general, or due to a specific cause) in a particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time.

Answer 42

MORTALITY RATE/DEATH RATE

Question 43

It is the international movement of people into a destination country of which they are not natives or where they do not possess citizenship in order to settle or reside there, especially as permanent residents or naturalized citizens, or to take-up employment as a migrant worker or temporarily as a foreign worker

Answer 43

IMMIGRATION

Question 44

It is the act of leaving one's resident country with the intent to settle elsewhere.

Answer 44

EMIGRATION

Question 45

a portion of territory within or surrounded by a larger territory whose inhabitants are culturally or ethnically distinct.

Answer 45

ENCLAVES