Module 12 Test

Question 1

Between what two regions or the Earth can you find the Moho?

Answer 1

crust and mantle

Question 2

List two formations that form from groundwater deposition in caves.

Answer 2

stalacties and stalagmites

Question 3

any process that breaks down rocks and creates sediments

Answer 3

weathering

Question 4

rocks that start as one type and are transformed by high temperature or pressure

Answer 4

metamorphic rock

Question 5

What major benefit do we derive from the Earth’s magnetic field?

Answer 5

it blocks cosmic rays from the sun

Question 6

In the hydrologic cycle, what is the process that changes a liquid into gas called?

Answer 6

evaporation

Question 7

Name formations that form from glacier reosion

Answer 7

U-shaped valleys, glacial lakes, cirques, horns, or ridges

Question 8

What causes the Earth’s magnetic field?

Answer 8

electrical flow in the core

Question 9

name the 5 layers of earth in order, starting with the innermost layer

Answer 9

inner core, outer core, mantle, asthenosphere, crust

Question 10

the process that moves sediments

Answer 10

erosion

Question 11

What part of Earth’s core is liquid?

Answer 11

outer core

Question 12

Name some agents of erosion

Answer 12

water, glaciers, gravity, weathering, wind

Question 13

What is the difference between mechanical and chemical weathering?

Answer 13

Mechanical weathering is the physical breakdown of rocks and occurs through ice wedging, abrasion, plants, or animals. Chemical weathering changes the composition of the rock and occurs when water reacts with minerals changing them, or dissolves minerals

Question 14

What have scientists observed in order to learn about Earth’s interior?

Answer 14

seismic waves

Question 15

small, solid fragments of rock-like gravel, sand, silt, mud, or clay

Answer 15

sediment

Question 16

What are two common features of fast-moving streams in mountainous areas

Answer 16

waterfalls and V-shaped valleys

Question 17

rocks formed when magma cools

Answer 17

igneous rock

Question 18

rock formed when chemical reactions cement sediments together, hardening them

Answer 18

sedimentary rock

Question 19

Where is most of Earth’s liquid fresh water found?

Answer 19

groundwater

Question 21

Describe the rock cycle

Answer 21

The rock cycle is a series of processes in which rocks are continuously changed from one type to another. These processes include erosion, weathering, deposition, melting, cooling, heat, pressure, compaction, and cemention

Question 22

solid, naturally occurring, inorganic substances that have a definite chemical composition and a crystalline structure

Answer 22

minerals

Question 23

What is the difference between weathering and erosion?

Answer 23

Weathering breaks down or chemically alters rocks, while erosion wears down and carries the sediment away.