Module 14

Question 1

sex

Answer 1

in psychology, the biologically influenced characteristics by which people define males and females

Question 2

gender

Answer 2

in psychology, the socially influenced characteristics by which people define men and women

Question 3

aggression

Answer 3

any physical or verbal behavior intended to harm someone physically or emotionally

Question 4

relational aggression

Answer 4

an act of aggression (physical or verbal) intended to hard a person’s relationship or social standing

Question 5

X chromosome

Answer 5

the sex chromosome found in both men and women. Females have two X chromosomes; males have one. An X chromosome from each parent produces a female child

Question 6

Y chromosome

Answer 6

the sex chromosome found only in males. When paired with an X chromosome from the mother, it produces a male child.

Question 7

testosterone

Answer 7

the most important of the male sex hormones. Both males and females have it, but the additional testosterone in males stimulates the growth of the male sex organs during the fetal period, and the development of the male sex characteristics during puberty.

Question 8

puberty

Answer 8

the period of sexual maturation, when a person becomes capable of reproducing

Question 9

primary sex characteristics

Answer 9

the body structures (ovaries, testes, and external genitalia) that make sexual reproduction possible.

Question 10

secondary sex characteristics

Answer 10

nonreproductive sexual traits, such as female breasts and hips, make voice quality, and body hair

Question 11

spermarche

Answer 11

first ejaculation

Question 12

menarche

Answer 12

the first menstrual period

Question 13

disorder of sexual development

Answer 13

a condition present at birth that involves unusual development of sex chromosomes and anatomy

Question 14

role

Answer 14

a set of expectations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave

Question 15

gender role

Answer 15

a set of expected behaviors, attitudes, and traits for males or for females.

Question 16

gender identity

Answer 16

our sense of being male, female, or combination of the two

Question 17

social learning theory

Answer 17

the theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished

Question 18

gender typing

Answer 18

the acquisition of a traditional masculine or feminine role.

Question 19

androgyny

Answer 19

displaying both traditional masculine and feminine psychological characteristics

Question 20

transgender

Answer 20

an umbrella term describing people whose gender identity or expression differs from that associated with their birth sex