Module 16: Classical Conditioning Flashcards
(18 cards)
learning
the process of gaining, through experience, relatively permanent information and behaviors
classical conditioning
a type of learning in which a stimulus gains the power to cause a response
stimulus
anything in the environment that one can respond to
response
any behavior or action
unconditioned stimulus
a stimulus that triggers a response reflexively and automatically
unconditioned reponse
an automatic response to the unconditioned stimulus
conditioned stimulus
a previously neutral stimulus that, through training, gains the power to cause a response
conditioned response
the response to a conditioned stimulus
acquisition
the process of developing a learning response
extinction
the diminishing of a learned response after repeated presentation of the conditioned stimulus alone
Ivan Pavlov
Russian psychologist, famous for the discovery of classical conditioning, which he learned through investigating the effects of salivation on the digestive process in dogs.
generalization
producing the same response to two similar stimuli
discrimination
the ability to distinguish between two signals or stimuli and produce different responses
behaviorism
the theory that psychology should only study observable behaviors, not mental processes
John B. Watson
founded behaviorism and believed that you could control a learner’s behavioral response by manipulating a stimulus in the environment
cognition
all mental processes associated with thinking, knowing, and remembering
Robert Rescorla
developed, with Alan Wagner, a theory that emphasized the importance of cognitive processes in classical conditioning
John Garcia
worked with Robert Koelling to show how classically conditioned taste aversion could develop
