Module 2 Flashcards
1
Q
Birth - 12 months
A
Infant
2
Q
12 month - 36 month
A
Toddler
3
Q
3y - 5y
A
PreSchool
4
Q
6y - 12y
A
School Age
5
Q
13y - 18y
A
Adolescence
6
Q
19y - 40y
A
Early Adulthood
7
Q
41y - 60y
A
Middle Adulthood
8
Q
61y +
A
Late Adulthood
9
Q
Greatest change in range of vital signs
A
Pediatric
10
Q
HR at birth
A
100 - 180
11
Q
Infants head is __% of body weight
A
25%
12
Q
Blood vessel that connects umbilical vein and the IVC in fetus, constricts after birth
A
Ductus Venosus
13
Q
Opening in interatrial septum of fetal heart
A
Foramen Ovale
14
Q
Blood vessel that connects pulmonary artery and aorta in fetus, constricts after birth
A
Ductus Arteriosus
15
Q
After birth, systemic vascular resistance ________, pulmonary vascular resistance __________
A
Increases, Decreases
16
Q
chemical that reduces surface tension and holds moist membranes of lungs together
A
Surfactant
17
Q
infants nose breather until
A
4 weeks
18
Q
Infant ribs positioned ________, causing ________ breathing
A
Horizontally, Diaphragmatic
19
Q
In infants, to observe adequate rise and fall, observe this part
A
Abdomen
20
Q
Reflex causing baby to throw arms wide, spread fingers and grab instinctively
A
Moro Reflect (Startle Reflex)
21
Q
Strong reflex in full term newborns elicited by placing finger in palm
A
Palmar reflex
22
Q
causes hungry infant to turn head right/left when hand/cloth touches cheek
A
Rooting reflex
23
Q
stroking infants lips
A
sucking reflex
24
Q
track objects, recognize faces
A
2 months
25
move objects to mouth, primary emotion
3 months
26
drools, reach out to people
4 months
27
sleep thru night, discriminate between people
5 months
28
teeth appear
5 - 7 months
29
sit upright, 1 syllable words
6 months
30
fear of strangers
7 months
31
responds to no, peek a boo
8 months
32
model that recognizes childs active role in own development
reciprocal socialization
33
type of attachment that leads infant to sense that needs will be met by caregiver
secure attachment
34
type of attachment that leads to being uncertain whether caregivers will be responsive or helpful if needed
Anxious resistant attachment
35
type of attachment that leads to separation anxiety
anxious resistant attachment
36
attachment type that leads infant to have no confidence they will be responded to helpfully
anxious avoidant attachment
37
type of attachment that leads to child attempting to live without love/support of others
anxious avoidant attachment
38
infant wants world to be orderly, predictable place
trust vs mistrust
39
building on what they already know
scaffolding
40
kind of child that has regular body functions, low/moderate reaction
easy child
41
type of child with irregular body functions, intense reactions, withdrawal
difficult child
42
type of child with low intensity of reactions and somewhat negative mood
slow to warm up child
43
first stage of parental seperations reaction
protest
44
2nd stage of parental separation reaction
despair
45
3rd stage of parental separation reaction
detachment / withdrawl
46
develop "magical thinking"
toddler
47
parents that are demanding and desire instant obedience
authoritarian
48
parents respond to needs and wishes of children, explain reasons
authoritative
49
parents tolerant, accepting view of child
permissive
50
recognize sexual differences, develop gender specific behaviors through _____
modeling
51
what age do vital signs reach adult levels
school age
52
what age group are decision making skills, self-concept, self-esteem developed
school age
53
moral reasoning appears at this age
school age
54
moral development stage: obey rules to avoid punishment
preconventional stage 1
55
moral development stage: obey rules for self-interest, individualism and purpose
preconventional stage 2
56
moral development stage: seek approval of others, good boy good girl
conventional stage 3
57
moral development stage: social system morality, doing ones duty
conventional stage 4
58
moral development stage: community rights
post conventional stage 5
59
moral development stage: universal ethics, what is right
post conventional stage 6
60
what age develops sense of modesty and need for privacy
adolescents
61
depression and suicide most common in this age group
adolescents
62
personal code of ethics
adolescents
63
accidents leading cause of death in this age group
early adulthood
64
cancer strikes this group
middle adulthood
65
cardiovascular health becomes issues at this age group
middle adulthood
66
theoritical longest duration of life
max life span (120 y)
67
based on year of birth, average # of additonal years of life expected
life expectancy
68
changes in metabolism and absorption in this age group
late adulthood
69
active exercise performed against stable resistance, motionless manner
Isometric
70
muscles worked through range of motion
isotonic
71
blood/body fluid precautions designed to reduce risk of transmission of bloodborne pathogens
standard precautions
72
precautions designed to reduce risk of transmission of pathogens from moist body substances
body substance isolation
73
stages of death
denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
74
grief is a ______
feeling
75
mourning is a ________
process
76
3 types of stress adaptation
defensive strategies, coping, problem-solving
77
stress adaptation: may deny or distort reality of stressful situation
defensive strategies
78
stress adaptationactive process of confronting stressful situation
coping
79
stress adaptation: healthiest approach to dealing with stress
problem solving
80
3 phases of stress response
alarm, resistance, exhaustion
81
stress response: fight or flight stage, body prepares to defend self against threat
alarm phase
82
stress response: individual begins to cope with stress, may become desensitized over time
resistance phase
83
stress response: prolonged exposure to same stressors
exhaustion phase
84
serves to raise awareness of mental health issues in first repsonders
Code Green Campaign
85
techniques and activities that promote emotional health while decreasing vulnerability to stress
resiliency based care
86
greatest hazard for EMS personnel
motor vehicle collisions
87
determines whether a procedure, drug, Tx improves PT outcomes
outcome based research
88
published in 2001 by NHTSA to provide guide for future EMS research
National EMS Research Agenda
89
knowledge attained through study/practice
science
90
use of scientific method to study an issue
research
91
process by which scientists collectively over time construct accurate representation of world
scientific method
92
stopping, backing up, repeating a step in scientific method
iterative process
93
examines info that already exists
retrospective
94
study of information that starts now and from this point forward
prospective
95
objective, specific, continuous data
quantitative
96
nominal, ordinal, asks why not how
qualitative
97
relationship between independent and dependent variable
quantitative
98
study that has control group and treatment group, subjects randomly assigned
experimental study
99
subjects not randomly assigned by scientists
quasiexperimental
100
demographics of groups in this kind of study are similar
experimental
101
demographics of groups in this kind of study are different
quasiexperimental
102
study with no control group, groups studied without control comparison
observational
103
type of study conducted when it is unethical to withhold Tx
observational
104
observational study where subjects have a certain condition and are followed over time
Cohort study (ex: study of twins)
105
observational study of one specific point in time
cross-sectional study
106
study looking at group of pts with similar condition
case series
107
study of single pt
case study
108
In Vivo(within the living), how drugs affect biological systems
animal research
109
In Vitro(within the glass or "test tube"), how universe functions
bench research
110
assures results of study can be generalized, hold true for others at other places in time
external validity
111
ensures results can be attributed to the cause and not anything else
internal validity
112
ensures protection of human subjects in research
Institutional review boards
113
describe basic features of the data obtained in study, provide summary of sampe
Descriptive Stats
114
statistics that draw information from sampled observations of population and make conclusions
inferential stats
115
mean and median, indicate center of a group
measures of central tendency
116
subtracting mean from each value, square it, divide by number
variance
117
square root of variance
standard deviation
118
difference bt value obtained from sample and value that would be obtained from entire population
sampling error
119
statement of no difference bt groups being samples from
null hypothesis
120
case control studies, odds of having a risk factor if condition is present divided by odds of having if not present
odds ratio
121
science and practice of protecting and improving health of community
public health
122
primary tenet of public health
ID and prevent injury and illness
123
3 categories of public health laws
illness and prevention
police powers for public health
epidemiological tools
124
health care, public safety, public health
ems roles and responsibilities
125
Category of public health law that gives public health officials necessary legal tools
Illness and Prevention
126
Category of public health law that allows public health entities to act in general interest of public, epidemics and disasters
police powers for public health
127
Category of public health laws giving public health agencies power to analyze legal issues related to public health
Epidemiological tools
128
branch of medicine that deals with incidence and prevelance of disease in large populations
epidemiology
129
subtracting age at death form 65
years of productive live
130
hazardous or potentially hazardous situation that puts people in danger of sustaining injury
injury risk
131
ongoing systematic collection, analysis, interpretation of injury data (teachable moments)
injury surveillance program
132
1 out of 3 deaths among children from ______
injury
133
age kids should be in back seat
<12
134
most frequent cause of injury to children <6y/o
falls
135
back injuries are ____ % of all disabling injuries in the workplace
22%
136
principles that ID desirable conduct by members of a group
ethics
137
principles of right and wrong of the individual
morals
138
laws based on constitution, protect people form government abuse
Constitutional law
139
law of societies acceptance of customs and norms over time, change/grow over years (miranda)
Common Law (case law, judge made law)
140
laws made by lawmakers or legislative bodies, not court decisions (congress)
statutory law (legislative law)
141
law enacted by administrative or governmental agency at federal/state level (osha)
regulatory law (administrative law)
142
law dealing with crime/punishment
criminal law
143
noncriminal issues between plaintiff and defendant
civil law
144
civil wrongs commmitted by one individual against another (negligence, medical malpractice, assault, battery, slander)
Tort law
145
range of duties and skills paramedics are allowed and expected to perform, set by state law or regulation
scope of practice
146
recognition granted to individual who has met predetemrined qualifications to participate in a certain activity
Certification
147
process used to regulate occupations
Licensure
148
SOAP acronym
Subjective Objective Assessment Plan
149
CHART acronym
Chief Complaint, History, Assessment, Rx (Treatment) Transport
150
Format that is a chronological account that focuses on immediately managing variety of patient problems and not conducting thorough exam/history
Patient Management Format
151
Format that emphasizes MOI, surrounding circumstances, and how incident occured
Call Incident Approach/Format
152
laws that protect paramedics
Immunity, Good Samaritan, Ryan White CARE act
153
civil wrong committed by one person against another based on a willful act
intentional tort
154
deviation from accepted standard of care recognized by law for the protection of others against unreasonable risk of harm
Negligence
155
4 components of Negligence
Duty to act
breach of that duty
proximate cause
actual damage
156
formal contractual or informal legal obligation to provide care
duty to act
157
standard of care not met
breach of duty
158
performance of a wrongful or unlawful act by paramedic
Malfeasance
159
performance of a legal act in a manner that is harmful or injurious
Misfeasance
160
Failure to perform a required act or duty
Nonfeasance
161
res ipsa loquitur
the thing speaks for itself
162
- proof damages would not have occurred in absence of someones negligence
- pt did not contribute to own injury
- instruments causing damage were under defendants control at all times
res ipsa loquitur
163
paramedic violates statute and injury to plaintiff results
Negligence Per Se (automatic negligence)
164
proof pt was actually harmed in a way; compensated by award of damages
actual damages
165
action or inaction of paramedic immediately caused/worsened damage (forseeability)
proximate cause
166
restraint risk with conjuction of stimulant abuse
Excited Delerium Syndrome (ExDS)
167
intentional false communication that injures another persons reputation or good name
Defamation
168
injuring character, name, reputation by false statements, written
Libel
169
Injuring character name, reputation by false statements, spoken
Slander
170
release of confidential information without legal justification
invasion of privacy
171
consent given based on full disclosure of info
informed consent
172
consent that must be obtained by every competent adult
informed consent
173
most common consent
expressed consent
174
person directly grants permission to treat
expressed consent
175
emergency doctrine
implied consent
176
ethical and societal limits to interactions bt paramedics and patients
professional boundaries
177
3 danger zone boundaries
being tired, seduced, unprepared
178
unlawfully placing person in apprehension of immediate bodily harm without consent
Assault
179
unlawful touching of another individual without consent
battery
180
document created to ensure certian treatment choices are honored when a pt is unconscious
advanced directive
181
allows person to specify kinds of medical treatment they wish to recieve
living will
182
designed for terminally ill patients
POLST
183
disabilites act
ADA 1990
184
prohibits workplace harassment and discrimination
Title 7
185
amendments to title 7
civil rights act 1964
age discrimination 1975
equal employment opportujnity act 1972
186
allows 12 workweeks for a 12month period
FMLA
187
minimum wage, OT, record keeping, child labor
Fair Labor Standards Act FLSA
188
social, religious, personal standards of right/wrong
Morals
189
adopted code of ethics for EMTs
National Association of EMTs in 1978
190
each person must decide how to behave and whatever decision is made is ok
ethical relativism
191
people should fulfill their duties
deontological method
192
actions judged as good bad based on consequences
consequentialism
193
adopted code of ethics for EMTs
National Association of EMTs in 1978
194
doing good
Beneficence
195
desire to do good
Benevolence
196
paramedics obligation to treat all patients fairly
Justice
197
not doing harm
Nonmaleficence
198
primum non nocere
first, do no harm
199
competent adult patients right to determine what happens to his own body
Autonomy
200
paramedics obligation to treat all patients fairly
Justice
201
test that asks whether you would be willing to undergo this procedure or action if you were in the patients place
Impartiality test
202
test that asks whether you would want this action performed in all relevantly similar circumstances, helps avoid shortsightedness
Universalizability test
203
test that asks whether you can defend or justify your actions to others
Interpersonal justifiability test
204
process of exchanging information between individuals
communication
205
program that dictated use of plain English in emergency radio communication
US Department of Homeland Security SAFECOM program
206
repeating each statement to confirm accurate reception and understanding
echo procedure
207
data dictionary agreed upon by states/territories
National Emergency Medical Services Information System (NEMSIS)
208
ANI
Automatic Number Identification
209
ALI
Automatic Location Information
210
ACN
Automatic Crash Notification
211
Routes 911 call to appropriate agency for dispatch and response if it does not do dispatching itself
public safety answering points (PSAP)
212
Predicts likelihood of serious injury among vehicle occupants
Decrease response times by providers
Assists with field triage destination and transportation decisions
Decreases time it takes for patients to recieve trauma care
Advanced Automatic Crash Notification (AACN)
213
City units transmit ______ radio waves because they penetrate concrete/steel
Ultrahigh Frequency (UHF)
214
communications in the 800-MHz range to hasten communications. Pool all frequencies
Trunking
215
Transmit and receive on same frequency, cannot do both simultaneously
Simplex
216
Allows simultaneous 2 way communications using 2 frequencies for each channel. Works like a phone
Duplex
217
Capable of transmitting voice and data simultaneously
Multiplex
218
communications in the 800-MHz range to hasten communications. Pool all frequencies
Trunking
