Module 2

Question 1

is the complex whole of human life, encompassing almost everything a person does and thinks

Answer 1

Culture

Question 2

You will always have this something, and you cannot escape from your ________

Answer 2

ethnocultural milieu

Question 3

the philosophical paradigm often used by anthropologists and social scientists, believes that culture is different across time and space (Kottak, 2010)

Answer 3

cultural relativism

Question 4

as an ethical theory, posits that culture is the ultimate arbiter of morality.

Answer 4

cultural relativism

Question 5

What do cultural relativism believes?

Answer 5

there is NO universal moral truth

Question 6

Compare relativism and subjectivism

Answer 6

In subjectivism, truth depends on the person
In relativism, truth depends on a particular reference point

Question 7

“Man is the measure of all things.”

Answer 7

Protagoras of Abdera

Question 8

Protagoras was a

Answer 8

sophist

Question 9

are men who travelled around ancient Greece in exchange for something.

Answer 9

sophist

Question 10

One very important component of culture is language.

Answer 10

Edward Sapir and Benjamin Whorf

Question 11

“The structure of a language determines how a person understand things.”

Answer 11

Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

Question 12

The “Father of American Anthropology”

Answer 12

Franz Boas

Question 13

One of the main proponents of Historical Particularism and Cultural Relativism

Answer 13

Franz Boas

Question 14

During Franz Boas time, Europe’s understanding of history is _______

Answer 14

linear

Question 15

is one of the main research methodologies of anthropologists to extract data from the field.

Answer 15

ethnography

Question 16

No culture is superior over the other

Answer 16

Franz Boas

Question 17

All cultures are equal in their own rights.

Answer 17

Franz Boas

Question 18

German Philosopher and historian

Answer 18

Oswald Spengler

Question 19

In his book, _________ , he predicted that Western Civilization will collapse due to the rise of Caesar-like leaders.

Answer 19

The Decline of the West

Question 20

“There are no eternal truths. Every philosophy is an expression of its time”

Answer 20

Oswald Spengler

Question 21

Spengler believed in

Answer 21

Historical Relativism or Historicism

Question 22

What may be not acceptable today, may be acceptable tomorrow.

Answer 22

Oswald Spengler

Question 23

Culture is different from time to time.

Answer 23

Oswald Spengler

Question 24

Culture is different from tribe to tribe.

Answer 24

Franz Boas

Question 25

Culture is different from language to language.

Answer 25

Edward Sapir and Benjamin Whorf

Question 26

Culture is different from one place to place.

Answer 26

Protagoras of Abdera

Question 27

Morality is

Answer 27

relative

Question 28

If morality is relative, therefore, there is

Answer 28

no universal truth

Question 29

Filipino culture is a mix of both Eastern and Western cultures. What are the different cultures?

Answer 29

Spanish Americans Chinese traders Islamic missionaries Indigenous communities

Question 30

What are the filipino values?

Answer 30

• Family oriented • Xenophile • Respect for authorities • Heritage of Smallness • Cheerful Optimism • Bayanihan Spirit

Question 31

What are the weaknesses of being family oriented?

Answer 31

Nepotism Political Dynasty Kanya-kanya Crab Mentality Regionalism

Question 32

What are the weaknesses of being Xenophile?

Answer 32

No originality We don’t love our own that much we get easily influenced by foreigners sometimes we forget our selves

Question 33

What are the pros of respect for authorities?

Answer 33

Respect for elders hard work and industry Faith and religiosity courtesy utang na loob

Question 34

What are the weaknesses for authorities?

Answer 34

utang na loob dependency patronage sticking on the status quo or comfort zone passivity and lack of initiative

Question 35

What are the heritage of smallness?

Answer 35

appreciating the small things knowing what is important

Question 36

What are the weaknesses of heritage of smallness?

Answer 36

sachet mentality sustainability-getting only what we need isang kahig, isang tuka mediocrity smart shaming

Question 37

What are the advantages of cheerful optimism?

Answer 37

lakas ng loob resiliency OFW hugot phenomenon resiliency

Question 38

What are the weaknesses of cheerful optimism?

Answer 38

lack of discipline diskarte bahala na attitude ningas cogon palusot mentality madaling makalimot

Question 39

What are the pros of bayanihan spirit?

Answer 39

treat everyone as family proud of our achievements active in social media fiesta sensitivity dyahe piece thoughtfulness of others pasalubong balato

Question 40

what is the last piece called?

Answer 40

dyahe piece

Question 41

What are the weaknesses of bayanihan spirit?

Answer 41

social pressure tagay justice system not budget friendly walang iwanan filipino time

Question 42

What are the positive impacts of cultural relativism? 1. It makes people ________. 2. It helps researchers from being ______ and ______. 3. It highlights the need for ________ to immerse to a community to understand culture in the perspective of a local.

Answer 42

1. culturally sensitive 2. racist and ethnocentric 3. social scientist

Question 43

What are the positive impacts of cultural relativism? 4. It emphasizes that _____ is indeed evolving. 5. Cultural Relativism empowers _______ 6. It encourages ______ and multidisciplinary approaches among institutions.

Answer 43

4. morality 5. cultural minority groups 6. diversity

Question 44

What are the criticism against cultural relativism? 1. We cannot _____ our own culture. 2. We cannot also correct the _____ of other cultures. 3. Sometimes, cultural relativism makes us _____ towards other societies.

Answer 44

1. critique 2. practices 3. indifferent

Question 45

What are the criticism against cultural relativism? 4. It causes ____ and ________. 5. Even if people belong to different backgrounds, cultures also ____ some patterns of behavior. 6. We cannot definitely _____ issues that concerns people with different cultural background.

Answer 45

4. division and xenophobia 5. share 6. address

Question 46

What are the criticism against cultural relativism? 7. Cultural relativism could lead to ______. 8. Cultural relativism is an _____ because it establishes itself as a _______ even though it claims that everything is relative to culture.

Answer 46

7. nihilism 8. irony, universal standard