Module 2

Question 1

T/F: As movement requires energy, metabolism can be defined as a controlled set of biochemical reactions that occur in only mobile organisms in order to maintain life?

Answer 1

False, metabolism occurs in all living organisms

Question 2

T/F: Enzymes are polysaccharides that catalyze chemical reactions

Answer 2

False

Question 3

What is a cofactor and give a general example

Answer 3

A small chemical components that helps an enzyme during a catalyst reaction. An example could be a metal ion.

Question 4

Define anabolism

Answer 4

The building of macromolecules from something smaller

Question 5

ATP has the energy to ——– while ADP has the capacity to ——— energy

Answer 5

donate, accept

Question 6

In order to promote proteins in amino acids, which metabolic process would be active?

Answer 6

Catabolism

Question 7

Describe the energy transfer process realtive to ATP and ADP

Answer 7

ATP detonates the energy in the form of phosphate and ADP accepts it to synthesize proteins.

Question 8

An organelle that derives it energy (generated ATP) from photons of light is called?

Answer 8

Phototroph

Question 9

An organelle that derives its energy from removing electrons from elemental sulphur would be classified as a?

Answer 9

Lithotroph

Question 10

This phosphorylation process occurs in the mitochondria of chemotropic eukaryotes

Answer 10

Oxidative Phosphorilation

Question 11

The catabolism of a single molecule of glucose goes through what 3 distinct transitions?

Answer 11

Glycolysis, fermentation, and the electron transport chain

Question 12

What is the most energetic transition in the catabolism of glucose?

Answer 12

ETC, it yields 34 ATP

Question 13

Identify the reactants of the following chemical equation:

Glucose + 2NAD+ -> 2 NADH + 2 Pyruvate + 2ATP

Answer 13

Glucose and 2NAD+

Question 14

The presence of what molecule ‘signals’ to the cell that glycolysis is about to start?

Answer 14

Glucose-6-phosphate (G6P)

Question 15

T/F: During fermentation, one means of eliminating pyruvate is by converting it into lactic acid

Answer 15

True

Question 16

How many turns or repetitions of the Calvin cycle are required to generate one molecule of glucose?

Answer 16

6

Question 17

How many ATP does the tricarboxllyc acid (TCA) cycle produce per pyruvate?
A. 4
B. 2
C. 34
D. 1

Answer 17

D

Question 18

T/F: The reactants of the TCA cycle directly enter and fuel the electron transport system?

Answer 18

False. The products of the TCA cycle (reduced electron carriers) enter and drive the production of ATP via the electron transport system.

Question 19

In the absence of glucose, which of the following cannot be used as alternative energy sources?

Answer 19

Nucleic Acid

Question 20

In the absence of glucose, which of the following can be used as alternative energy sources? Select all that apply

A. Fatty Acid Chains
B. Lactose
C. Carbohydrates
D. Nucleic Acid

Answer 20

ABC

Question 21

For the catabolism of proteins and lipids, which of the following enzymes are used?

Answer 21

Proteases and Lipases, proteases breakdown proteins while lipases breakdown lipids.

Question 22

T/F- The B-oxidation pathway catabolizes the fatty acid chains of lipids

Answer 22

T

Question 23

Describe the relationship between chloroplasts and chlorophyll

Answer 23

Both chloroplasts and chlorophyll are associated with photosynthesis. Chloroplasts are double membrane-enclosed organelles that contain chlorophyll

Question 24

T/F: Plants agae and and bacteria all contain chloroplasts

Answer 24

False

Question 25

T/F- Chloroplasts are specific to algae and plants

Answer 25

True

Question 26

The process of photophosphorylation produces which of the following: A. H20 B. G3P C. ATP D. NADPH

Answer 26

C and D

Question 27

In phosphorylation, the light reactions always occur where?

Answer 27

In the membrane

Question 28

True or false, dark reactions can take place in the presence or absence of light

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What is true pertaining to the dark reactions of photosynthesis? Select all that apply A. It is the first step of photosynthesis B. Results in the formation of NADP and ADP C. It is the second step of photosynthesis D. It is known as the Calvin cycle E. Results in the formation of carbohydrates F. Does not depend on sunlight G. It is known as photophosphorylation H. Results in the formation of ATP and NADPH I. Process results in carbon fixation J. Process results in a proton concentration gradient K. Occur in the membrane It converts light energy into chemical energy

Answer 29

CDEFH

Question 30

T/F: The Calvin Cycle must occur in the absense of light?

Answer 30

False

Question 31

MEMORIZE THE NUMBERS

Answer 31

6, 18, 12, 12, 18, 12

Question 32

A-B+H2O ->A-OH+B-H

Answer 32

Hydrolases

Question 33

A-B->B-A

Answer 33

Isomerases

Question 34

A+B->A-B

Answer 34

Ligases

Question 35

A-B->A+B

Answer 35

Lyases

Question 36

In the absence of glucose, what cannot be used as alternative energy source?

Answer 36

Nucleic Acid

Question 37

T/F: In absence of oxygen fermentation produces only 2 ATP

Answer 37

False. Fermentation only reduces NADH back to NAD+

Question 38

An organism that derives its energy by removing electrons from elemental sulfur would be classified as

Answer 38

Lithotroph

Question 39

T/F: Enzymes are polysaccharides that catalyze chemical reactions

Answer 39

F

Question 40

The reactants of the chemical equation are to the ------ of the arrow

Answer 40

Left

Question 41

Upon cellular injury, which metabolic process is involved during the growth and repair phases of the cell.

Answer 41

Anabolism

Question 42

What is Catabolism?

Answer 42

The process of breaking down larger molecules into useful energy sources

Question 43

True or False: Metabolism is a controlled set of biochemical reactions that occur in living organisms in to maintain life

Answer 43

True

Question 44

In what organelle does photosynthesis take place?

Answer 44

Chloroplast

Question 45

In what organelle does photosynthesis take place?

Answer 45

Chloroplast

Question 46

The chemical compound losing the phosphate group is referred to as the

Answer 46

phosphorylated reactive intermediate

Question 47

A reactive intermediate would be present in which phosphorylation process

Answer 47

substrate level phosphorilation