Module 2

Question 1

A chronic, progressive neuromuscular disease that is characterized by extreme muscular weakness and progressive fatigue as the day progresses is

Answer 1

Myasthenia gravis

Question 2

The primary goal in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis is

Answer 2

Reduction of inflammation and pain

Preservation of joint function

prevention of joint deformity

Question 3

T/F

Opportunistic infections can emerge as a result of deficiencies of the immune system

Answer 3

True

Question 4

T/F

Vitamin B12 supplements take it orally or the primary treatment for pernicious anemia

Answer 4

False

Question 5

T/F

Tolerance to self antigens is believed to commence during fetal life

Answer 5

True

Question 6

T/F
Side effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs include GI ulceration and bleeding, blood dycrasias, tinnitus, rash, hypersensitivity reactions, and liver toxicity

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Which statements are true about the chronic illness called polymyositis

Answer 7

The muscles affected are mostly those closest to the trunk or torso

Question 8

___ is a systemic, usually progressive inflammatory disease primarily affecting the spinal column

Answer 8

Ankylosing spondylitis

Question 9

The system of disease that usually involves joint inflammation and edema of the synovial membrane surrounding the joint is

Answer 9

Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 10

T/F

Auto immune disease is occur only in the blood and lymphatic systems

Answer 10

False

Question 11

A chronic, progressive, systemic autoimmune disease of the skin that is characterized by hardening and shrinking of the skin is

Answer 11

Systemic scleroderma

Question 12

T/F

All patients with HIV will eventually develop full blown aids

Answer 12

False

Question 13

Pyridostigmine bromide is the drug of choice for treatment of

Answer 13

Myasthenia gravis

Question 14

Autoimmune diseases occur when autoantibodies develop and begin to destroy the body’s own cells

Answer 14

True

Question 15

An autoimmune condition in which erythrocytes are destroyed by antibodies, causing the patient to experience fatigue, chills, fever, dyspnea, and jaundice, is

Answer 15

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Question 16

A child in the emergency room with multiple bruising of unknown cause and thrombocytopenia may be exhibiting signs of

Answer 16

Idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura

Question 17

Symptoms of fever, joint pain, malaise, weight loss, and the characteristic butterfly rash are indications of

Answer 17

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Question 18

T/F

There are no cures for connective tissue diseases, and treatment is only palliative

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Some types and functions of T-cells in the body’s immune system include

Answer 19

Cytotoxic T cells that destroy virus and tumor cells

Helper T cells that stimulate B cells to produce antibodies

Suppressor T cells that moderate the immune response

Question 20

T/F

HIV is primarily transmitted through sexual contact and through contaminated blood and blood products

Answer 20

True

Question 21

The syndrome caused by hypersecretion of the adrenal cortex, which results in excess of circulating cortisol levels, fatigue, muscular weakness, and changes in body appearance, is called

Answer 21

Cushing’s syndrome

Question 22

Insufficient secretion of PTH by the parathyroid gland is called

Answer 22

Hypoparathyroidism

Question 23

T/F

Addison’s disease is partial or complete failure of adrenocortical function

Answer 23

True

Question 24

A chronic disease of the immune system that attacks the thyroid gland and causes a goiter is called

Answer 24

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Question 25

Symptoms and signs of diabetic coma include

Answer 25

Hyperglycemia, thirst, nausea and vomiting, and dry skin

Question 26

Hypersecretion of human growth hormone by the pituitary before puberty resulting in abnormal and accelerated growth is called

Answer 26

None of the above

Question 27

Which statement is true about a simple goiter

Answer 27

The patient may noticed a swelling of the neck and experience difficulty swallowing Thyroid ultrasonography can confirm the presence of a thyroid nodule

Question 28

Rapid heartbeat and palpitations, increased metabolism, weight loss, nervousness, excitability, profuse perspiration, excessive thirst, muscular weakness, exophthalmos, and the presence of a goiter are symptoms and signs of

Answer 28

Graves' disease Primary hyperthyroidism Overproduction of thyroid hormone

Question 29

Hypersecretion of HGH that causes overgrowth of the hands and feet, abnormal thickening of the bones of the face, and excessive overgrowth of soft tissue, occurring after puberty is called

Answer 29

Acromegaly

Question 30

Diabetes which has its own set during pregnancy is called

Answer 30

Gestational diabetes mellitus

Question 31

Treatment of diabetes mellitus includes

Answer 31

A calculated diet and exercise Insulin administration if needed Blood and urine testing

Question 32

T/F | Hyperparathyroidism increases breakdown of bone, and excessive reabsorption of calcium into the blood

Answer 32

True

Question 33

T/F Patients who are bedridden or unable to drink enough water to compensate for urinary loss of water can become dangerously dehydrated

Answer 33

True

Question 34

T/F | Myxedema, or severe hypothyroidism, has its onset during infancy

Answer 34

False

Question 35

T/F | A diabetic experiencing insulin shock require simple sugar

Answer 35

True

Question 36

Damage to the pituitary gland, which causes hypopituitarism, can result from

Answer 36

Radiation Surgical removal Ischemia

Question 37

T/F | Dwarfism is the abnormal under development of the body, or hypopituitarism, occurring in children

Answer 37

True

Question 38

Insulin reaction can be caused by

Answer 38

Too much insulin Delayed meal or insufficient food Excessive exercise

Question 39

Insulin and glucagon are produced by

Answer 39

The pancreas

Question 40

The master gland of the endocrine system is

Answer 40

Pituitary gland

Question 41

When the immune system reacts appropriately to an antigen in homeostasis is maintained this is termed

Answer 41

Immunocompetence

Question 42

Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis refers to a group of disorders characterized by persistent and recurrent candida infection of

Answer 42

Skin Nails Mucous membrane

Question 43

T/F | There are no cures for connective tissue diseases, and treatment is only palliative

Answer 43

True

Question 44

T-cells lymphocytes are produced in the

Answer 44

Thymus gland

Question 45

The acquired immunity that results when a person has a disease is

Answer 45

Active

Question 46

Decreased gastric production of hydrochloric acid and the resulting shortage of the intrinsic factor calls

Answer 46

Pernicious anemia

Question 47

A history of repeated chronic infections due to an acquired B-cell deficiency and decreased anti-body production and function is usually indicative of

Answer 47

Common variable immunodeficiency disease