Module 2

Question 1

Planning

Answer 1

establishing organizational goals and deciding how to accomplish them

Question 2

organizing

Answer 2

grouping resources and activities in order to achieve a result in an efficient and effective manner

Question 3

leading

Answer 3

influencing people to work towards a common goal

Question 4

motivating

Answer 4

providing reasons so that people work in the best interests of an organization

Question 5

strategic plan

Answer 5

defines what business the company is in or wants to be along with what kind of company it is or wants to be.

Question 6

Tactical plans

Answer 6

smaller scale plans designed to implement a strategy, usually cover a one to three year period

Question 7

Operational plans

Answer 7

made to implement tactical plans, usually covering a year or less

Question 8

contingency plan

Answer 8

outlines alternatives that can be taken if other plans are ineffective or disrupted.

Question 9

Goal

Answer 9

an end result that is expected to be achieved over a one to ten year period

Question 10

Objective

Answer 10

a statement that details what is expected to be achieved over a short period of time

Question 11

Conceptual skills

Answer 11

involve the ability to think in abstract terms and allows managers to see how everything works together within an organization

Question 12

Analytical skills

Answer 12

the ability to identify problems, create reasonable alternatives and then select the best alternative

Question 13

Interpersonal skills

Answer 13

the ability to deal effectively with other people

Question 14

Technical skills

Answer 14

involve specific skills needed to accomplish a specialized task

Question 15

Communication skills

Answer 15

involve the ability to write, speak and listen effectively

Question 16

Autocratic leader

Answer 16

make decisions unilaterally with little concern of employee opinions

Question 17

Participative leadership

Answer 17

when all members of a team are consulted before a decision is made, helping workers understand what goals are important while fostering a sense of commitment and ownership

Question 18

Entrepreneurial leadership

Answer 18

When the manager seeks to inspire workers with a vision of what can be accomplished to benefit all stakeholders. This is personally dependent and generally enthusiastic, driven, goal oriented and charismatic.

Question 19

four steps of the managerial decision-making process

Answer 19

1. identify problem/opportunity
2. generate alternative
3. selecting an alternative
4. implementing and evaluating solution

Question 20

chain of command

Answer 20

the line of authority that extends from the highest levels of an organization to its lowest levels.

Question 21

Job specialization

Answer 21

the separation of activities with an organization into distinct tasks and having to assign those tasks to different people

Question 22

Job rotation

Answer 22

people are given different tasks and shift between tasks, instead of just sticking to one

Question 23

Departmentalization

Answer 23

the process of grouping jobs into manageable units

Question 24

Departmentalization types

Answer 24

By function, product, location, and customer

Question 25

delegation

Answer 25

assigning part of a manager’s work and power to other workers

Question 26

decentralized organization

Answer 26

attempts to spread authority widely across the lower levels

Question 27

centralized organization

Answer 27

works to concentrate authority at the higher levels

Question 28

wide span of management

Answer 28

when a manager has many subordinates

Question 29

narrow span of management

Answer 29

manager only has a few subordinates

Question 30

flat organizational height

Answer 30

span of management is wide and fewer levels are needed

Question 31

tall organization

Answer 31

narrow management and needs more levels

Question 32

corporate culture

Answer 32

the inner rites, rituals, heroes and values of a firm

Question 33

human resource management

Answer 33

all the activities involved in acquiring, maintaining and developing an organization's human resources

Question 34

job analysis

Answer 34

determining the nature of a position

Question 35

job description

Answer 35

lists the elements that makeup a position

Question 36

job specification

Answer 36

lists required job qualifications

Question 37

recruiting

Answer 37

attracting people to apply for positions

Question 38

selection

Answer 38

choosing an hiring most qualified applicant

Question 39

orientation

Answer 39

acquainting new employees with the firm

Question 40

Common means to obtain applicant info

Answer 40

applications, tests, interviews, references, assessment centers

Question 41

Four elements of effective employee reward system

Answer 41

1. satisfy basic employee needs 2. rewards are comparable to other firms 3. distributed fairly 4. recognize that people have different needs

Question 42

compensation

Answer 42

payment received for labor

Question 43

benefits

Answer 43

reward in addition to compensation given indirectly

Question 44

hourly wage

Answer 44

paid per amoung of hour of work

Question 45

salary

Answer 45

the specific amount paid per calendar period, regardless of hours worked

Question 46

commission

Answer 46

payment as a percentage of sales revenue

Question 47

performance appraisal

Answer 47

evaluation of an employee's current and potential levels of performance

Question 48

motivation

Answer 48

the individual internal process that energizes, directs and sustains behavior

Question 49

scientific management

Answer 49

the application of scientific principles to the management of work and employees

Question 50

Hawthorne Studies

Answer 50

Objective was to determine the effects of work environment on employee performance

Question 51

Maslow Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 51

1. self-actualization needs 2. esteems needs 3. social needs 4. safety needs 5. physiological needs

Question 52

Equity theory

Answer 52

theory of motivation based on the assumption that motivation depends on how much we want something and how likely we are to get it

Question 53

Equity theory

Answer 53

theory of motivation based on the premise that people are motivated to obtain and preserve equitable treatment for themselves

Question 54

expectancy theory

Answer 54

theory of motivation based on the assumption that motivation depends on how much we want something and how likely we are to get it

Question 55

goal-setting theory

Answer 55

suggests that employees are motivated to achieve goals that they and their managers establish together

Question 56

labor union

Answer 56

an organization of workers acting together to negotiate wages and working conditions with employers

Question 57

craft union

Answer 57

an organization of skilled workers in a single craft or trade

Question 58

American Federation of Labor

Answer 58

made up of many specific labor unions, an umbrella organization

Question 59

Congress of Industrial Organizations

Answer 59

Focused on unskilled and semi-skilled workers

Question 60

La Guardia Act

Answer 60

made it difficult to obtain court orders banning strikes, picketing and union membership drives

Question 61

National Labor Relations Act (Wagner)

Answer 61

collective barganing, certification v. decertification, and National Labor Relations Board

Question 62

Fair Labor Standards Act

Answer 62

set federal minimum wage and banned child labor

Question 63

Taft- Hartley Act

Answer 63

the balance between union and management authority

Question 64

collective bargaining

Answer 64

the process of negotiating a labor contract with an employer

Question 65

arbitration

Answer 65

step in the grievance procedure in which a neutral party hears the two sides of a dispute and renders binary decisions

Question 66

Union tactics

Answer 66

strikes, slowdowns, boycotts, pickets

Question 67

management tactics

Answer 67

lockouts, strikebreakers, injunctions