Module 2 Key Terms

Question 1

cell possessing properties of fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells that cause wound contraction

Answer 1

myofibroblast

Question 2

final phase of wound healing during which collagen matures and reorients along the liens of stress

Answer 2

maturation/remodeling

Question 3

proteases that degrade the extracellular matrix

Answer 3

matrix metalloproteases (MMPs)

Question 4

cell that helps initiate inflammation; secretes histamine, enzymes, and chemical mediators

Answer 4

mast cell

Question 5

when PMNs are pushed to the sides of a vessel wall

Answer 5

margination

Question 6

scar due to the overproduction of collagen that extends beyond the confines of the original wound

Answer 6

keloid

Question 7

cell surface receptors that allow cells to reversibly bind to the extracellular matrix

Answer 7

integrins

Question 8

first phase of wound healing, characterized by localized redness, heat, swelling, pain, decreased function

Answer 8

inflammation

Question 9

a pothole-type wound that fails to build a sufficient granulation matrix

Answer 9

hypo granular

Question 10

overproduction of collagen that stays within the confines of the original wound

Answer 10

hypertrophic scarring

Question 11

error of the proliferative phase in which too much granulation tissue is formed and epithelialization is delayed

Answer 11

hypergranulation

Question 12

a closed wound with tissue strength approachign normal

Answer 12

healed wound

Question 13

temporary structure composed of vascularized connective tissue that fills the wound void

Answer 13

granulation tissue

Question 14

dermal cells that produces collage, elastin, granulation tissue, and growth factors

Answer 14

fibroblast

Question 15

mixture of fluid, high levels of protein, and cells

Answer 15

exudate

Question 16

process by which keratinocytes resurface the wound defect

Answer 16

epithelialization

Question 17

keratinocyte migration over the lip or margins of the dermis

Answer 17

epibole

Question 18

the movement of PMNs through capillary walls

Answer 18

diapedesis

Question 19

a combination of primary and secondary wound healing processes in which the wound is first observed before primary closure

Answer 19

delayed primary closure

Question 20

separation of wound margins

Answer 20

dehiscence

Question 21

substance that is poisonous to human cells

Answer 21

cytotoxic agents

Question 22

signaling protein during the inflammatory phase of wound healing

Answer 22

cytokine

Question 23

local change of polarity at the site of integumentary injury

Answer 23

current injury

Question 24

pathological shortening of scar tissue resulting in a deformity

Answer 24

contracture

Question 25

enzyme that breaks down collagen

Answer 25

collagenase

Question 26

a wound in which the epithelial integrity has been restored

Answer 26

closed wound

Question 27

movement along a chemical gradient

Answer 27

chemotaxis

Question 28

substance that attracts cells

Answer 28

chemotactic agents

Question 29

formation of new blodo vevssels

Answer 29

angiogenesis

Question 30

endothelial cell that lines vessle walls

Answer 30

angioblasts

Question 31

wound caused by scraping or friction to the skin's surface

Answer 31

abrasion

Question 32

process by which myofibroblasts pull wound margins closer together, thereby decreasing the size of the defect

Answer 32

wound contraction

Question 33

proteases that regulate the activity of MMPs

Answer 33

tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteases (TIMPS)

Question 34

wound healing process in which granulation tissue is formed to fill the wound defect

Answer 34

secondary closure

Question 35

a substance released by injured cells that cause vasodilation

Answer 35

prostaglandin

Question 36

second phase of wound healing; building and regenerating phase consisting of angiogenesis, granulation tissue, formulation, wound, contraction, and epithelialization

Answer 36

proliferation

Question 37

process by which wounds heal if the wound margins can be approximated

Answer 37

primary closure

Question 38

cell that cleans the wound; secretes enzymes and inflammatory mediators

Answer 38

polymorphonuclear

Question 39

cell that helps control beeling; releases growth factors and chemotactic agents

Answer 39

platelet

Question 40

growth-promoting substance that increases or enhances cell size, proliferation, or activity

Answer 40

growth factor

Question 41

collection of necrotic cells, fibrin, collagen, and platelets that cover a superficial wound

Answer 41

scab

Question 42

cell that directs the repair process, secretes growth factors and enzymes, and destroys bacteria and debris

Answer 42

macrophage