Module 2: Pregnancy

Question 1

when does spermatogenesis begin and end

Answer 1

starts at the beginning of puberty and continues throughout life

Question 2

What hormone triggers spermatogenesis?

Answer 2

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 3

Where is sperm formed?

Answer 3

serminiferous tubles of the testes

Question 4

When is the reproductive window for women?

Answer 4

from the beginning of their first menstural period to their early 50s when menopause begins

Question 5

What hormone stimulated ovulation?

Answer 5

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 6

Where is oxytocin created, what does it target and whats it function?

Answer 6

created in hypothalamus
targets uterus and breast tissue
increases uterine contractions during intercourse, childbirth and breastfeeding

Question 7

Where is prolactin created, what does it target and whats it function?

Answer 7

created in anterior pituitary
targets breast tissue
stimulates milk production

Question 8

Where is FSH created, what does it target and whats it function?

Answer 8

created by anterior pituitary
targets ovaries & testes
stimulates focille development (production of ova and sperm)

Question 9

Where is luteinizing hormone created, what does it target?

Answer 9

created in anterior pitullary

targets and stimulates the testes and ovaries

Question 10

Where is estrogen created, what does it target and whats it function?

Answer 10

created in the ovaries

effects development of sex characteristics in women and puberty

Question 11

Where is progesterone created, what does it target and whats it function?

Answer 11

created in ovaries
effects menstural cycle
prepares breast tissue for breastfeeding, relaxes uterine muscles to endable embedding of embroyo

Question 12

Where is testosterone created, what does it target and whats it function?

Answer 12

created in testes

effects growth and maturation of male reproductive organs

Question 13

Where is relaxin created, what does it target and whats it function?

Answer 13

creates ovaries, breasts, placenta and prostate

targets smooth muscle, cardiac and connective tissue cells

Question 14

How long does pregnancy last?

Answer 14

38-40 weeks

Question 15

what is the time of the 1st trimester?

Answer 15

counted from implantation and stops at the end of the 12th week of gestation

Question 16

symptoms during 1st trimester of pregnancy

Answer 16

nausea, vomitting, urinary frequency and constipation

Question 17

what is a teratogen?

Answer 17

any agent or factor that causes an abnormality following fetal exposure during pregnancy

Question 17

what is a teratogen?

Answer 17

any agent or factor that causes an abnormality following fetal exposure during pregnancy

Question 18

events that occur in the first trimester

Answer 18

embryo implants into endometrium, foetus membranes differentiate into chorian and amnion

Question 19

time of 2nd trimester

Answer 19

13th week until 26th week

Question 20

why do women gain weight during the third trimester period

Answer 20

extra blood volume, breasts, uterus and placenta

Question 21

when can heart beat be ausculated

Answer 21

between 17-20 weeks

Question 22

time of the 3rd trimester

Answer 22

27th week until birth

Question 23

cardiovascular changes during pregnancy

Answer 23

increase in circulating blood volume, low bp, peripheral oedema

Question 24

integumentary changes during pregnancy

Answer 24

increase in pigmentation

Question 25

gastrointestinal changes during pregnancy

Answer 25

morning sickness, weight gain, relaxation of GIT sphincters and muscles

Question 26

renal changes during pregnancy

Answer 26

glomerular filteration rate increases and decreases bladder capacity

Question 27

reproductive changes during pregnancy

Answer 27

increase in fundal height

Question 28

respiratory changes during pregnancy

Answer 28

increased lung capacity (by about 50%)

Question 29

Skeletal changes during pregnancy

Answer 29

increased mobility of joints

Question 30

what are some important nutrients during pregnancy

Answer 30

folate, iron, calcium

Question 31

what are some food alerts during pregnancy?

Answer 31

mercury and seafood

unpasteurised dairy products, cold cooked chicken, cold processed meats etc.

Question 32

what vaccines are encouraged for women planning to become/ are pregnant?

Answer 32

influenza and pertussis vaccine

Question 33

what time frame does perinatal mental health refer to?

Answer 33

during pregnancy and one year after birth

Question 34

incidence of perinatal depression, antenatal and postnatal, in Australia

Answer 34

antenatal: 1/10 women in Australia
postnatal: 1/6 women and 1/10 new dads in Australia

Question 35

During cardiac resuscitation of a women while a baby is in utero, why is it important to wedge something under her right hip (as long as it doesn’t impact compressions)?

Answer 35

it takes pressure off the inferior vena cava and reduce aortic pressure.