Module 2 readings Flashcards
(12 cards)
Patterns of stressful life events and polygenic scores for five mental disorders and neuroticism among adults with depression - Crouse et al. 2024
Higher genetic risk for several mental disorders were associated with an increased exposure to significant life events
Most consistently associated with childhood SLEs
Highlights involvement of environmental variables
Genetic effects influencing risk for major depressive disorder in China and Europe - Bigdeli et al. 2017
Analysis of PGS in Euro and Chinese populations with MDD > there were some shared genetic basis with PGS from one population having predictive power in the other
Higher genetic correlations when MDD was subtyped
GWAS identified a trans-ancestry locus near genes associated with neuronal function
Multiple measures of depression to enhance validity of major depressive disorder in the UK Biobank - Glanville et al. 2021
Investigate if definition sources outside of the MHQ can enhance validity of MDD diagnosis
Combining multiple non-MHQ measurements (hospital stats and interview data) could improve the validity of defining MDD
Using super healthy controls inflated heritability estimates indicating a need for standard controls
Polygenic Risk for Major Depression Interacts with Parental Criticism in Predicting Adolescent Depressive Symptom Development - Nelemans et al. 2020
6-year longitudinal community study examining the interaction between genetic risk for MDD and critical parenting in Dutch adolescents
Parental criticism was associated with increased levels of depressive symptoms with high PRS > supports the diathesis-stress model
Shows potential for prevention/intervention
Minimal phenotyping yields genome-wide association signals of low specificity for major depression - Cai et al. 2020
Compares minimal phenotyping vs strictly defined MDD using DSM-5 criteria
Minimal phenotyping results in a lower SNP-based heritability and association with non-MDD conditions > suggesting failure to capture specific SNPs and lack of specificity
Highlights the need for strict phenotyping to improve diagnosis
A sex-specific genome-wide association study of depression phenotypes in UK Biobank - Silveria et al. 2023
Investigates sex-specific genetic markers and pathways associated with MDD using UK biobank data
Females had significant correlations with genes implicated in metabolic traits, inflammation and educational attainment
Female specific pathways = dopamine signalling and neurotensin
Male specific pathways = epigenetic regulation
Sex specific PRS outperformed combined sample PRS in predicting depression = importance in differences between sexes
Polygenic Risk and Social Support in Predicting Depression Under Stress - Cleary et al. 2023
Examines how PRS for depression interacts with social support to predict depressive symptoms following major stressors = medical internships and widowhood
With medical internships, social support helped decrease depressive symptoms
With widowhood, social support increased depressive symptoms
Association of time spent in outdoor light and genetic risk with the incidence of depression - Lin et al. 2023
Measured the association between time spent in outdoor light and depression risk.
Lowest risk of depression was at 1.5hr/day with both shorter and longer exposure increasing depression risk
High PRS in combination with non-optimal exposure has 1.5x higher risk = interaction between genetics and environment
Short exposure was linked with reduced serotonin and vit D synthesis
Long exposure may disrupt circadian rhythms
Whole-exome sequencing in UK Biobank reveals rare genetic architecture for depression - Tian et al. 2024
Analysis of whole-exome sequencing of UK Biobank participants, showed that rare damaging coding variants in LOF intolerant genes significantly increased depression risk across multiple definitions
PTV burdens in brain-specific genes were strongly associated with EHR defined depression
Analysis of polygenic riskscore usage and performance in diverse human populations - Duncan et al. 2019
Analysed the translatibility of PRS scores in diverse human populations
Found that the predictive performance of European ancestry derived PRS is lower in non-european ancestry samples due to differences in variant frequencies and LD patterns
Linkage disequilibrium maps for European and African populations constructed from whole genome sequence data - Vergara-Lope et al. 2019
Investigated the LD pattern of European ancestries and African ancestries
Found that African populations had longer LD maps due to increased diversity
Indicates the need for more diverse data to increase accuracy
Polygenic risk score, healthy lifestyles, and risk of incident depression - Cao et al. 2021
Looked at whether a combination of healthy lifestyles is associated with lower risk of depression regardless of genetic risk
People with high-risk PRS and an unfavourable lifestyle had a 2-fold higher risk of depression
