Module 2 Recap

Question 1

Cations -

Answer 1

Positive ion

Question 2

Anion -

Answer 2

Negative ion

Question 3

Ionic Bonds:

Answer 3

• Formed between a metal and non-metal
• One atom loses electron(s) to the other.

Question 4

Polyatomic ions:

Answer 4

A group of covalently bonded atoms that form a single ion.

Question 5

Ionic Compounds:

Answer 5

• Formed from ions electrostatically held together.
• High melting and boiling points.
• Soluable in water.
• Conduct electricity when liquid or in a solution as the electrons are free to move.
• Form giant ionic lattices.

Question 6

Covalent Compounds:

Answer 6

• Low melting and boiling points due to weaker intermolecular forces.
• Insoluable in water.
• Do not conduct electricity.
• Volatile.
• Lattice structure.

Question 7

Metals and non-metals react to form __.

Answer 7

Ionic compounds.

Question 8

Non-metals react to form _.

Answer 8

Covalent compounds.

Question 9

Molecule:

Answer 9

A particle that consists of two or more atoms bonded together.

Question 10

Compound:

Answer 10

A particle that consists of two or more DIFFERENT atoms bonded together.
- All compounds are molecules, but all molecules are not compounds for this reason.

Question 11

Covalent bonds:

Answer 11

When two atoms share a pair of electrons to get a full outer shell.

Question 12

Structure of Diamond:

Answer 12

Diamond is a giant covalent structure. It is formed from a repeating patter of a single carbon atom, bonded to 4 others. It has a tetraedral shape.

Question 13

Structure of Graphite:

Answer 13

Graphite has a giant covalent structure. It is formed from hexagonal rings of 6 carbon atoms, that form layers. The layers are stacked ontop of each other and they can slide across each other, making graphite quite soft.

Question 14

Metallic bonding:

Answer 14

The atoms are tightly packed together so to allow the valance electrons to delocalise. The bond is the electrostatic attraction between free electrons and posotive ions.