What is a gross examination?
visible to the unaided eye
In a healthy middle-aged individual, carbon monoxide concentration greater than …… is considered fatal
50-60%
What are tangential fractures lines?
encircle point of impact
What is livor mortis?
pooling of blood
What is rigor mortis?
stiffness
What is algor mortis?
cooling of body
What wounds does blunt trauma cause?
lacerations
What wounds do sharp objects cause?
incisions
What is exsanguination?
bleeding to death
What is the manner of death?
how the death came to be
What is the cause of death?
how the person died
What is “grave wax” produced via?
saponification
What are 4 levels of progressive decomposition?
decay, fresh, bloat, dry
What insects are late stage scavengers?
hide beetles
What are the steps in the crime scene investigation process? (8)
assessment control preservation examination interpretation recording collection case management
What must a qualified CSI be able to do?
process anything found at a crime scene
What is an example of a non-pyrolyzable solid fuel?
charcoal
What should fire debris suspected of containing ignitable fluids be collected in?
sealed metal can
What are 2 examples of petroleum-based accelerants?
kerosene and gasoline
What is Mickrosil used for?
capturing fine details on sliding tool marks
What biological fluid does the acid phosphate test identify?
semen
What are blood and biological fluids collected in?
sealed paper bags
What are the products of complete combustion? (3)
heat, water and carbon dioxide
What is an example of a primary high explosive?
nitroglycerine
What are 3 tests for blood?
Hemastix
luminol
O-Tol
What is the preparation technique for fire debris samples containing hydrocarbons of low volatility?
solvent wash
What are the characteristics of an entry wound at contact (3), intermediate (1) and distant ranges (1)?
contact: soot on outside of skin
muzzle imprint
laceration from gases
intermediate: powder stippling
distant: hole roughly size of projectile caliber
Are exit wound generally larger or smaller than entry wounds?
larger
What type of guns have no rifling inside the barrel?
shot guns
What part of the gun will determine how long a force is applied to the bullet?
barrel length
What is not discharged from the rifle muzzle upon firing?
cartridge
What is the land-to-land diameter called?
caliber
What instrument is used for the identification of a firearm?
comparison microscope
What do rifled weapons have?
lands and grooves
What are the three types of rotational forces that can act on a bullet?
yaw
precession
nutation
What are the three types of damage bullets can cause to tissue?
laceration + crushing
cavitation
shock waves
What is the muzzle velocity?
speed of bullet exiting barrel
What is etching?
technique used to recover serial numbers that have been defaced