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Anatomy Exam 1 > Module 3 > Flashcards

Module 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Subcutaneous tissue is superficial to the dermis. True or False

A

False

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2
Q

Which of the following structures is an extension of deep fascia that contains fluid and prevents friction between muscles and bones?
-intermuscular septum
-bursae
-retinacula

A

Bursae

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3
Q

1st degree burn (Superficial Burn): Which layer of skin is effected?
Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous
Deep Fascia
Skeletal Muscle
All of above

A

Epidermis/ superficial damage

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4
Q

2nd degree burn (Partial Thickness burn)

A

Epidermis and Dermis
Sweat glands and follicles not damaged; provide source of replacement cells

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5
Q

3rd degree burn (Full thickness burn)

A

may extend to deep fascia and skeletal muscle

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6
Q

Muscles of mastication innervation

A

Cranial Nerve V3

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7
Q

Muscle, innervation, action

A

Temporalis; CN V3; Elevation & retraction of mandible (closing jaw)

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8
Q

Name, nerve, action

A

Massater; CNV3; Elevation & protraction of mandible (closing jaw)

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9
Q

Muscle

A

Medial Pterygoid

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10
Q

The neurocranium is made up of how many bones (name them)

A

8: frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid

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11
Q

True or False: Pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood

A

True

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12
Q

True or false: Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood

A

True

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13
Q

Which side of the heart is the pump for pulmonary circulation?

A

Right

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14
Q

Which side of the heart is the pump for systemic circulation?

A

Left

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15
Q

Which vessels are considered part of the pulmonary circulation?

A

Pulmonary veins (oxygenated)
Pulmonary arteries (deoxygenated)

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16
Q

Which vessels are considered part of the systemic circulation?

A

Superior vena cava
inferior vena cava
aorta

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17
Q

Pulmonary circulation vs systemic circulation

A

Pulmonary = heart –> lungs
Systemic = heart –> ENTIRE body

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18
Q

What nerve supplies the heart

A

Cardiac Plexus

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19
Q

Which area of the heart supplies the SA + AV Nodes, right atrium, most of the right ventricle & part of left ventricle?
Right OR Left Coronary Artery?

A

Right Coronary Artery

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20
Q

What are the two parts of the Peripheral Nervous System

A

1.)*Autonomic nervous system or visceral = body processes, function is homoestasis: sympathetic “flight or fight” and parasymapathetic “rest and digest”
2.)SoMatic NS = Sensory and Motor

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21
Q

What are the various layers of the pericardial sac and whats its function?

A

function: stabilizer and facilitates movement by fluid reducing friction

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22
Q

Name and describe the layers of the heart wall

A

1.) Epicardium
2.)Myocardium
3.) Endocardium

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23
Q

True of False: A typical long bone will have a central shaft (diaphysis) and two expanded ends (epiphyses).

A

True

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24
Q

Which of the following bones is considered a bone of the axial skeleton?
-ribs
-femur
-scapula

A

Ribs

25
Q

Which of the articulations involves two bones separated by a joint cavity that is surrounded by an articular capsule?
a.) Synovial Joint
b.) Fibrous joint
c.) Cartilaginous joint

A

A.) Synovial Joint

26
Q

*Which of the following joint types allow 3 degrees of freedom and circumduction?
Pivot
Condyloid
Ball and socket

A

Ball and socket*

27
Q

Which is the only type of muscle that is voluntary and receives innervation from the somatic nervous system?
a.) Skeletal
b.) Cardiac
c.) Smooth

A

a.) Skeletal

28
Q

Skeletal muscles can be named according to which of the following?
a.) shape, length, size, and/or position
b.) action
c.) attachment points
d.)number of heads of bellies
or ALL of the Above

A

All of the above

29
Q

Which of the following is considered the functional unit of skeletal muscles?
a.) muscle fiber
b.) motor unit
c.) endomysium

A

B.) Motor unit

30
Q

During a concentric contraction, a muscle will develop tension and shorten in length.
True of false

A

True

31
Q

What are the roles muscles play in order to produce complex actions that are typical of daily life activities?
a.) agonist
b.) antagonist
c.) synergist
d.) fixator
e.) all of the above

A

All of the above

32
Q

What type of bone is a patella (which is created in a tendon)?
long, short, flat, irregular or sesamoid

A

Sesamoid

33
Q

What is a contractile element of skeletal muscle?

A

sacromere

34
Q

Which of the following functional divisions of the nervous system carries information from the skin, muscles and joints?
a.) Somatic Sensory System
b.) Visceral sensory system
c.) Somatic motor system
d.) Visceral motor system

A

A.) Somatic Sensory System
-somatic motor system supplies skeletal muscles/ voluntary
-visceral motor system supplies cardiac/ smooth muscle/ involuntary

35
Q

Neurons are the structural and functional units of the nervous system. True or False

A

True

36
Q

What is the name of the space where one neuron communicates with another neuron or target tissue?
a.)cell body
b.)dendrites
c.)axon
d.)synapse

A

D.) Synapse

37
Q

Which of the following connective tissue structures surrounds a fascicle of nerve fibers?
a.) endoneurium
b.) perineurium
c.) epineurium

A

B.) Perineurium

38
Q

Body is anterior/ ventral motor
Bottom is posterior/ dorsal sensory
True of False

A

True

39
Q

Anterior/ Ventral OR Doral rami supplies regions of the trunk & upper (brachial plexus) & lower limbs (lumbosacral plexus)

A

Anterior/ Ventral Rami

40
Q

True or False: The ventral horn of the spinal cord contains the cell bodies of motor neurons and the ventral root contains the axons of these motor neurons.

A

True

41
Q

True or False: A spinal nerve contains both motor and sensory components.

A

True
Explanation:
The ventral and dorsal roots combine to form a mixed spinal nerve; thus, a spinal nerve contains both motor and sensory components.

42
Q

The ventral rami will supply which of the following parts of the body with motor and sensory innervation? Select all that apply
-back
-anterior portion of the trunk
-upper and lower limbs
-face

A

-anterior portion of the trunk
-upper and lower limbs
Explanation:
The spinal nerve will exit via the intervertebral foramen and immediately divide into a dorsal (posterior) and ventral (anterior) rami.
Dorsal rami: supplies the skin of the back and the deep muscles of the back and the ventral rami supply the anterior and lateral parts of the trunk and the limbs via plexus. The face receives its innervation from cranial nerves.

43
Q

True or False: A myotome is a unilateral area of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve.

A

False
A myotome is a unilateral muscle mass receiving innervation from a single spinal nerve. A dermatome is a unilateral area of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve.

44
Q

True of False: Sympathetic division (thoracolumbar)- “fight of flight”
Parasympathetic (craniosacral) division- “rest & digest”

A

True

45
Q

True or False: Pulmonary is on the right side (DE-oxygenated) heart to lungs
Systemic is on the left side of heart- pumps oxygenated blood to heart

A

True

46
Q

If your patient is experiencing bradycardia, what do you know about their heart rate?

A

It is below 60 beats per minute

47
Q

Which of the following structures form the pump for the pulmonary circulation?
Select all that apply.
-Right Atrium
-Left Atrium
-Right Ventricle
-Left Ventricle

A

Right Atrium and Right ventricle

48
Q

Which wall of the heart is considered the thickest and is made up of cardiac muscle?
- Epicardium
- Myocardium
- Endocardium
- Pericardium

A

Myocardium
The pericardium is a fibroserous sac that encases the heart

49
Q

Which of the following valves is located between the right atrium and right ventricle.
-tri-cuspid valve
-bi- cuspid or mitral valve
-semilunar valve

A

Tri-cuspid valve

50
Q

Which of the following great vessels of the heart carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium?

A

Pulmonary veins

51
Q

What is the difference between systole and dystole. Atrial depolarization (p-wave) & contraction is associated with Diastole or Systole?

A

Diastole

52
Q

Which of the following structures carry axons form both somatic motor (efferent) and somatic sensory (afferent) neurons?
-dorsal root ganglion
-ventral rami
-ventral root
-dorsal root

A

-ventral rami
-dorsal root

53
Q

Which of the following dermatome levels is associated with the thumb?
C6
T4
T10
L4

A

C6

54
Q

Which dermatome is associated with the belly button?
C6
T4
T10
L4

A

T10

55
Q

Which dermatome is associated with the clavicle?
C6
C4
T12
L4
T4

A

C4

56
Q

Which of the following structures of the eye is found in the vascular layer?
Sclera
Cornea
Iris
Retina

A

Iris

57
Q

Which of the following structures are responsible for closing the eye?
Orbicularis Oculi
Orbicularis Oris
Zygomatic major
Frontalis

A

Orbicularis Oculi

58
Q
A
59
Q
A

Anatomy Exam 1 (5 decks)

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