Module 3

Question 1

How do you measure the reproductive efficiency in cattle

Answer 1

Conception rate, weaning rate
services per conception
calving interval, calving season

Question 2

What is the female gonad and what is its function

Answer 2

Ovary, produces female gametes (Ova) and produces estrogen and progesterone

Question 3

Primordial follicles

Answer 3

Present at birth
decrease in number as female matures

Question 4

primary follicles

Answer 4

remain at this stage until puberty
most never ovulate and undergo atresia

Question 5

secondary follicles

Answer 5

increase in granulosa cell layers
formation of zona pellucida
theca interna and externa

Question 6

tertiary folicles

Answer 6

maturing follicles
antrum formation
- fluid filled space
- liquor folliculi

Question 7

What is the difference between a cow/ewe/sow/mare uterus and a human uterus

Answer 7

Animal have bicornuaate uteri where as humans have simplex uteri (no horns)

Question 8

What does a cow cervix look like

Answer 8

annular rings

Question 9

What does a Ewe cervix look like

Answer 9

annular rings

Question 10

What does a sow cervix look like

Answer 10

corkscrew

Question 11

What does a mare cervix look like

Answer 11

longitudinal folds

Question 12

What is the Main difference in chicken repro

Answer 12

Female has both right and left ovary but only the left develops, yolk is parent material ovulated and its a 24 hr process

Question 13

Testes and their function

Answer 13

Male gonads, function to produce male gametes (spermatozoa), produce male hormones (androgens) (testosterone)

Question 14

What hormones are required for spermatogenesis

Answer 14

FSH and LH

Question 15

what are the cell types for spermatogenesis

Answer 15

peritubular myoid, leydig, sertoli, gametes- spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids, spermatozoa

Question 16

What are the three parts to the penis

Answer 16

Root (crus penis), Body (corpus), Glans penis

Question 17

What is the difference between the fibroelastic penis and the vascular penis

Answer 17

Fibroelastic is with muscle and the vascular is with blood

Question 18

A BSE (Breeding Soundness Exam) does not

Answer 18

Guarantee fertility and does not detect libido

Question 19

Factors influencing a BSE

Answer 19

Age of male
Disease
Heat stress
Body Condition
Collection procedure

Question 20

Estrous cycle

Answer 20

physiologic events that occur between periods of sexual receptivity (Heat) and/or ovulations; such as in farm animals

Question 21

Estrus

Answer 21

Period of sexual receptivity

Question 22

Anestrus

Answer 22

condition when females do not exhibit regular estrous cycles

Question 23

Polyestrus

Answer 23

uniform distribution of estrous cycles occurring regularly throughout the year
cow, sow

Question 24

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

Answer 24

Source: anterior pituitary
Targets: Ovary and testis
Functions: ovulation, corpus leteum (CL) formaiton, progesterone production, testosterone production,

Question 25

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

Answer 25

Source: Anterior pituitary Targets: Ovary and testis Function: follicular development, estrogen synthesis, sperm production,

Question 26

What does GnRH stand for and what is the function

Answer 26

Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone it releases LH and FSH

Question 27

How longs is the Ewe estrous cycle

Answer 27

17 days

Question 28

Seasonally polyestrous animals only cycle during certain times of the year. horses cycle when daylight hours are ______ and sheep cycle when daylight hours are _______. in class we discussed some reasons why this may be. One reason was _____ length of the animal.

Answer 28

long, short, gestation

Question 29

What hormone starts parturition

Answer 29

cortisol released from the fetus

Question 30

what is relative dystocia

Answer 30

normal sized calf and a small birth canal

Question 30

absolute dystocia

Answer 30

abnormally large calf and a normally sized birht canal

Question 31

What are some of the visual signs of estrus detection

Answer 31

Inspect 30 minutes in the morning and in the evening standing to be mounted (lordosis) Mounting of other cows swollen vulva mucus

Question 32

what percent of calfs are bred artificially

Answer 32

80-90%

Question 33

what is PGF2a

Answer 33

prostaglandin F2a

Question 34

what is MGA

Answer 34

melengestrol acetate

Question 35

What synchronization product is like an IUD

Answer 35

Eazi-Breed CIDR

Question 36

What is a gonad

Answer 36

on argan that produces sperm or ova

Question 37

what is a gamete

Answer 37

sperm and ova

Question 38

What area of the epididymis is mature sperm stored

Answer 38

tail

Question 39

Where is the mitochondria on sperm

Answer 39

mid piece