Module 3 Flashcards
1
Q
What is the primary purpose of sig codes?
A
To ensure that patients can understand their medication instructions and to standardize communication in prescriptions.
2
Q
What are sig codes?
A
Shorthand instructions used in prescriptions, primarily derived from Latin, to communicate medication instructions clearly.
3
Q
What is the required format for writing a sig?
A
Verb + Quantity + Dosage Form + Route of Administration + Time + Special Instructions.
4
Q
Provide an example of a sig.
A
“Take one tablet by mouth twice daily.”
5
Q
What does the “verb” in a sig represent?
A
The action to be taken, such as “take” or “give.”
6
Q
How should the quantity be expressed in a sig?
A
Use “1 or 2 tablet(s)” to indicate both singular and plural forms.
7
Q
What is the significance of the dosage form in a sig?
A
It specifies the form of medication, such as tablet, capsule, or liquid.
8
Q
How should the route of administration be mentioned in a sig?
A
Only mention it once per sig (e.g., “by mouth”).
9
Q
What are the instructions for writing sigs for children?
A
Use “Take” for children over 12 and adults; use “Give” for children 11 and under.
10
Q
What special considerations are there for writing sigs for antibiotics?
A
For mixed antibiotic liquids: “Take XmL by mouth three times a day for 7 days - then discard remainder.”
For exact amounts: “Take XmL by mouth three times a day for 7 days until finished.”
11
Q
Why is it important to read sigs aloud?
A
To verify clarity and ensure that the instructions make sense.
12
Q
What are some key tasks pharmacy assistants should complete to reinforce learning?
A
Complete assigned readings and self-check all assignments related to sig codes.
13
Q
What is the purpose of prescription transcription?
A
To assist pharmacy staff in accurately interpreting and transcribing prescriptions, ensuring patient safety and effective communication.
14
Q
Name the verb used for oral medication in adults.
A
Take
15
Q
What verb is used for administering oral medication to children and pets under 12?
A
Give
16
Q
Which verb indicates the application of topical medications?
A
Apply
17
Q
What verb is used for rectal or vaginal medications?
A
Unwrap and Insert
18
Q
What verb is used for otic (ear) or ophthalmic (eye) drops?
A
Instill
19
Q
Which verb indicates the method of parenteral (injection) administration?
A
Inject
20
Q
What verb is used for sublingual or buccal medications?
A
Dissolve
21
Q
What does “Swish and Spit” refer to in medication administration?
A
Oral mouthwash
22
Q
What verb is used for chewable tablets?
A
Spray / Inhale
23
Q
What are Latin abbreviations used for in prescriptions?
A
They are shorthand used in prescription directions (SIG) that must be translated into English.
24
Q
Why is context important when interpreting Latin abbreviations?
A
Some abbreviations have multiple meanings, and context helps determine the correct interpretation.
25
What does "aa" stand for in Latin abbreviations?
Equal parts of each
26
What does "aaa" mean?
Apply to affected area(s)
27
What does "ac" indicate?
Before meals
28
What does "bid" mean?
Twice daily
29
What does "hs" stand for?
At bedtime
30
What does "NPO" mean?
Nothing by mouth
31
What does "prn" indicate?
As needed
32
What does "qd" mean?
Once daily
33
What does "tid" stand for?
Three times daily
34
What challenges do pharmacy staff face when interpreting abbreviations?
Some abbreviations have multiple meanings, and combinations of abbreviations can lead to misinterpretation.
35
What are common time indicators in prescriptions?
hr (hour), d (day), wk (week), mo (month)
36
What are common quantity indicators?
Numbers (1, 2, 3, etc.) and units (g, mg, mL).
37
What does "ADR" stand for?
Adverse drug reaction
38
What does "NKA" mean?
No known allergies
39
What does "DAW" indicate?
Dispense as written
40
Provide examples of drugs written in shorthand.
ASA (aspirin), 5-FU (fluorouracil), AZT (zidovudine).
41
What does "IM" stand for in Latin abbreviations?
Intramuscularly
42
What does "IV" indicate?
Intravenously
43
What does "IVP" mean?
Intravenous push
44
What does "IVPB" stand for?
Intravenous piggyback
45
What does "liq" refer to?
Liquid
46
What does "lot" mean?
Lotion
47
What does "MDI" stand for?
Metered dose inhaler
48
What does "N/V" indicate?
Nausea and vomiting
49
What does "q" mean in prescription terms?
Each, every
50
What does "qam" stand for?
Every morning
51
What does "qid" mean?
Four times daily
52
What does "qod" indicate?
Every other day
53
What does "qs" mean?
Sufficient quantity
54
What does "s" stand for?
Without
55
What does "SL" refer to?
Sublingual (under the tongue)
56
What does "SOB" mean?
Shortness of breath
57
What does "supp" stand for?
Suppository
58
What does "susp" mean?
Suspension
59
What does "syr" refer to?
Syrup
60
What does "tab" stand for?
Tablet
61
What does "tsp" mean?
Teaspoonful
62
What does "tbsp" indicate?
Tablespoonful
63
What does "tuss" refer to?
Cough
64
What does "uf" mean?
Until finished
65
What does "ung" stand for?
Ointment
66
What does "ud" mean?
As directed
67
What is the significance of understanding shorthand for specific drugs in pharmacy practice?
It ensures accurate dispensing and effective communication with healthcare providers.
68
What should pharmacy staff avoid when interpreting combinations of abbreviations?
Using the word "and" unless certain of its correctness, as it can imply more frequent use of medication.
69
What does "gtt/gtts" stand for?
Drop(s)
70
What does "pc" mean in prescription terms?
After meals or food
71
What does "pr" indicate?
Rectally
72
What does "pm" stand for?
Evening
73
What does "q2h" mean?
Every 2 hours
74
What does "q3h" indicate?
Every 3 hours
75
What does "q4h" mean?
Every 4 hours
76
What does "q6h" indicate?
Every 6 hours
77
What does "q8h" mean?
Every 8 hours
78
What does "q12h" indicate?
Every 12 hours
79
What does "1/7" mean?
1 day
80
What does "10/7" indicate?
10 days
81
What does "1/52" mean?
1 week (7 days)
82
What does "1/12" indicate?
1 month (always 30 days)
83
What does "x 5d" mean?
For 5 days
84
What does "mEq" stand for?
Milliequivalent
85
What does "mcg" refer to?
Microgram
86
What does "u or U" mean?
Unit
87
What does "gr" stand for?
Grain
88
What does "IU" indicate?
International units
89
What does "mL" refer to?
Milliliter
90
What is the importance of careful interpretation of Latin abbreviations in pharmacy practice?
To avoid miscommunication and ensure patient safety.
91
What should pharmacy staff do when faced with combinations of abbreviations?
Interpret carefully to avoid misinterpretation.
92
What does "DAW" signify in prescriptions?
Dispense as written, indicating no substitutions.
93
What does "NKA" mean?
No known allergies.
94
What does "NKDA" stand for?
No known drug allergies.
95
What does "Tx" refer to?
Treatment
96
What does "Dx" mean?
Diagnosis
97
What does "SOB" stand for in medical terms?
Shortness of breath.
98
What does "elix" refer to?
Elixir
99
What does "nebs" mean?
Nebules
100
What does "stat" indicate?
At once or immediately.
101
Common Latin Abbreviations:
"bid": Twice daily.
"tid": Three times daily.
"prn": As needed.
"ac": Before meals.
"hs": At bedtime.
"NPO": Nothing by mouth.
102
Routes of Administration:
Oral: "Take" for adults, "Give" for pets/children.
Topical: "Apply" for creams, lotions, etc.
Rectal/Vaginal: "Unwrap and Insert."
Otic/Ophthalmic: "Instill" for ear/eye drops.
Parenteral: "Inject" for injections.
Inhalation: "Inhale" for inhalers and capsules.
103
Interpretation Challenges:
Some abbreviations have multiple meanings (e.g., "od" can mean "once daily" or "right eye").
Context is crucial for accurate interpretation.
Avoid ambiguous terms like "and" unless certain of the meaning.
104
Quantities and Units:
Familiarity with shorthand for quantities (e.g., "1," "2," "10," "100") and units (e.g., "mg," "mL," "g").
Understanding terms indicating time (e.g., "hr" for hour, "d" for day).
105
Other Notations:
ADR: Adverse drug reaction.
NKA: No known allergies.
DAW: Dispense as written.
106
Shorthand for Specific Drugs:
Recognizing common shorthand (e.g., "ASA" for aspirin, "5-FU" for fluorouracil).
107
Importance of Accurate Transcription:
Ensures patient safety and effective medication administration.
Reduces the risk of errors in dispensing medications.
108
What is a prescription?
A written order from a licensed healthcare provider for a specific medication to be dispensed to a patient.
109
Why are prescriptions important?
They ensure that patients receive the correct medication, dosage, and instructions for safe use.
110
What information is included in the prescriber information section?
Name of the prescriber
Address
Town and Province
Postal Code
Phone Number
111
What is the purpose of the prescriber information?
It identifies the healthcare provider responsible for the prescription.
112
What details are included in the patient information section?
Patient's Name
Address
Phone Number
Relevant information (e.g., weight for pediatric patients)
113
Why is patient information important?
It ensures the medication is prescribed for the correct individual.
114
What does the date on a prescription indicate?
The date on which the prescription is written, essential for tracking validity and timing.
115
What does the "Rx" symbol signify?
It indicates that the following information pertains to a prescription, derived from the Latin word "recipe," meaning "take."
116
What is included in the inscription section of a prescription?
Medication prescribed (e.g., Amoxil 500mg)
Strength and form (e.g., 1 cap PO q8h uf)
117
What is the purpose of the inscription?
It specifies the exact medication and dosage for the patient.
118
Give an example of a signa instruction.
"1 cap PO q8h uf" means taking one capsule by mouth every 8 hours as needed.
119
What does the signa section provide?
Directions for the patient on how to take the medication (commonly called the sig).
120
What is included in the subscription section?
Instructions to the pharmacist on how to dispense the medication (e.g., M: 21 capsules).
121
What is the purpose of the subscription?
It guides the pharmacist in preparing the medication for the patient.
122
Why is the prescriber’s signature required on a prescription?
It confirms that the prescriber has authorized the medication and its instructions, making the prescription valid.
123
What information is provided regarding refills and intervals?
Number of refills allowed (Repeat ____ Times)
Intervals for medication (_____ Days Apart)
124
What is the significance of refills and intervals in a prescription?
They provide guidelines for how often the patient can obtain refills and the schedule for taking the medication.
125
What are the key sections of a prescription?
1- Prescriber Information
2 - Patient Information
3 - Date
4 - Rx (Superscription)
5 - Inscription
6 - Signa
7 - Subscription
8 - Signature
9 - Refills and Intervals
126
What is the role of the prescriber in the prescription process?
The prescriber is responsible for evaluating the patient's condition, determining the appropriate medication, and providing clear instructions for its use.
127
How does including a patient's weight enhance safety in prescriptions?
It allows for accurate dosage calculations, especially in pediatric patients, minimizing the risk of underdosing or overdosing.
128
What does "PO" stand for in prescription instructions?
"PO" stands for "per os," which means "by mouth."
129
What does "q8h" indicate in a prescription?
"q8h" means "every 8 hours," indicating the frequency of medication administration.
130
What does "uf" mean in the context of a prescription?
"uf" stands for "as needed," indicating that the medication should be taken only when necessary.
131
What is the significance of the "M:" notation in the subscription section?
"M:" indicates the total amount of medication prescribed (e.g., M: 21 capsules means 21 capsules are to be dispensed).
132
What are the implications of a missing signature on a prescription?
A missing signature can render the prescription invalid, leading to potential legal issues, medication errors, and delays in patient care.
133
How does the prescription template facilitate communication between prescribers and pharmacists?
It provides clear instructions through sections like Subscription and Signa, ensuring pharmacists understand how to dispense the medication correctly.
134
What is the purpose of the "Do Not Repeat" section in a prescription?
It indicates that the prescription should not be refilled beyond the specified number of times or intervals.
135
Why is it important for prescriptions to be standardized?
Standardization helps prevent errors, ensures clarity, and promotes safe medication practices across healthcare settings.
136
What should be done if a prescription is unclear or incomplete?
The pharmacist should contact the prescriber for clarification before dispensing the medication to ensure patient safety.
137
What is the role of the pharmacist in the prescription process?
The pharmacist verifies the prescription, dispenses the medication, provides patient counseling, and ensures safe medication use.
138
What is the purpose of the "Inscription" section in a prescription?
It details the specific medication prescribed, including its generic or brand name, strength, and dosage form.
139
What information is typically included in the "Refills" section?
The number of times the prescription can be refilled and any specific instructions regarding the timing of those refills.
140
What does the term "Subscription" refer to in a prescription?
It refers to the instructions given to the pharmacist on how to prepare and dispense the medication.
141
Why is it important to include the patient's phone number in the prescription?
It allows the pharmacist or healthcare provider to contact the patient for any clarifications or follow-up regarding the medication.
142
What does the "Date" section signify in a prescription?
It indicates when the prescription was written, which is crucial for determining the validity period of the prescription.
143
How does the prescription template enhance patient safety?
By providing a standardized format that includes all necessary information, reducing the risk of errors in medication dispensing.
144
What is the significance of including the prescriber's fax number?
It allows for quick communication between the pharmacy and the prescriber, facilitating clarifications or additional information if needed.
145
What does "Amoxil 500mg" represent in the prescription?
It is the specific medication being prescribed, indicating the brand name (Amoxil) and its strength (500mg).
146
What does the abbreviation "q" stand for in prescription instructions?
"q" stands for "quaque," which means "every" in Latin, used to indicate frequency.
147
What is the role of the "Signature" section in a prescription?
It confirms the prescriber's authorization of the medication and its instructions, making the prescription legally valid.
148
How can the prescription template help in managing chronic conditions?
By clearly outlining medication regimens, refills, and intervals, it supports adherence to treatment plans for chronic conditions.
149
What should a pharmacist do if a prescription lacks necessary information?
The pharmacist should reach out to the prescriber for clarification to ensure safe and effective medication dispensing.
150
What is the importance of the "Patient Information" section?
It ensures that the medication is tailored to the specific needs of the patient, including any relevant medical history.
151
What does "uf" indicate in the context of medication instructions?
"uf" means "as needed," indicating that the medication should be taken only when necessary.
152
Why is it essential to have clear directions in the "Signa" section?
Clear directions help patients understand how to take their medication correctly, which is vital for treatment effectiveness and safety.
153
What is the significance of the "Rx" symbol in a prescription?
The "Rx" symbol indicates that the document is a prescription, derived from the Latin word "recipe," meaning "take."
154
What information is captured in the "Prescriber Information" section?
It includes the prescriber's name, address, phone number, and fax number, which helps identify the healthcare provider.
155
How does the prescription template address pediatric patients specifically?
It includes a note to obtain the child's weight, which is crucial for calculating appropriate dosages.
156
What does "1 cap PO q8h uf" mean in a prescription?
It means the patient should take 1 capsule by mouth every 8 hours as needed.
157
Why is the "Patient Information" section important?
It ensures that the medication is appropriate for the patient and allows for personalized care based on their medical history.
158
What does "Repeat ____ Times" indicate in a prescription?
It specifies how many times the prescription can be refilled, guiding the patient and pharmacist on medication access.
159
What role does the "Signature" of the prescriber play in the prescription?
The signature validates the prescription, confirming that the prescriber has authorized the medication and its instructions.
160
How does the prescription template help prevent medication errors?
By providing a standardized format that includes all necessary sections, it reduces ambiguity and enhances clarity for both prescribers and pharmacists.
161
What is the purpose of the "Do Not Repeat" section in a prescription?
It indicates that the prescription should not be refilled beyond the specified number of times, ensuring controlled medication use.
162
How can the "Intervals" section impact patient adherence?
By clearly stating how often medication should be taken, it helps patients follow their treatment regimen more effectively.
163
What should a pharmacist do if they notice discrepancies in a prescription?
They should contact the prescriber for clarification to ensure the patient receives the correct medication and dosage.
164
Why is it important for the prescription to include the date it was written?
The date helps determine the validity of the prescription and ensures timely medication management.
165
What does "M: 21 capsules" indicate in the prescription?
It specifies the total quantity of medication to be dispensed, in this case, 21 capsules.
166
How does the prescription template support effective communication between healthcare providers?
It standardizes the information shared, making it easier for prescribers and pharmacists to understand and act on the prescription.
167
What is the importance of including the patient's phone number in the prescription?
It allows for follow-up communication regarding the medication, ensuring the patient understands how to use it properly.
168
What is the primary function of the "Prescriber Information" section?
It identifies the healthcare provider, including their name, address, phone number, and fax number, ensuring clear communication.
169
Why is the "Patient Information" section critical in a prescription?
It captures essential details about the patient, such as name, address, and phone number, which are necessary for personalized care.
170
What does the "Date" on a prescription indicate?
It shows when the prescription was written, which is important for tracking the validity and timing of medication use.
171
What does the "Inscription" section include?
It lists the medication prescribed, including the generic or brand name, strength, and dosage form.
172
What is the purpose of the "Signa" section in a prescription?
It provides specific directions for the patient on how to take the medication, ensuring proper usage.
173
How does the "Subscription" section assist pharmacists?
It contains instructions on how to prepare and dispense the medication, guiding the pharmacist in their role.
174
What does the "Refills" section indicate?
It specifies how many times the prescription can be refilled, which is crucial for ongoing medication management.
175
Why is the prescriber's signature essential on a prescription?
It validates the prescription, confirming that the prescriber has authorized the medication and its instructions.
176
What does "M: 21 capsules" signify in the prescription?
It indicates the total quantity of medication to be dispensed, in this case, 21 capsules.
177
How does including patient weight enhance safety in pediatric prescriptions?
It allows for accurate dosage calculations based on the child's weight, minimizing the risk of underdosing or overdosing.
178
What does "1 cap PO q8h uf" mean in the context of medication instructions?
It instructs the patient to take 1 capsule by mouth every 8 hours as needed.
179
What is the significance of the "Do Not Repeat" section?
It indicates that the prescription should not be refilled beyond the specified number of times, ensuring controlled medication use.
180
How does the prescription template facilitate communication between prescribers and pharmacists?
It provides a clear and standardized format that reduces ambiguity and enhances understanding of medication instructions.
181
What should a pharmacist do if a prescription lacks necessary information?
They should contact the prescriber for clarification to ensure safe and effective medication dispensing.
182
Why is it important for the prescription to include the patient's phone number?
It allows for follow-up communication regarding the medication, ensuring the patient understands how to use it properly.
183
Prescriber Information
Importance: Identifies the healthcare provider responsible for the prescription.
Details Included: Name, address, phone number, and fax number.
184
Patient Information
Importance: Ensures the medication is appropriate for the individual.
Details Included: Name, address, phone number, and relevant information (e.g., weight for pediatric patients).
185
Date
Importance: Indicates when the prescription was written, which is crucial for tracking validity.
186
Rx (Superscription)
Meaning: The symbol "Rx" signifies a prescription and is derived from the Latin word "recipe," meaning "take."
187
Inscription
Details Included: Lists the medication prescribed, including:
Generic or brand name
Strength
Dosage form
188
Signa (Directions)
Purpose: Provides clear instructions for the patient on how to take the medication.
189
Subscription
Purpose: Contains instructions for the pharmacist on how to dispense the medication.
190
Signature
Importance: The prescriber's signature is required for the prescription's validity, confirming authorization.
191
Refills and Intervals
Refills: Indicates how many times the prescription can be refilled.
Intervals: Specifies the timing for medication refills, which helps in managing patient adherence.
192
Pediatric Considerations
Weight: Including the patient's weight is essential for calculating appropriate dosages for children.
193
Medication Instructions
Example: "1 cap PO q8h uf" means the patient should take 1 capsule by mouth every 8 hours as needed.
194
Communication
Facilitation: The template standardizes communication between prescribers and pharmacists, reducing the risk of errors.
195
Legal Implications
Missing Signature: A prescription without a signature may be considered invalid, leading to potential legal issues and medication errors.
196
1 TAB TID PRN
Transcription: Take 1 tablet by mouth three times daily as needed.
Steps:
"1 TAB" = 1 tablet
"TID" = three times a day
"PRN" = as needed
197
1 SUPP PR QHS
Transcription: Unwrap and insert 1 suppository rectally every evening at bedtime.
Steps:
"1 SUPP" = 1 suppository
"PR" = per rectum
"QHS" = every night at bedtime
198
1 CAP QID CC
Transcription: Take 1 capsule by mouth four times daily with meals.
Steps:
"1 CAP" = 1 capsule
"QID" = four times a day
"CC" = with meals
199
2 TAB AC BID
Transcription: Take 2 tablets by mouth twice daily before meals.
Steps:
"2 TAB" = 2 tablets
"AC" = before meals
"BID" = twice a day
200
1 OD UD
Transcription: Instill 1 drop into the right eye as directed by the physician.
Steps:
"1 OD" = 1 drop in the right eye
"UD" = as directed
201
2 GTT AU Q2H
Transcription: Instill 2 drops into each ear every 2 hours.
Steps:
"2 GTT" = 2 drops
"AU" = both ears
"Q2H" = every 2 hours
202
1 TSP QHS PRN COUGH
Transcription: Take 5 mLs by mouth every evening as needed for cough.
Steps:
"1 TSP" = 1 teaspoon (5 mLs)
"QHS" = every night at bedtime
"PRN COUGH" = as needed for cough
203
3 PO CAP Q3H X 5D
Transcription: Take 3 capsules by mouth every 3 hours for 5 days.
Steps:
"3 PO CAP" = 3 capsules by mouth
"Q3H" = every 3 hours
"X 5D" = for 5 days
204
1 GTT QID OS
Transcription: Instill 1 drop into the left eye four times daily.
Steps:
"1 GTT" = 1 drop
"QID" = four times a day
"OS" = into the left eye
205
2 STAT, 1 Q4H X 10D
Transcription: Take 2 tablets by mouth now, then take 1 tablet every 4 hours for 10 days.
Steps:
"2 STAT" = Take 2 tablets now
"1 Q4H" = then take 1 tablet every 4 hours
"X 10D" = for 10 days
206
1 TAB PO HS
Transcription: Take 1 tablet by mouth every evening at bedtime.
Steps:
"1 TAB" = 1 tablet
"PO" = by mouth
"HS" = at bedtime
207
1 CAP PO QAM
Transcription: Take 1 capsule by mouth every morning.
Steps:
"1 CAP" = 1 capsule
"PO" = by mouth
"QAM" = every morning
208
1 TAB PO TID PC
Transcription: Take 1 tablet by mouth three times daily after meals.
Steps:
"1 TAB" = 1 tablet
"PO" = by mouth
"TID" = three times a day
"PC" = after meals
209
2 PUFF AM & 1 HS PRN
Transcription: Inhale 2 puffs every morning, and 1 puff in the evening as needed.
Steps:
"2 PUFF" = 2 puffs
"AM" = in the morning
"1 HS" = 1 puff at bedtime
"PRN" = as needed
210
2 TAB QOD
Transcription: Take 2 tablets by mouth every other day.
Steps:
"2 TAB" = 2 tablets
"QOD" = every other day
211
1 TAB PO AM, 2 PM, 1 HS
Transcription: Take 1 tablet by mouth in the morning, 2 tablets in the afternoon, and 1 tablet at bedtime.
Steps:
"1 TAB" = 1 tablet
"PO" = by mouth
"AM" = in the morning
"2 PM" = 2 tablets in the afternoon
"1 HS" = 1 tablet at bedtime
212
1 CAP PO Q2D X 30D
Transcription: Take 1 capsule by mouth every 2 days for 30 days.
Steps:
"1 CAP" = 1 capsule
"PO" = by mouth
"Q2D" = every 2 days
"X 30D" = for 30 days
213
2 TAB PO TID CC
Transcription: Take 2 tablets by mouth three times a day with meals.
Steps:
"2 TAB" = 2 tablets
"PO" = by mouth
"TID" = three times a day
"CC" = with meals
214
1 PO CAP QHS X 10/7
Transcription: Take 1 capsule by mouth every evening at bedtime for 7 days.
Steps:
"1 PO CAP" = 1 capsule by mouth
"QHS" = every evening at bedtime
"X 10/7" = for 7 days
215
1 Q2H OD
Transcription: Instill 1 drop into the right eye every 2 hours.
Steps:
"1" = 1 drop
"Q2H" = every 2 hours
"OD" = into the right eye
216
II QID X 10 DAYS
Transcription: Take 2 tablets by mouth four times daily for 10 days.
Steps:
"II" = 2 tablets
"QID" = four times a day
"X 10 DAYS" = for 10 days
217
II Q2H X 8D
Transcription: Take 2 tablets by mouth every 2 hours for 8 days.
Steps:
"II" = 2 tablets
"Q2H" = every 2 hours
"X 8D" = for 8 days
218
SS TSP QID X 14 DAYS
Transcription: Take ½ teaspoon by mouth four times daily for 14 days.
Steps:
"SS" = ½ (half)
"TSP" = teaspoon
"QID" = four times a day
"X 14 DAYS" = for 14 days
219
15 ML BID X 4 DOSES
Transcription: Take 15 mL by mouth twice daily for 4 doses.
Steps:
"15 ML" = 15 milliliters
"BID" = twice a day
"X 4 DOSES" = for 4 doses
220
5 ML PO BID X 4/7
Transcription: Take 5 mL by mouth twice daily for 4 days.
Steps:
"5 ML" = 5 milliliters
"PO" = by mouth
"BID" = twice a day
"X 4/7" = for 4 days
221
1 TAB TID AC X 10 DAYS
Transcription: Take 1 tablet by mouth three times daily before meals for 10 days.
Steps:
"1 TAB" = 1 tablet
"TID" = three times a day
"AC" = before meals
"X 10 DAYS" = for 10 days
222
I STAT, II Q6H PRN
Transcription: Take 1 tablet by mouth immediately, then take 2 tablets every 6 hours as needed.
Steps:
"I" = 1 tablet
"STAT" = immediately
"II" = 2 tablets
"Q6H" = every 6 hours
"PRN" = as needed
223
1 Q2-3H PRN X 10 DAYS
Transcription: Take 1 tablet by mouth every 2 to 3 hours as needed for 10 days.
Steps:
"1" = 1 tablet
"Q2-3H" = every 2 to 3 hours
"PRN" = as needed
"X 10 DAYS" = for 10 days
224
II Q4-6H X 1/52
Transcription: Take 2 tablets by mouth every 4 to 6 hours for 1 week.
Steps:
"II" = 2 tablets
"Q4-6H" = every 4 to 6 hours
"X 1/52" = for 1 week
225
5 ML TID X 10/7 PC
Transcription: Take 5 mL by mouth three times daily after meals for 10 days.
Steps:
"5 ML" = 5 milliliters
"TID" = three times a day
"PC" = after meals
"X 10/7" = for 10 days
226
1 QOD X 1/12
Transcription: Take 1 tablet by mouth every other day for 1 month.
Steps:
"1" = 1 tablet
"QOD" = every other day
"X 1/12" = for 1 month
227
1 PV QHS X 3D
Transcription: Insert 1 suppository vaginally every evening at bedtime for 3 days.
Steps:
"1" = 1 suppository
"PV" = vaginally
"QHS" = every evening at bedtime
"X 3D" = for 3 days
228
1 TID CC AND QHS X 6 DAYS
Transcription: Take 1 tablet by mouth three times daily with meals and every evening at bedtime for 6 days.
Steps:
"1" = 1 tablet
"TID" = three times a day
"CC" = with meals
"AND QHS" = and every evening at bedtime
"X 6 DAYS" = for 6 days
229
1 QD C LUNCH FOR 10/7
Transcription: Take 1 tablet by mouth every day with lunch for 10 days.
Steps:
"1" = 1 tablet
"QD" = every day
"C" = with
"LUNCH" = lunch
"FOR 10/7" = for 10 days
230
4QD X 4DAYS, 3QD X 4DAYS, 2QD X 4DAYS, 1QD X 5DAYS
Transcription: Take 4 tablets by mouth every day for 4 days, then 3 tablets every day for 4 days, then 2 tablets every day for 4 days, then 1 tablet every day for 5 days.
Steps:
"4QD X 4DAYS" = 4 tablets every day for 4 days
"3QD X 4DAYS" = 3 tablets every day for 4 days
"2QD X 4DAYS" = 2 tablets every day for 4 days
"1QD X 5DAYS" = 1 tablet every day for 5 days
231
15 – 30 ML TID X 3/52
Transcription: Take 15 to 30 mL by mouth three times daily for 3 weeks.
Steps:
"15 – 30 ML" = 15 to 30 milliliters
"TID" = three times a day
"X 3/52" = for 3 weeks
232
1 SL TID PRN SOB
Transcription: Take 1 tablet sublingually three times daily as needed for shortness of breath.
Steps:
"1" = 1 tablet
"SL" = sublingually
"TID" = three times a day
"PRN" = as needed
"SOB" = shortness of breath
233
1 SS BID PRN
Transcription: Take ½ tablet by mouth twice daily as needed.
Steps:
"1 SS" = ½ (half) tablet
"BID" = twice a day
"PRN" = as needed
234
1 PR BID AND AFTER EACH BM X 3/7
Transcription: Insert 1 suppository rectally twice daily and after each bowel movement for 3 days.
Steps:
"1" = 1 suppository
"PR" = rectally
"BID" = twice a day
"AND AFTER EACH BM" = and after each bowel movement
"X 3/7" = for 3 days
235
1 TAB PO QOD ALTERNATING WITH 2 TABS X 2/52
Transcription: Take 1 tablet by mouth every other day, alternating with 2 tablets every other day for 2 weeks.
Steps:
"1 TAB" = 1 tablet
"PO" = by mouth
"QOD" = every other day
"ALTERNATING WITH 2 TABS" = alternating with 2 tablets
"X 2/52" = for 2 weeks
236
A
ad (to)
237
AA
ante meridiem (before noon)
238
AC
ante cibum
239
AD
auris dextra (right ear)
240
AMP
ampule (a small sealed vial)
241
AQ
aqua (water)
242
AS
auris sinistra (left ear)
243
AD LIB
ad libitum (as desired)
244
AU
auris utraque (both ears)
245
C
centum (hundred)
245
BID
bis in die (twice a day)
246
CAP
capsule (a form of medication)
247
CC
cubic centimeter (ml)
248
GTT
guttae (drops)
249
H
hora (hour)
250
HS
hora somni (at bedtime)
251
IC
intracardiac (within the heart)
252
IM
intramuscular (within the muscle)
253
IV
intravenous (within the vein)
254
INJ
injection (a method of delivering medication)
255
LIQ
liquid (a form of medication)
256
MITTE
send (to dispense)
257
ML
millilitre (a unit of volume)
258
NOCT
nocte (at night)
259
NPO
ni per os (nothing by mouth)
260
OD
oculus dexter (right eye)
261
OS
oculus sinister (left eye)
262
OU
oculus uterque (both eyes)
263
OZ
ounce (a unit of weight)
264
PC
post cibum (After meals)
265
PO
per os (by mouth)
266
PER RECT
per rectum (by rectum)
267
PRN
pro re nata (as needed)
268
PRN PAIN
as needed for pain
269
Q
quaque (every)
270
QAM
quaque ante meridiem (every morning)
271
QD
quaque die (every day)
272
QH
quaque hora (every hour)
273
Q2H
quaque 2 hora (every 2 hours)
274
Q4H
quaque 4 hora (every 4 hours)
275
Q6H
quaque 6 hora (every 6 hours)
276
QID
quarter in die (four times a day)
277
QS
quantum sufficit (a sufficient quantity)
278
QS AD
a sufficient quantity in the right ear
279
RX
recipe (intake)
280
S
sine (without)
281
SC
subcutaneously (under the skin)
282
SL
sublingually (under the tongue)
283
SOB
shortness of breath
284
SS
half (1/2)
285
SIG
signa (label)
286
SUPP
suppository (a form of medication)
287
STAT
statim (immediately)
288
SYR
syrup (a form of medication)
288
TAB
tablet (a form of medication)
289
TBSP
tablespoon (a unit of volume)
290
TPN
total parenteral nutrition (nutrition provided intravenously)
291
TSP
teaspoon (a unit of volume)
292
TR
tincture (a solution of alcohol and medicinal substances)
293
TUSS
tussis (cough)
294
TID
ter in die (three times a day)
295
UD
ut dictum (as directed)
296
UNG
unguentum (ointment)
297
VAG
vaginally (in the vagina)
298
Haloperidol 5.0 mg
Correct to Haloperidol 5 mg (remove the trailing zero).
299
Synthroid .15 mg
Correct to Synthroid 0.15 mg (add a leading zero).
300
Atorvastatin 10mg
Correct to Atorvastatin 10 mg (add a space before the unit).
301
MgSO4
Correct to Magnesium sulfate (spell out the name).
302
Voltaren ointment 50 gm
Correct to Voltaren ointment 50 g (use "g" for grams).
303
Digoxin 0.25 mgm
Correct to Digoxin 0.25 mg (use "mg" instead of "mgm").
304
Humulin NPH 25 U
Correct to Humulin NPH 25 units (spell out "units").
305
Warfarin 5 mg qod
Correct to Warfarin 5 mg every other day (spell out "qod").
306
Common Medication Order Errors
Avoid trailing zeros; use leading zeros; spell out medication names to prevent confusion.
307
What is the primary purpose of calculating prescription quantities?
To determine the correct amount of medication to dispense when prescriptions lack complete information.
308
How do you calculate total quantity when the prescription includes days supply?
Multiply the daily dosage by the number of days prescribed.
Example: "Take 2 tablets by mouth twice daily for 30 days" → 2 × 2 × 30 = 120 tablets.
309
What is the calculation method when the prescription has total quantity but no days supply?
Divide the total quantity by the daily dosage.
Example: "Take 2 tablets by mouth once daily - Dispense 120" → 120 ÷ 2 = 60 days supply.
310
How should you handle prescriptions with varied instructions?
Assume the highest usage for calculations.
Example: "Take 1 to 2 tablets by mouth twice daily as needed for 10 days" → 2 × 2 × 10 = 40 tablets total.
311
Why is calculating days supply important?
It affects insurance reimbursement and ensures patients receive the correct amount of medication.
312
What does the abbreviation "BID" stand for?
Twice a day.
313
What does "PRN" mean in a prescription?
As needed.
314
What is the meaning of "AC" in medication instructions?
Before meals.
315
What does "TID" indicate?
Three times a day.
316
What is a common error when writing medication orders?
Using ambiguous abbreviations that can lead to misinterpretation.
317
How should "Digoxin 0.25 mgm" be corrected?
It should be written as "Digoxin 0.25 mg."
318
What is the correct way to write "Haloperidol 5.0 mg"?
Haloperidol 5 mg (remove the trailing zero).
319
Why is it important to use leading zeros in medication orders?
To prevent misinterpretation of dosages, especially with decimals.
320
What should you do if a prescription is unclear?
Always clarify with the prescriber to avoid medication errors.
321
What is the significance of completing a Dispensing Math Worksheet?
It reinforces learning and helps ensure accuracy in calculations.
322
