module 3 key terms

Question 1

A listing of all the books, periodicals, and other resources owned by a library.

Answer 1

catalogue

Question 2

A number used in libraries to classify books and periodicals and to indicate where they can be found on the shelves.

Answer 2

call number

Question 3

A work that synthesizes a large amount of related information for easy access by researchers.

Answer 3

reference work

Question 4

A research aid that catalogues articles from a large number of magazines, journals, and newspapers.

Answer 4

newspaper and periodical database

Question 5

A summary of a magazine or journal article, written by someone other than the original author.

Answer 5

abstract

Question 6

A database that catalogues articles from scholarly journals.

Answer 6

academic database

Question 7

An organization that, in the absence of a clearly identified author, is responsible for the content of a document on the Internet.

Answer 7

sponsoring organization

Question 8

An interview conducted to gather information for a speech.

Answer 8

research interview

Question 9

A list compiled early in the research process of works that look as if they might contain helpful information about a speech topic.

Answer 9

preliminary bibliography

Question 10

Putting a speech together in a particular way to achieve a particular result with a particular audience.

Answer 10

strategic organization

Question 11

The major points developed in the body of a speech.

Answer 11

main points

Question 12

A method of speech organization in which the main points follow a time pattern.

Answer 12

chronological order

Question 13

A method of speech organization in which the main points follow a directional pattern.

Answer 13

spatial order

Question 14

A method of speech organization in which the main points show a cause-effect relationship.

Answer 14

causal order

Question 15

A method of organizing persuasive speeches in which the first main point deals with the existence of a problem and the second main point presents a solution to the problem.

Answer 15

problem-solution order

Question 16

A method of speech organization in which the main points divide the topic into logical and consistent subtopics.

Answer 16

topical order

Question 17

The materials used to support a speaker’s ideas. The three major kinds of supporting materials are examples, statistics, and testimony.

Answer 17

supporting materials

Question 18

A word or phrase that connects the ideas of a speech and indicates the relationships among them.

Answer 18

connective

Question 19

A word or phrase that indicates when a speaker has finished one thought and is moving on to another.

Answer 19

transition

Question 20

A statement in the body of the speech that lets the audience know what the speaker is going to discuss next.

Answer 20

internal preview

Question 21

A statement in the body of the speech that summarizes the speaker’s preceding point(s).

Answer 21

internal summary

Question 22

A very brief statement that indicates where a speaker is in the speech or that focuses attention on key ideas.

Answer 22

signpost

Question 23

The materials used to support a speaker’s ideas. The three major kinds of supporting materials are examples, statistics, and testimony.

Answer 23

supporting materials

Question 24

A specific case used to illustrate or represent a group of people, ideas, conditions, experiences, or the like.

Answer 24

example

Question 25

A specific case referred to in passing to illustrate a point.

Answer 25

brief example

Question 26

A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point.

Answer 26

extended example

Question 27

An example that describes an imaginary or fictitious situation.

Answer 27

hypothetical example

Question 28

Numerical data.

Answer 28

statistics

Question 29

The average value of a group of numbers.

Answer 29

mean

Question 30

The middle number in a group of numbers arranged from highest to lowest.

Answer 30

median

Question 31

The number that occurs most frequently in a group of numbers.

Answer 31

mode

Question 32

Quotations or paraphrases used to support a point.

Answer 32

testimony

Question 33

Testimony from people who are recognized experts in their fields.

Answer 33

expert testimony

Question 34

Testimony from ordinary people with firsthand experience or insight on a topic.

Answer 34

peer testimony

Question 35

Testimony that is presented word for word.

Answer 35

direct quotation

Question 36

To restate or summarize an author’s ideas in one’s own words.

Answer 36

paraphrase

Question 37

Quoting a statement in such a way as to distort its meaning by removing the statement from the words and phrases surrounding it.

Answer 37

quoting out of context

Question 38

A speech designed to convey knowledge and understanding.

Answer 38

informative speech

Question 39

Anything that is visible, tangible, and stable in form.

Answer 39

object

Question 40

A systematic series of actions that leads to a specific result or product.

Answer 40

process

Question 41

Anything that happens or is regarded as happening.

Answer 41

event

Question 42

A belief, theory, idea, notion, principle, or the like.

Answer 42

concept

Question 43

A statement that depicts a person, event, idea, or the like with clarity and vividness.

Answer 43

description

Question 44

A statement of the similarities among two or more people, events, ideas, etc.

Answer 44

comparison

Question 45

A statement of the differences among two or more people, events, ideas, etc.

Answer 45

contrast

Question 46

To present one’s ideas in human terms that relate in some fashion to the experience of the audience.

Answer 46

personalize