Module 4

Question 1

Atmospheric Pressure is:

Answer 1

measurement of the force pushing against objects on Earth from gas particles in the air.

Question 2

Melting

Answer 2

changing solid to a liquid–endothermic

Question 3

Boiling (evaporation)

Answer 3

changing a substance from liquid to gas.–endothermic

Question 4

sublimation

Answer 4

changing from a solid to a gas without passing through liquid phase–endothermic

Question 5

Condensation

Answer 5

changing from gas to either a liquid or a solid–exothermic

Question 6

Freezing

Answer 6

Changing from liquid to solid–exothermic

Question 7

Vapor Pressure

Answer 7

the force of a gas on the surface of a liquid is a sealed container

Question 8

Surface tension

Answer 8

resistance of a liquid to increase it’s surface area

Question 9

Cohesion

Answer 9

tendency of molecules to stick together under tension and act as a combined unit

Question 10

Solution

Answer 10

uniform mixture of 2 or more substances combined in ratio’s.

Question 11

Solute

Answer 11

substance present in the largest amount and acts as the dissolving agent.

Question 12

Solvent

Answer 12

substance dissolved in the solvent and is present in a smaller amount

Question 13

Solubility

Answer 13

measurement of the amount of solute that will dissolve in a specific volume of solvent under given conditions.

Question 14

Saturated solution

Answer 14

solution that has maximum amount of solute dissolved in the given volume of solvent

Question 15

Unsaturated Solution

Answer 15

contains less solute particles than the maximum amount possible in the given volume of solvent

Question 16

Molarity

Answer 16

the number of moles of solute dissolved in a liter of solution

Question 17

Titration

Answer 17

process of measuring the volume of one solution required to react with a measured mass or volume of another substance until the moles are equal.

Question 18

Osmosis

Answer 18

diffusion of water molecules from a dilute solution through a semipermeable membrane into a more concentrated solution.

Question 19

dilute solution

Answer 19

pure water

Question 20

Colloidal dispersion

Answer 20

mixtures that are dispersed rather than dissolved

Question 21

Osmotic pressure

Answer 21

amount of pressure that must be applied to a solution to prevent flow of water through the semipermeable membrane.

Question 22

Colligative property

Answer 22

depend only on the number of solute particles in a solution, not on the nature of those solute properties.

Question 23

buffer

Answer 23

mixture of substances that resists changes in pH when small amounts of an acid or base are added to a solution.

Question 24

Amphiprotic

Answer 24

substance that can act as either an acid or a base depending on the substance it reacts with

Question 25

Ionization

Answer 25

formation of ions when neutral molecules like acids and bases react with water

Question 26

Electrolytes

Answer 26

substances that when dissolved in water form ions and conduct an electric current

Question 27

nonelecrolytes

Answer 27

substances that do not form ions when dissolved in water and don't conduct an electric current

Question 28

Conjugate Base

Answer 28

substance that remains after an acid has released or transferred the H ion (proton)

Question 29

Conjugate Acid

Answer 29

substance that remains after a base has accepted or taken the H ion.

Question 30

Strong electrolytes

Answer 30

substances that dissociate or ionize almost 100% when added to water

Question 31

Weak electrolytes

Answer 31

substances that dissociate or ionize slightly when added to water;

Question 32

pH Scale

Answer 32

simple and convenient method of expressing the H +1 concentration or acidity of a solution.

Question 33

Bronsted-Lowry

Answer 33

defines an acid as a proton donor and a base as a proton acceptor

Question 34

Lewis theory

Answer 34

an electron pair acceptor and a base as an electron pair donor.

Question 35

Gas Pressure

Answer 35

the force per unit of area

Question 36

Avagadro's Law

Answer 36

Directly proportional compares moles of gas present in a container and the volume of the gas. #of moles increases, the volume will increase. v1/n1=v2/n2

Question 37

Boyle's Law

Answer 37

Indirectly proportional compares pressure of gas and volume of gas volume decreases, the pressure of gas will increase P1 x V1= P2 x V2

Question 38

Charles' Law

Answer 38

Directly Proportional Compares temperature of a gas and the volume of the gas V1/T1=V2/T2

Question 39

Dalton's Law

Answer 39

Total pressure of a mixture is the sum of the partial pressures exerted by each gas. Ptotal= P1 + P2 + P3....

Question 40

Indicator

Answer 40

A chemical that changes colors and is used in titrations to signal when the number of moles of acid is = to the number of moles of base.

Question 41

Phenolphthalein

Answer 41

acid=clear base=pink

Question 42

litmus

Answer 42

acid=Pink base=Blue

Question 43

The products of a reaction between an acid and a base are:

Answer 43

Salt and Water

Question 44

Salt formed by reacting a strong acid with a weak base would tend to form an

Answer 44

Acidic Solution