Module 4

Question 1

These are series of elevation along the baseline at some point specified repetitive station interval.

Answer 1

Profiles

Question 2

It is the process of determining the elevation of points at regular stations along a definitely located centerline of a highway.

Answer 2

Profile Leveling

Question 3

It is plotted in a cross-section paper ruled with vertical and horizontal lines.

Answer 3

Profile

Question 4

It provides the basis for measuring the operating performance of highways.

Answer 4

Analysis of vehicle traffic

Question 5

It can be characterized by a number of different operational performance measures.

Answer 5

Traffic streams

Question 6

It is the flow of vehicles on a highway.

Answer 6

Traffic streams

Question 7

It is a traffic stream that operates free from the influence of such traffic control devices as signals and stop signs.

Answer 7

Uninterrupted flow

Question 8

This type of traffic flow is influenced primarily by roadway characteristics and the interactions of the vehicles in the traffic stream.

Answer 8

Uninterrupted Flow

Question 9

Freeways, multilane highways, and two-lane highways often operate under this flow condition.

Answer 9

Uninterrupted flow

Question 10

It is a traffic stream that operate under the influence of signals and stop signs.

Answer 10

Interrupted flow

Question 11

It is often measured over the course of a hour, in which case the resulting value is typically referred to as volume.

Answer 11

Row

Question 12

It is generally understood that the corresponding value is in units of vehicles per hour.

Answer 12

Volume

Question 13

It is more generalized to account for the measurement of vehicles over any period of time.

Answer 13

Flow

Question 14

It is usually based on the peak 15 - minute flow within the hour of interest.

Answer 14

Analysis flow rate

Question 15

It is the time between the passage of the front bumpers of successive vehicles, at some designated highway point.

Answer 15

time headway

Question 16

It is the arithmetic mean of the vehicle speeds observed at some designated point along the roadway.

Answer 16

Time-mean speed

Question 17

It is more useful in the context of traffic analysis and is determined on the basis of the time necessary for a vehicle to travel some known length of roadway.

Answer 17

Space-mean speed

Question 18

They describe characteristics specific to individual pairs of vehicles within the traffic stream.

Answer 18

microscopic measures

Question 19

These are measures describe the traffic streams as whole, such as flow, average speed, and density.

Answer 19

macroscopic measures

Question 20

The traffic hazard to life in a community is commonly expressed as the number of traffic fatalities per 100 000 populations

Answer 20

Death Rate on Population Basis

Question 21

Another measure of exposure to accidents lies in the motor vehicle registration in a state or community; hence death rate is often expressed as deaths per 10 000 vehicles registered.

Answer 21

Death Rate on a Registration Basis

Question 22

The true exposure to accidents is probably more nearly approximated by the miles of travel by motor vehicles than by either the population or the registration.

Answer 22

Death rate on Mileage Basis

Question 23

The capacity of any element of the highway system is the maximum number of vehicles with reasonable expectation passing over the section (either one or both directions) during a given time period under prevailing roadway and traffic conditions.

Answer 23

Highway capacity

Question 24

Where traffic flow is likely to continue without breakdown and serious compositions. It follows that at capacity, the quality of level of service is far from idea.

Answer 24

Maximum Volume

Question 25

Capacity is stated in passenger cars per hour. Truck and buses in the traffic stream can decrease the road capacity substantially.

Answer 25

Number of Verhicles

Question 26

Values for capacity cannot be determined exactly due to the many variable that affect traffic flows, particularly at high volumes. Assigned values for capacity are more of probability rather than certainties.

Answer 26

Reasonable Expectations

Question 27

Traffic is one direction flows independently from that of the other. On the other hand, on two and three lane roads there are interactions between traffic in the two directions and these affect traffic flow and capacity.

Answer 27

One Direction Against Two Directions

Question 28

Traffic volumes and capacity are stated in vehicles per hour but traffic flow does bot vary uniformly with time, volume and capacities. This variation within an how is expressed by a peak hour factor (PHF).

Answer 28

A Given Time Period

Question 29

This factor which is less or equal to one in the quotient of the hourly volume divided by the shorter period volume multiplied by the number of periods in an hour.

Answer 29

Peak Hour Factor

Question 30

This includes physical features that affects capacity like lane and shoulder width, sight distance and grades.

Answer 30

Prevailing Roadway and Traffic Conditions

Question 31

It also reflects changes in the character of the traffic stream.

Answer 31

Prevailing Roadway and Traffic Conditions

Question 32

It is weather related conditions that affect capacity such as rain, fog, smog, or wind.

Answer 32

Ambient Condition