Module 4 IPM Flashcards
(54 cards)
Internal farm nutrient sources
Soi, subsoil, legume plants, crop residues, green manure, animal manure, compost.
This are barriers used to resducr and redirect wind.
Windbreaks
This is windbreaks are made up of living plants.
Shelter belt
The following are the factors affecting effectiveness of windbreak:
Height
Density
Number of rows
Species composition
Orientation
Continuity
This is the most important factor determining the downwind area protected by a windbreak.
Windbreak height (H)
This value varies from windbreak to windbreak, and increases as the windbreak matures.
Windbreak height (H)
True or false. In multiple windbreaks, the height of the tallest tree-row determines the value of H.
True
Is the ratio of the solid portion of the barrier to the total area of the barrier.
Windbreak density
Wind flows through the open portions of windbreak, this the more solid a windbreak, the less wind passes through.
Windbreak density
Windbreaks are most effective when oriented at right angles to prevailing winds.
Orientation
The purpose and design of each windbreak is unique, the orientation of individual windbreaks depends on the design objectives.
Orientation
Windbreaks provide wildlife habitat benefits:
Amenity
Recreation
Hunting
User fees
Regulating amount of light received by plants;
Windbreak shading
-Regulating amount of light received by plants
-Varying plant density
-provision of shade
-a function of seeding rate, distance between hills and distance between rows.
Windbreak shading
Crop where reduction of die-back and shoot-rot disease when provided with shade at the seedling stage.
Coconut seedlings
Crops which needs shading ?
Coffee, cacao, lanzones, mangosteen, anthurium, orchids, grafted and budded plants
Judicious or purposive removal of plant parts (roots,
stem, leaves, flowers, fruits).
Pruning
Main objectives of pruning:
a. Control size
b. control form
c. Achieve better plant performance
A tree or shrub that has been dwarfed, as by pruning
the roots and pinching, and is grown in a pot or other
container and trained to produce a desired shape or
effect.
Bonsai
Aged, minitiature tree
Bonsai
The practice or art of training,
cutting, and trimming trees or
shrubs into odd or ornamental
shapes.
Topiary
Effects of Pruning:
a. reduces stored carbohydrates and leaf area available
for carbohydrate production
b. temporarily arrest apical dominance
c. excessive top pruning stimulates vegetative growth and
suppresses flowering but root pruning increases
flowering
Advantages of Pruning:
a. a way of rejuvenating old trees
b. minimizing the bad effects of overcrowding, thus
reducing competition for light
c. a means of discarding unproductive plant parts
A type of pruning Cuts where it is done by removing the terminal
portion of the shoot but retaining the
basal portion.
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