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UCSP Midterms > Module 4 (Man's Integration to the Society) > Flashcards

Module 4 (Man's Integration to the Society) Flashcards

1
Q

lifelong social experience by which people develop their human potential and learn culture

A

socialization

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2
Q

process by which an individual is oriented and taught by his/her society’s norms

A

socialization

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3
Q

form of interaction by which people acquire personality and learn the way of life of their society

A

socialization

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4
Q

goals of socialization

A

teaches impulse control and develop a conscience, teaches individuals how to prepare and perform certain social rules, cultivates shared sources of meaning and value

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5
Q

forms of socialization

A

enculturation and acculturation

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6
Q

process by which people learn the requirements of their surrounding culture and acquire the values and behaviors appropriate in that culture

A

enculturation

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7
Q

diffusion of one’s culture or another

A

enculturation

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8
Q

cultural modification of an individua, group, or people by adapting to or borrowing traits from another culture

A

acculturation

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9
Q

results of socialization, enculturation, and acculturation

A

self and identity, status and roles, norms and values

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10
Q

“the social mind”; sociological concept – develops through social interactions where individuals learn to assume roles and meet the increasing level (George Herbert Mead)

A

the concept of self

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11
Q

helonic concept of identity (self is both a whole and a part); self in the context of personal pertains to the wholeness of an individual’s identity and being a part of the whole reflects on the roles that it plays within the context of the society

A

model of consciousness: the i and me perspective

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12
Q

one’s self-concept was derived from a “social mirror” in which we can observe how others react to us, thus engaging us how to think and feel (Charles Horton Cooley)

A

the looking glass self concept

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13
Q

development of an individual’s distinct personality; this process defines individuals to others and themselves and individuals gain identity by social affiliations

A

identity formation

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14
Q

examples of identity

A

self-concept, cultural identity, national identity, religious identity, ethnic identity

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15
Q

any position that an individual can occupy in society, a label that implies that certain roles must be performed

A

status

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16
Q

individual’s position in the society, which carries with it a set of defined rights and obligations

A

status

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17
Q

types of status

A

ascribed status and achieved status

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18
Q

given at birth or assigned later in life

A

ascribed status

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19
Q

acquired willfully and consciously through effort, talent, decisions, and accomplishments

A

achieved status

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20
Q

set of expectation from people who occupy a particular status

A

role

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21
Q

behavior of an individual within a social space in accordance to his status

A

role performance

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22
Q

multiplicity of roles within a given status

A

role set

23
Q

two or more statuses, both applicable to the situation require distinct and divergent roles from the individual

A

role conflict

24
Q

individual is having difficulty in performing the role required of him or her

A

role strain

25
Q

discontinuation of a role, either to address a role strain or indulge in a role set

A

role exit

26
Q

culturally determined rules that guide people what is right, wrong, proper, or improper

A

norms

27
Q

standards people use to determine desirable goals and outcomes, created and shaped by the community through time

A

values

28
Q

types of norms

A

folkways, mores, taboos, laws

29
Q

socially approved behaviors that have no moral underpinning

A

folkways

30
Q

norms related to moral conventions

A

mores

31
Q

behaviors that are absolutely forbidden in a specific culture

A

taboos

32
Q

rules and regulations that are implemented by the state

A

laws

33
Q

act of following the rules and goals of one’s society, met with rewards and acceptance from other members of the society

A

conformity

34
Q

act of violating the prescribed social norms, socially constructed by the members of the society

A

deviance

35
Q

strong sense of disapproval on nonconforming behavior from members of the society

A

stigma

36
Q

theories of deviance

A

social control theory, rational choice theory, differential association theory, labelling theory, conflict theory, structuralist-functionalist theory, strain theory

37
Q

deviance is caused by a lack in stronger social bonds within a society; as he is less attached in the society, the more that he/she will deviate from social norms

A

social control theory

38
Q

conformity or deviance of an individual depends on the cost and benefit he/she may get from such action

A

rational choice theory

39
Q

conformity or deviance is learned by an individual from those he/she associates with

A

differential association theory

40
Q

actions are initially not considered deviant until they are labelled as such by members of the community

A

labelling theory

41
Q

society composes of opposing groups of people whose access to power determines which actions are deviant based on their perceived advantage; set of behaviors of the elite are norms and those of the powerless are deviant

A

conflict theory

42
Q

on the micro level, deviance was caused by role strain of an individual due to lack of resources to cope with the demands of the social norms

A

structuralist-functionalist theory

42
Q

on the macro level, deviance is caused by breakdown of social norms which produces anomie or social disorganization

A

structuralist-functionalist theory

43
Q

proposed by Robert Merton, argues that deviant behavior occues due to imbalance of society’s cultural goals and the socially accepted means to achieve those goals are out of balance

A

strain theory

44
Q

means to prevent deviance and to ensure that norms are safeguarded and order preserved

A

social control

45
Q

elements to promote social control

A

internalization and sanctions

46
Q

individual is made to automatically conform to the dictates of his/her society through a cost-benefit orientation

A

internalization

47
Q

rewards or punishment given upon conformity/deviance in an action

A

sanctions

48
Q

types of sanctions

A

formal, informal, positive, negative

49
Q

rewards/forms of punishment that are formally awarded by an institution (i.e. government, school, etc)

A

formal

50
Q

rewards/forms of punishment that are spontaneously given by an individual/group of people as a response to a behavior that was either accepted of disapproved

A

informal

51
Q

sanctions that rewards a particular behavior, which reinforces its repetition

A

positive

52
Q

sanctions that punishes a particular behavior

A

negative

UCSP Midterms (4 decks)

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