Module 4- Muscular Function and Aging

Question 1

heart, branching chains

Answer 1

cardiac

Question 2

bones, long

Answer 2

skeletal muscle

Question 3

in organs, spindle shaped

Answer 3

smooth muscles

Question 4

muscle

Answer 4

thousand of muscle cells, connective tissue wrappings, blood vessels and nerve fibers

Question 5

fasicle

Answer 5

discrete bundles of muscle cells, segregated by a connective tissue sheath

Question 6

muscle fiber

Answer 6

elongated multinucleate cell, banded appearance

Question 7

myofibril

Answer 7

rod-like, composed of sarcomeres, adjacent myofibrils are aligned

Question 8

composed of myofilaments

Answer 8

sarcomere

Question 9

thick and thin

Answer 9

myofilaments

Question 10

general functions of muscles

Answer 10

movement, posture, stabilize joints and generate heat

Question 11

a muscle that crosses on the LATERAL side of a joint produces

Answer 11

abduction

Question 12

a muscle that crosses on the MEDIAL side of a joint produces

Answer 12

adduction

Question 13

anterior side produces

Answer 13

flexion

Question 14

posterior side produces

Answer 14

extension

Question 15

muscle that opposes and reverse movement of the agonist

Answer 15

antagonist

Question 16

muscle that helps agonist by adding additional force or stabilization

Answer 16

synergist

Question 17

inorganic components of bone mineral lose minerals, primarily calcium, becomes a thinned and weakened skeleton

Answer 17

osteopenia

Question 18

reduced protein synthesis

Answer 18

programmed theory and error theory
lost ability to correctly synthesize proteins

Question 19

why does demineralization occur

Answer 19

because osteoblasts mature and become senescent osteocytes

Question 20

osteoporosis

Answer 20

broken bones, pain in back

Question 21

osteoarthritis

Answer 21

progressive degeneration of cartilage in synovial capsule
stiffness, pain

Question 22

gouty arthritis

Answer 22

kidney disfunction and certain food, sharp pain around big toe

Question 23

rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 23

autoimmune disease, inflammation and pain

Question 24

4 important functions muscle perform for the body

Answer 24

movement, posture, stabilize joints, generate heat

Question 25

junction between the nervous system and the muscular system is termed

Answer 25

neuromuscular junction

Question 26

skeletal muscles contract only stimulated by ?

Answer 26

nervous system

Question 27

sliding filament action

Answer 27

overlap of actin and myosin, calcium related, ATP

Question 28

what is linked to inactivity

Answer 28

atrophy

Question 29

blood and adipose tissue are

Answer 29

connective tissue

Question 30

epithelial tissue does

Answer 30

protection, excretion and filtration