Module 4: Reproductive system Flashcards
What does the ovaries contain
- stromal matrix
- Follicles
- tunica albuginea
- surface epithelium
What are the hormones involved in the repro system
•Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
•Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
•Luteinizing hormone (LH)
•Inhibin*
Sex hormones:
•Testosterone
•Estrogens and Progesterone
What type of estrogen is most abundant and most responsible for estrogenic effects
Estradiol
What are the three key differences between spermatogenesis and oogenesis
•Production of oocytes only occurs in fetus
•In primary oocytes, meiosis is arrested in late prophase I and resumes years later
•In secondary oocytes, meiosis is arrested at metaphase II and is only completes if fertilisation occurs
True/False
Primordial follicles have a single layer of squamous pre-granulosa cells surrounding a primary oocyte.
True
True/False
Primary follicles have a double layer of cuboidal pregranulosa cells surrounding a primary oocyte.
False
Single layer of cuboidal pregranulosa cells
True/False
Secondary follicles have multiple layers of granulosa cells surrounding a primary oocyte.
True
Describe the Vesicular follicles structure
Fluid-filled cavity called antrum.
Just before ovulation, the primary oocyte inside the vesicular follicle resumes meiosis and becomes a secondary oocyte.
Apoptosis
Programmed cell death
In which region of the fallopian tube does fertilisation take place
Ampulla
In which region of the fallopian tube does sperm capacitation take place?
Isthmus
Fill in the blanks:
High estrogen levels result in …. cilia beat frequency and smooth muscle … in fallopian tubes
- increased
- contraction
True/False
High progesterone levels result in decrease cilia beat frequency and smooth muscle relaxation in the fallopian tubes.
True
True/False
The prostate gland produces 70% of fluid volume in the seminal fluid
False
25%
True/False
Prostate gland produces proteases that fluidize the ejaculation
True
